The evil servant
Also in Русский · Українська
Also known as The wicked servant · The evil slave · The wicked slave · That evil servant · That evil slave · The unfaithful servant · The evil servant class · The evil slave class · The traitorous evil slave · The unfaithful slave
The evil servant of Matthew 24:48-51 was initially understood in 1877 as an unwatchful professed servant who would fail to recognize Christ's presence. In 1880 such unfaithful servants were associated with the great multitude, and in 1884 they were understood as potentially surviving great tribulation without becoming members of Christ's Bride. In 1883 the explanation particularly emphasized those who denied Christ's already established presence and opposed its proclaimers. In 1918 The Finished Mystery specifically identified N. H. Barbour with the evil servant. By 1923 the designation again referred to a class. In 1927 this class was identified more precisely as formerly anointed servants who had refused to participate in Kingdom proclamation since 1918, attacked fellow servants, and associated with the world. In 1928 its manifestation was connected with the events of 1914-1918. From 1930 the class was associated with Judas, the workers of iniquity, and the man of sin, and its fate was described as destruction rather than deliverance through great tribulation. During the Knorr presidency, publications continued identifying the evil slave with disloyal former members of God's organization. In 1952 its rejection at Christ's inspection in 1918 was explicitly described, and publications in 1955 connected its emergence with organizational divisions after Russell's death. In 1961 a dedicated article insisted that the evil slave was not one individual but a class of traitorous individuals, comparing it with Ahithophel and Judas. In 1965 the evil slave was more distinctly described as a separate group from the man of lawlessness, consisting of formerly associated, spirit-begotten Christians who had become rebellious. In 1969 the interpretation explicitly rejected the legitimacy of sects formed by this class after 1918. In 1973 the explanation emphasized that individual anointed members could become like the evil slave, break away from the faithful slave class, and form separate groups; publications in 1974 and 1975 repeated the personal responsibility involved. In 1981 the explanation explicitly clarified that the faithful slave collectively does not become unfaithful and that defectors can constitute the evil slave class without operating as one organized body. Publications through 1988 continued applying the illustration to disloyal former associates and opposers. From 1994 through 2000 the explanation particularly emphasized apostates who attacked their former fellow believers, rejected the urgency of Kingdom proclamation, and attempted to undermine the faith of Jehovah's Witnesses. Verified interpretive statements were found in all five presidencies: Russell, Rutherford, Knorr, Franz, and the Governing Body.
- Matt. 24:45-51
- Luke 12:42-48
Rutherford
Joseph F. Rutherford · 1917–1942
-
The evil servant was specifically identified with N. H. Barbour, a former associate of Russell who subsequently opposed teachings concerning the ransom and Tabernacle types.
1 quote
In 1881 a former associate, Mr. Barbour, of Rochester, N. Y., who had been a faithful fellow‐watcher, developed into the ʺEvil servantʺ of Matt. 24:48‐51 and Zechariah 11:17, and produced a work on the Hebrew Tabernacle types in opposition to the fundamentals of true Christianity.
The Finished Mystery, 1918 -
The interpretation returned to a collective evil servant class consisting of professed followers who opposed their fellow servants and returned to association with the world.
1 quote
He then intimated that there would be an evil servant class who would smite their fellow-servants and turn back and join the world.
The Watchtower, October 1, 1923 -
The evil servant class was identified with selfish former Kingdom servants, Judas-like traitors, and elements of the man of sin or son of perdition. Its judgment was described as destruction rather than eventual deliverance. Subsequent publications repeatedly portrayed this class as cooperating with religious opponents, rejecting Kingdom service, and persecuting Jehovah's faithful witnesses.
12 quotes
The “evil servant” is made up of the same class, identically. That class responded to the call for the kingdom and looked for the second coming of the Lord, but they had a selfish motive that induced them to take a selfish course of action. Jesus stated that their fate is the portion assigned to the hypocrites, which is destruction.
The Watchtower, September 15, 1930 This is further proof that Judas foreshadowed the “evil servant” class, “the man of sin, the son of perdition.” 8 Preservation is sure only to those who love God, and love for God is proven by the full obedience of the creature to the commandments of the Lord and doing so with a proper and unselfish motive. At so many times and in so many places in the Scriptures God has stated and illustrated the unchangeable rule, in this regard in particular.
The Watchtower, August 1, 1931 In so doing the “evil servant” class ‘takes off the shoe’ (that is, the covering of the feet) of “the preparation of the gospel of peace”.
The Watchtower, December 1, 1932 When Jesus appeared at the temple for judgment he began there the cutting-off work, at which time, says the prophet, “mine anger was kindled against the shepherds.” (Zech. 10:3) He proceeded from that time forward to send away the workers of iniquity, the “evil servant” class. (Matt. 13:41; 24:50, 51; Hos. 5: 6, 7) These false shepherds show their hatred of God, and the Lord God abhors them.
The Watchtower, October 15, 1933 “The chariots of God are twenty thousand, even thousands upon thousands: the Lord is among them, as in Sinai, in the sanctuary.” (Ps. 68:17, R.V.) Seir, mentioned as second, pictures the “evil servant” class, the “man of sin”, “the son of perdition.” Mount Paran seems well to picture the “elective elder” class once in line for the kingdom, for it was at the wilderness of Paran that Jehovah cleared out the unfaithful elders.
The Watchtower, June 15, 1934 In every country efforts were made to force the faithful servants of God into the war. In all the countries that had enacted a conscription law with the “conscientious” provision therein, the clergy got themselves appointed on the draft boards or commissions and there used their power and influence to destroy the faithful servants of God. The faithless crowd that afterwards developed into the “evil servant” class co-operated with the modern Philistines.
The Watchtower, December 1, 1935 The bringing of the live goat and sending him forth for Azazel pictures the “evil servant” class, the chief of that class which is the “man of sin”.
The Watchtower, May 15, 1936 It is clear, therefore, that the “evil servant” falls under the power and influence of Satan and the demons and becomes a part of the wicked organization and the enemies of the Lord God and his kingdom, and thereafter the Devil uses the “evil servant” to make war upon the faithful servants of the Lord.
The Watchtower, June 1, 1937 With the end of the Elijah work of the church quite a number were gathered out and became opponents of God’s organization on the earth and identified themselves with the “evil servant” class.
The Watchtower, January 15, 1938 Thus Jehovah foretold that the vicious and malicious acts of the “evil servant” class, pictured by Achan, could not succeed and will not be permitted to retard the advance or increase of His witness work, which work must be done preceding Armageddon.
The Watchtower, May 1, 1939 In this wicked effort they have received the aid and help of the “evil servant” class, which class continue to say with sarcasm: “Where is the great multitude?”
The Watchtower, January 1, 1940 Such “man of sin”, “son of perdition,” includes clergymen, the “elective elders” of congregations, and particularly those classed by the Lord Jesus as the “evil servant”; all of whom conspire together to do injury to God’s Theocratic organization and persecute his people.
The Watchtower, June 1, 1941
Governing Body
1992–
-
The evil slave was no longer a foretold class of apostates. Jesus’ words were explained as a conditional warning to the faithful slave, rather than an appointment of an evil class.
1 quote
But such ones do not make up an evil slave class. Jesus did not say that he would appoint an evil slave.
The Watchtower, July 15, 2013, pp. 20–25, box “If Ever That Evil Slave . . .”
Thank you!
Your suggestion has been sent. New topics are added as they are researched.