Awake!, April 22, 1951
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APRIL 22, 1951 semimonthly
THE MISSION OF THIS JOURNAL
News sources that are aBU to keep you awake to the vital f**Ue* of our time* must be tmfeiteired by censorship and selfish interests. "Awake F* ha» no fetter It recodnfzee faote, foots facts, Is first to publish facts. It Ie not bound by political ambitions or obligation*; it la unhampered by advertisers whose toes must not b* trodden on; it is unprejudiced by traditional creeds. This Journal keeps itself free that it may speak freely to you. But it does not abuse its freedom. It maintains integrity to truth.
"Awake 1° Uses the regular news channels, but is not dependent on them* Its own correspondents are on all continents, in scores of nations. From the four corners of tha earth their uncensored, on* the-.scenes reports come to you through these columns. This Journal's viewpoint is not narrow, but is international. It is read in many nations, In many languages, by persons of all ages. Through its page* many fields of knowledge pass In review—government, commerce, religion, history, geography, science, social conditions, natural wonder*—why, its coverage is a* brood as the earth and as high as the heavens.
* Awake 1” pledges itself to righteous principles, to exposing hidden foe* and subtle dangers, to championing freedom for all, to comforting mourners and strengthening those disheartened by the failures of a delinquent world, reflecting sure hope for the establishment of a righteous New World.
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CONTENTS
Atomic Dilemma
Persecution Rages in Soviet Germany 5
Spies Give False Reports
Christians Kidnaped by Gestapo 7
"Under Ban” Means “Under Ground'* 8
Religion—True and False
Oriental ’‘Holy'* Books
The Bible, Jehovah's Scriptures 12
Luangwa Valley, Home of African Game 13
Sanguine Carnival for Modern Nimrods 14
“There Will Be No Gestapo Witch Hunts” 16
Australia's Anti-Red Bill
British Justice on Trial
Modern Electronic “Brains”
Some of Their Accomplishments
Their Possibilities
“Your Word Is Truth”
‘Guard Against Covetousness
Lowly Rabbit Vindicates Bible
Watching the World
Atomic Dilemma
TWO “shots” fired In Japan in the momentous month of August, 1945, were truly "heard round the world”. The echoes from the atomic blasts that flattened Hiroshima and Nagasaki have never died away. The years since have seen repercussions from the initial blows of man’s mightiest weapon swirl m a pool of world hate and jealousy.
With the arrival of thej Korean affair pressure has increased both for and against use of the A-bomb by U. N. forces. Primary attention has centered around the moral question over which American and world church groups have presented a divided and indecisive front On December 5,1950, the International Council of Christian Churches sent to President Truman its authorization for use of the atomic bomb "to defend human freedom if necessary”. They declared that use under such conditions would violate no moral principles. Going much farther, Edmund A. Walsh, S.J., vice-president of Georgetown University, declared that even an aggressive "preventive war” spearheaded by an atomic attack on Russia would be justified if certainty existed that this nation were itself in imminent threat of such an attack.
In general, however, reactions have been considerably more modified. During the last week of November, 1950, a special commission of Protestant theologians and laymen meeting in Cleveland, Ohio, approved use of atomic weapons, but in reservation, saying:
"If atomic weapons or other weapons of parallel destructiveness are used against us or our friends in Europe or Asia, we believe that it could be justifiable for our government to use them In retaliation with all possible restraint.”
A fiat protest against use of the atomic bomb was issued the first of last December by a group of seventy-eight Protestant clergymen of western New York. They pleaded with “our people, our government officials and the United Nations not to permit use of the weapon lest we lose all claim to God's mercy by permitting the destruction of the innocent as well as the guilty”.
Representing 160,000,000 church followers of forty-four lands, the policy-forming committee of the World Council of Churches, though approving U. N. action tn Korea, resolved that:
"Such methods of modem warfare as the use of atomic and bacteriological weapons and obliteration bombing involve employment of force and destruction of life on so terrible a scale as to imperil the very basis on which law and civilization can exist.”
Another expression was made by Henry Knox Sherrill, head of the young National Council of Churches of Christ in the U.S. A. In a seeming attempt to appraise both sides of the moral question, this nominal
head of thirty-one million Protestants said use of the bomb was not necessarily “immoral” He continued, “I don’t see how you can say knives are all right and the A-bomb all wrong?* Asserting that it is not the business of the church to promote war, and ‘Tm not sure it’s right for the church to bless war” this prominent clergyman thus struck squarely on one of the clergy’s most vulnerable positions.
There is no use denying the countless conflicting political regimes and wars the clergy of Christendom have blessed. While the motive behind their general plea now against the atom bomb may be quite humanitarian, it would seem the gentlemen of the cloth could go much farther.
Many sense this. Following the use of the first A-bombs, Denis de Rougemont, in The Last Trump, referred to “pastors, bishops, popes, rabbis and priests” who voiced initial protests. “In general they held the view,” he states, “that it is criminal not so much to kill as to kill en masse and by new methods?’ He asks ironically what should have been done, “abide by the good old methods tacitly approved by the clergy of all countries such as bayonet thrusts in the abdomen and flame throwers which roast a man alive in three seconds”?
There is undeniable logic here. A man killed by a plane, tank, flame-thrower, grenade, land mine, bayonet or plain gun is just as dead as one obliterated by an atomic blast. Certainly, the latter occasion will take many more lives with it, but a hundred thousand lives are just individual cases multiplied one hundred thousand times and collected into one place. Admitted, bombings of cities, for which atomic bombs are specifically designed, mean an excessive loss in civilian life. But a number of civilians were being bombed under the old “blockbuster” system too. Will an A-bomb deprive the user of any more 'Claim to God’s mercy* than a blockbuster? How does a flame-thrower rate as a peril to the *130518 on which law and civilization can exist”?
When a politician betrays the trust of the people he serves, it is bad. When a religious minister does so, it is just as bad and, on top of that, it drags into disrepute the lofty name of Almighty God, whom such men profess to represent. The name and purposes Christendom has taken upon herself she has had sixteen centuries to live up to. Has she done so? Rather than her claims, let her political conspiracies, wars, many of which she was at the very bottom of, and the condition of spiritual want by her subjects give answer. How many times has she met in solemn religious assembly in search of a ‘better world’? How often has the name of God been on her lips? How little in her heart? How often have her many words touched on the real afflictions of the people, wars for example, and how to relieve them? These questions answer themselves.
Hence, it brings no satisfaction to read of the fifty-odd clergymen who met in the Washington Cathedral, Washington, D.C., on “Ash Wednesday”, 1950, to discuss “God, Man and the Hydrogen Bomb”. Their opening words convicted them; “Almighty God . . . We stand before thee in this time of peril and perplexity, our hearts failing us for fear, our minds groping in darkness ...” In obvious accord with their past confusion, they had nothing of comfort to offer, no answer to their dilemma.
From the hands of such guides, Christendom can expett no relief from her spiritual famine, Their condemnation of single weapons while lifting not a finger against the carnage of war itself is typical of them and is like fighting a forest fire with an eye-dropper. It is likewise evident that their many words in such vein have as little effect with God.
in
Soviet Germany
Once again terrible flames of violence, fanned by Catholics and Protestants, are licking the heels of Jehovah's witnesses, in the Eastern zone. The crazed communists are attempting to accomplish what the demonized Nazis could not. But firsthand reports from behind the iron curtain also reveal that the results are the same as before—persecution is again defeated!
THE pattern of persecution followed today in the territory occupied by the Russians is the same as that cut out and used by the Devil's agents against Christ Jesus and the early Christians nearly 2,000 years ago. Under totalitarian Roman rule the compromising Jewish clergy were contented and undisturbed until the honest preacher Jesus came along and exposed their errors, hypocrisy and fraudulent practices. That message inflamed those religionists with jealousy, hatred and intolerance,' and they contrived to do away with the Preacher of the truth. They scoffed and ridiculed, they threatened and reviled, they sent their crafty spies among Jesus' followers with catchy questions, and finally they brought false accusations against him and put him to death. Oh, yes, they took the trouble of giving him a mock trial, and they attempted to justify their action with a boisterous proclamation of patriotism. Shrewdly they maneuvered events to make it appear that responsibility for Jesus* death hung on the neck of Pilate the politician.—Matthew 12:14,24,
38; 15:1,2; 19:3; 21:23,45,46; 22:15-23, 34,35,41-46; 27:1; Mark 3:6; 12:12,13; 15:1,2; Luke 6:11; 20:19,20; 22:66; 23:1, 2; John 5:16; 7:19,32, 45-47; 8:40,44,59; 19:12,14-16.
In all of these details there is a striking parallel in what has occurred during the last five years in Eastern Germany. When the Nazi concentration camps were smashed open, out walked thousands of Jehovah's witnesses who had survived up to 12 years of imprisonment, and once again these faithful Christians went about preaching their happy message. They told the people, not only the good news that God’s kingdom is the only hope for sincere and honest people, but also that this theocratic kingdom was established in the heavens in 1914. The leaders of both Catholicism and Protestantism, having rejected God's kingdom as the only hope, and being a very important part of this present evil world, lost no time in denouncing these devout Christians before the new Communist bosses.
Many of the false charges now made by the Soviet administration first appeared in official publications of Catholic and Protestant organizations. As, for example, the preposterous lies that the witnesses are an American organization engaged in espionage service for imperialism, and they stir up the population against the People’s Republic of Communism, and are therefore a threat to Germany’s social rebuilding program. A stream of lies flooded forth to
arouse the political powers against the witnesses. They accomplished their wicked purpose, too.
It is an old trick, when evil ones in authority desire to do away with a small and defenseless minority, to stir up the spirit of ignorant masses to accomplish their purpose. This makes it appear that the majority approves and democratic rule prevails. Such an instance occurred in the district around Behnsdorf in May, 1949. The female burgomaster of this town, formerly a rabid fascistic nazi but now one who claims to be an ardent communist, called a mass meeting and read a resolution demanding that the witnesses be banned as a “murderous organization”. Posters were put up about town spreading the lie that these innocent Christians offered blood sacrifices to their God, and warning people not to allow the witnesses to enter their homes, since they were only looking for new victims to sacrifice. It was the same wicked lie the nazis used against the Jews, but it accomplished its intended purpose. With the whole community stirred Up the police then outlawed the Bible meetings of the witnesses. Even private studies of the Bible were broken up. Everywhere the witnesses went—down the streets or in the stores to do their shopping—senseless mobs set upon and beat them. The windows in their homes were smashed, their furniture and belongings were seriously damaged, and other injuries were suffered at the hands of these wild mobsters. The demons were certainly on the loose, and it was some time before the higher governmental authorities stepped in to restore law and order.
Spies Give False Reports
In a certain village one of Jehovah’s witnesses who had given a public talk was called before the Russian commander. The charge was that he had talked about a coming “big war” in which those on the “left” would be destroyed and those on the “right” would begin living in a lovely new world. The commander interpreted the “big war” to be World War IH, those on the “left” to be the Communists, and those on the “right” to be the reactionaries and Nationalists. The witness then told the commander what he had said. He explained that the “big war” he had talked about was the battle of Armageddon, to be fought between Christ Jesus and Satan the Devil. As for those on the “right” and “left”, the speaker pointed out that he was talking about the parable of the “sheep and goats” recorded in Matthew 25. The commander was fully satisfied, but wondered how his informers made such a stupid report.
But this report was no more ridiculous than other nonsensical “evidence" turned in against Jehovah’s witnesses. Under pressure from the modem religious Pharisees the Communists sent their own specially trained spies to the meetings of Jehovah’s witnesses. When a report was given on the Watch Tower Society’s president, Mr. N. H. Knorr, and his visit to Germany in 1947, these roguish spies scribbled down in their notebooks: ‘The speaker admitted having talked to American agents.’ Again, when a Bible study meeting was opened with prayer and the conductor asked the great Jehovah God to bless the president of the Watch Tower Society and his fellow ministers in Brooklyn, New York, down went the notation ‘Jehovah’s witnesses pray for the victory of America*.
These unprincipled informers mingled privately with the witnesses and asked many catch questions. For instance, “What is your idea of the Soviet government?” A witness would then take time to explain that Jehovah’s witnesses are true followers of Christ, that they copy his pattern and devote themselves to God’s kingdom, and hence preserve strict political neutrality, giving Caesar what belongs to him and at the same time giving God what is rightfully God’s. However, these unscrupulous and wicked men wrote down in their notebooks: ftJehovah’s witnesses are against Caesar, against Stalin and against the Soviet government,” The exact opposite from what was said!
See how this parallels the accusation against Christ, concerning which it is written: "They sent out men secretly hired to pretend that they were righteous, in order that they might catch him [Jesus] in speech, so as to turn him over to the government and to the authority of the governor, And these men questioned him, saying: 1 ... Is it lawful for us to pay tax to Caesar or not?’ He said to them: ‘By all means, then, pay back Caesar’s things to Caesar, but God’s things to God? Well, they were not able to catch him in this saying before the people, but, in amazement at his answer, they said nothing.” However, later on in the courtroom the accusation was brought against Jesus: “This man we found subverting our nation and forbidding the paying of taxes to C a e s a r?’—Luke 20:20-22, 25, 26; 23:2, New World Trans.
So the Devil’s tactics against true Christians have not changed much in 2,000 years. As then, so now the truth is seized upon, twisted, completely removed from its setting, and mixed with a mass of deliberate lies, and then used to incriminate and conviot innocent people. Some of the “evidence” turned in by the Communist spies was so ridiculous and far-fetched even an official of the Soviet administration was overheard to say: “Such foolish stuff. People know Jehovah’s witnesses better than to believe that!” But what did that matter? It was of little consequence that such so-called “evidence” was not the truth, it would still be used in the Communist trials to send Jehovah’s witnesses to
a prison camp, and if anyone objected, they too could receive the same treatment
Christians Kidnaped by Gestapo
When false arrests and imprisonments failed to stop Jehovah’s witnesses the Com-"munlsts tried to intimidate them with torture and cruelty. *TTiis particular campaign of terror began in February, 1950, when Paul Grossmann, a prominent member of the Watch Tower staff in Magdeburg, suddenly disappeared. He had gone to the home of a supposedly interested person to help him study his Bible. An investigation was started and a reward pf DM 1,000 was posted for any information on the crime, but it soon developed that the police were doing everything possible to cover up the matter. It was then learned that the supposedly interested person was an agent of the Soviet State Security Service, so representatives of the Watch Tower Society went to the state attorney general in Halle demanding that he investigate this crime. Helplessly, he admitted that Grossmann had been kidnaped and turned over to “higher authorities”, and consequently he could do nothing. “I am not allowed to say anything,” he kept repeating with his head hung in shame.
Two other members of the Bethel staff of the Watch Tower Society in Magdeburg were also kidnaped in a similar fashion. Also Paul Schwarz, a circuit servant for the Watch Tower Society, and his wife were pounced upon in Schwerin by the police and turned over to the mysterious “higher authorities”, who turned out to be Eastern Germany’s Gestapo organization which is controlled by the Russians. Not until several months had passed was it learned that Schwarz had been sentenced to 25 years of hard labor and was in the concentration camp of Bautzen, He had spent many years in Hitler’s concentration camps and now he was sentenced to spend another 25 years, his only crime being the fact that he was a faithful and true Christian!
Not all kidnaped were thrown into the labor camps. Several were released after receiving brutal treatment, to allow them to spread fear among the ranks of Jehovah’s witnesses. For example, there was a well-known chiropractor in Magdeburg, one of Jehovah’s witnesses, who was notified to appear at the office of the public health. Asked several routine questions about his business and related matters, the discussion finally turned to Biblical topics. The official feigned great interest. It being about noontime, the official invited the witness to accompany him in his car and tell him more about the Bible, Upon reaching the car and being introduced to another man the witness was forcibly thrown in and driven off at high speed. Yes, he too was being kidnaped by the Russian Gestapo, At their headquarters he was grilled all night with questions and at the same time was threatened that much worse things were in store for him if he persisted in his beliefs. Then in the morning he was freed to spread the alarm.
"Under Ban” Means “Under Ground”
Well, how did Jehovah’s witnesses react to this brutality? Did fear and terror spread through their ranks and slow down their preaching? Not in the least! Like early Christians they joyfully suffered the plundering, knowing that through such experiences they were gaining an abiding possession. “In fact, all those desiring to live with godly devotion in association with Christ Jesus will also be persecuted,” They endured these hardships as good soldiers of Christ, and God blessed their efforts by expanding their numbers. (Hebrews 10:34; 2 Timothy 2:3; 3:12, New World Trans.) Just think of it, from January to July, 1950, the number of those preaching the good news of the Kingdom in Eastern Germany jumped from 20,386 to 23,220!
But this overwhelming manifestation of Jehovah’s blessing upon his people was too much for their enemies, and so on August 30 the government of the Soviet zone launched its all-out effort to suppress Jehovah's witnesses completely. On September 4 public announcement was made that the organization and activity of these Christians were officially banned, and within 24 hours 1,000 of the most prominent witnesses were rounded up and thrown in prison. Some were sentenced to life, others drew long terms at hard labor, and in many of these cases the sentences were equivalent to death.
The Devil concluded that if he killed Christ he would put an end to Christianity. He failed Next he tried to stop it by persecuting and martyring the apostles and disciples. Again he failed. Many of the Devil’s servants haye since attempted the same thing and have also failed. Hitler the paper hanger, in spite of the fact that he was backed wp and supported by the pope, also failed in his folly, and Jehovah's witnesses came back stronger than ever!
And now, do the Communists imagine such a vain thing as to think they will succeed where others have failed? Impossible! Better they try blotting out the literal sun than attempt to eclipse and destroy the shining of the true Sun of Righteousness, the glorified Christ. Officially puny men may ban and outlaw God’s witnesses, but all good and honest people of Soviet Germany know that by God’s grace and in His strength His faithful witnesses will continue preaching this good news of the new world kingdom, whether chained or free, whether inside or outside of prison, whether above oh under ground!—Romans 8:35-39; 2 Corinthians 11:23-28; Ephesians 6:18-20; Colossians 4:2-4.
-True and False
ACCORDING to both the Bible and the dictionary, religion is a form of worship. The apostle James speaks of a “form of worship” which the old Latin-speaking Christians called religio1 (See James 1:27, New World Trans., footnote.) Webster defines religion as being, among other things, “The service and adoration of God or a god as expressed in forms of worship in obedience to divine commands?’
Man’s faculties of reason, imagination, conscience and emotion all play their part in causing him to worship, fear and seek to please someone greater than himself But without knowledge of the true religion he gropes blindly and erects an altar to an "Unknown God”.
The true religion should teach us to know and reverence the true God. It should show us the way to life and should appeal to our reason by being consistent with itself and in harmony with the known facts. It should give us an appreciation of what is right and wrong, and free us from error, superstition and fear. Of the many religions in the world, which one meets these requirements?
Hinduism and Buddhism
One of the oldest living organized religions in the world is Hinduism. In this religion the thing of paramount importance is caste. “No one is interested in what his neighbor believes, but he is very much interested in knowing whether he can eat withhEoESbiSterifam hlshandg.’1 There are four main castes which in turn are divided into 3,000 castes and 10,000 subcastes. Caste j§_ hereditary and dejter^ mines oqcj^aTjomMost Wretched were the outcastes or the “untouchables’1 who, because of violating the rules of their caste, were considered as being without caste. Their very shadow was deemed to defile one with caste. Gandhi in particular championed their cause and on April 30, 1947, the Constituent Assembly in India in framing the new constitution adopted a proposal that abolished untouchability.
Hinduism has 300 million deities which are worshiped in some ten thousahdTSn-ples where, among other ceremonies, plial-iic rites are qlsp performed. According to Tlmduisniman has"a1souTwhich at death transmigrates to a more or less favorable state, depending upon his conduct during life, until one reaches reunion with the “Supreme Soul”, known as nirvana. To the lower classes nirvana means a riotous existence of joy in some other world. The Ganges river and its dirty water, as well as the cowj together with her dung and urine, are considered particularly holy by the Hindus.1
Buddhism is a protestant Hindu movement begun about 2,500 years ago by a Hindu prince, Gautama, who later became known as Buddha, the “Enlightened One”. Jie taught_that a]l^existence^ was eVU1 a Spiritual prmci^e^estraine^in amatSial body, and that by__a series of transm jgra-tions man^woult^ reacjpmryana, total non-SistSceT^uSdha^ecognizedrno deity, offered no hope of a future life of bliss, and had no use for prayer and other forms of worship. Such a teaching failed to appeal to the masses and so his missionaries gradually made concessions; a tHmtarian deity was introduced, to whom prayer^ could be directed, and a rosary to assist their devotions Sope of Keavenlybliss was held out and relics oegan w oe collected, chief of which now is a tooth of Buddha.2
Taoism, Confucianism and Shinto
Taoism (pronounced “douism”) literally means “The Way” and is said to be the oldest of the personally founded religions of China, its founder being one^ao-tse (604-517 B.C.). He crystallized the etlHES and _philosophy of Chin a up to his day rather than bringing forth anything new. While originally Taoism was merely an ethical way of living, it gradually became even more religiousand magical than other Oriental religions. Says the Encyclopedia Americana: Especially in the third century B.C., emperor and folk alike, under the leadership of Taoist priests, jseg-lected labor to search for the elixir of life and^oi^ovver^to^transmutejasc^^tffi rnfcTgoIcT77 TaoGm"hash^^ monasferies, pope, trinity, immortality of the soul and purgatory, even as some Western religions haye.
Regardinj^Confuciahisfa^ the Encyclopaedia BrifawtlM hulik Iha nt is a misleading term, for “Confucius is_nofthefoimder but the transmiUgr^of ^he^jLegchings of antiquity and the editor of^gqmqqL^the Sassics, According to this religion impersonal principles produced Heaven and Earth and all creatures, and the people are to be ruled bv jx?ni£rT, heaven-appointed patriarchal emperors.gonfuciusjQunseled ffie^eopIe^S^Ka^^gjittte^s^ssibie^td dcM^ttrffiejgodsTtSadually, however, his followers organized a religion that required the offering of sacrificesTo Heaven, Earthf uriperiar^ancesfors^ gbds^of^gram and ground, the sun, moon, cultural heroes including Confucius, etc.; one’s position Jn society determining to whom he might ottersuch sacrifices, j '
* See Awake I April 32, 1947. t See Awake/ March 22, 1950.
Shtnto (the “Divine Way”) is the national religion of Japan. According to it the gods first created the islands of Japan and made them the center of the" earth. The emperors are held to be the direct descendants of the gods. However, shortly after MacArthur issued his order abolishing the system of state Shinto for Japan Hirohito disavowed both the^ super jprity ofjthe Japanesg people to alLothers ang the^diyinity^of^the^e^^5r7^mongTfie things and creatures that the Shintoist Japanese have worshiped or still worship are animals, plants, sun (their foremost deity), moon, wind, earth, rocks, phalli-cism, and dead persons. Shinto is said to have some 800 thousand gods and in its modern form has been modified by both Buddhism and Confucianism.2
Islam and Judaism
Islam is the latest of the great Oriental religions to appear. Islam literally means “submission” and was founded by Mohammed early in the seventh century after Christ. Its basic teaching is “There is no god but Allah, and Mohammed is his prophet”, he claiming to be the latest and greatest of the seven great prophets, the others being Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Solomon and Jesus. Islam holds to both the immortality of the soul and the eternal torment doctrines. Mecca isjts holy city to which eachf^jthftil^MoJemr if at all possibler^n^JIia^^Teast one pjlgwmage^duwfig^Ffisiifetime. In Mecca is found the holy relic, a black meteor. the Koaba stone, which is built into a shrine and which the Moslem pilgrims must kiss seven times. Islam is a mixture of Arab paganism, Judaism and apostate Christianity, and today is split up into many sects.2
Judaism is divided into Orthodox and Reform (modern) Judaism. The orthodox
Judaism adheres strictly to Jewish tradition as containedTnlHeT^m^^TcIa^^ tohave faftfTin the Hebrew Scriptures jR^onTTJudaism rejects all such parts of fiie "MosaicLaw as,J ‘are inconsistent with our modern habits^ SETyiews^ and holds that “in composition and literary arrangement theLScriptures are only jhe. work of men with the un^oidable^nutatlOTis^of
ajTiT^bllnd belief in authority and exclusion” and advocates a “rational and humanitarian conception of religion”. The Reforrn moVcmeht had its beginning early in the nineteenth century in Germany and its religious services differ little from those helcTTAmostProfe^m^THmches”.
Catholic and Protestant Religions
Foremost (in numbers) among those religions claiming to be Christian is the Edman CafKblteTreligion. It claims to go back t<5 the^apbstle Peter, but actually this religion got its start with the fusion of the beliefs of an apostate
Christianity aioiicej A.D. when the pagan emperor iiued with the
advocates of the trinity doctrine and banished dissenters. And instead of Peter’s being the first pope, history shows that the first bishop of Rome to be recognized as pope by the rest of the Catholic world wbOA) i a1£M40. •
For many centuries the Catholic religion held undisputed sway over Europe, but in the fourteenth, and particularly in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, a reformation movement ended it and resulted in the formation of many Protestant religions. The various Protestant groups broke up into still more sects, and so today, according to the 1951 World Almanac, there are 265 religions in the United States alone. While Protestants discarded some of the minor teachings of the Catholic re-
• See Theocratic Aid to JZingdcm Publishers, Pub-liahe4 by Watchtower Society.
ligion, yet the Sina* bmiic naintet nt dnr-trine _tney nearly all have m common.
soup and^ternal 'tormenr^ Also, we find affpursuing the same course of action as regards big business, big politics and war, (For a cfiscussion of these points see “Let God Be True”.)
Oriental “Holy” Books
Some claim that all religions are all right. But how can they be right unless giey are founded upon the truth? andjiow ca^J^^aB^beJranded^jjgonjthe^^^^
the writings upon which theTffientalre-ligions are based do not even claim inspiration but are speculations on the mysteries of exTsience^containing more orJess moralarid-^etfiical observations^fiSgetnbr wittUmyths and legendST^
The sacred writings of the Hindus are the known as the Fou£ Books of Knowledge. Only^ehfghes^cast^ ffiHe^tt^nfeSor^lKese^anJ^eJo^^t c^te Jg_ji0t even peiroitted joread^hem According to the Vedas: “A woman should
never enjoy her own will,” and a prospective prosperous husband of 24 “may marrv a girl of eight years”.— Scrigt^rg^ (Browne). '
ca
camg^a ^god.”—Harvard^Clns^cs, vol 45, Regarding the merit and dependability
The scriptures of the Buddhists consist of the “Three Baskets rf W^om* . Representative of their contents is the following: “The Blessed One, moreover, was The Teacher, because he gave instructipn glso fo^anftnals. These, by listening to the Doctrine oflhe Blessed One, to conversion of the Chinese scriptures, the Classics, the
£hcycfog^dia^ri/anjMMstatg^jregarding Ene^oTlheniTlS^^ “The
want of harmony between the facts and the statements about them is patent to all scholars . . . pis ^Confucius’! example in the book has beeg very lnjurious toJiis country? One almost wishes that critical reasons could be found for denying its authenticity . . . The examination of his literary labours does not on the whole increase our appreciation of him/*
As for the writings of Tadism, note this gem taken from the “holy” book Tao Te King: “Therefore the_sage. in the exercise of Tn's government, empties the peoples’ minds, fills their bellies, weakens their wills, strengthens their bones, He_con-stantly tries to kee^them_without knowl-efige ahtTwithoutjesire, and where there are those who have knowledge, to keep them from p resum ing^toact upon it. Where there is this abstinence from action, good order is universal.”—Encyclopedia vol. 26, page 251.
Regarding the Shinto scriptures, the Kajiki or Records, S. E. Frost, Jr,, B.D., PfiU?, in his The Sacred Writing* of World's Great R^^ns, among other things states, feature of the Kojiki needs mentioning. Christian readers may find some parts of^t morally offensive, indeed, numerous passages are so objectionable to Western minds tijiitJljfLEiIlg-lish translator refused to render them into ^gBsh^^^Srned^L^jJfpjL^gJt^^-Jatipn.”
According to Mohammed, the Moslem scriptures, the jforaft, are uncreated and eternal, were brought down from the highest to the lowest heavens and then revealed, sura (series) by sura to him. of the lateFv^rses^ontraHicFeatiierjC^es. fornnstance?^ursr^7v^™^5Trstates, “Lettherebej^coinpuE^Jn^reli^ wHefeaS^§ufa~57versel2^r^ommands, “war against such of the unbelievers jis are your neighbors, and let them assuredly find rigor in you.” Even the very arrange-ment of the suras in the Koran rimpt igps the claim of inspiration, it being according to length rather than according to contents, topical, chronological, etc.
The Bible, Jehovah.^ Scriptures
What a striking contrast to the foregoing writings the Bible presents! The concept it reveals of the Supreme Being as the God at once omniscient and omnipotent, perfect in both justice and unselfishness, One who delights in mercy; the wisdom contained in its laws; its straightforwardness and candor; its understanding of human nature; its record of history which archaeological discoveries have verified time and time again; and, above all, its accurate foretelling of events—all these things stamp its claim to divine origin as true.
It advocates np caste or nationalistic or racial' systems/but tells that “God is"not partial”. (Acts 10:34, New World TransX Other religious AVfifmgs all contain the nc^attec^formoftheG^den^hot do^ootherTwKat^5iF8oTno^ others to do to you/ but the Bible gives it in its positive form: “All things, therefore, that you want men to do to you, you also must likewise do to them.” (Matthew 7:12, New - ----- —--'
World. Trans.) And the Greatest Teacher of all time, who spoke those words, Christ Jesus, also said, regarding his Father’s Word, the Bible: “Your word is truth.” Familiarity with its contents at once makes apparent the weaknesses ‘of other books" of religion. And not only docs iFlay bare the fallacies Of the Oriental religions, but also furnishes a canon or guide bv which we can determine which one of those religions claiming to be the true Christian religion really is such.
According to the Bible the pure religion first of all_ requires a knowledge of God, and then the-exercTse^oFfaith uponTEat EnowlgdS^HomanslSTTS;Hehrew?Tr?2,
World“fTansJ) li also requires the recognition of Christ Jesus as the Channel through whom one has access to God. And with such faith must go works, or else one’s faith is dead,-John 14:6; James 2:26.
Christ Jesus set the example as to what kind 5f works the~true religion requires, as well as giving precepts regarding xt, and his apostles" did the same. Their worship was sincere; they preached the good news of the Kingdom at every opportunity and in every conceivable manner; they made known God’s name to men; they witnessed to the truth; they kept separate from the world.—Matthew 28:19,20; Luke 8:1; John 4:7-14; 17:6; 18:36,37; Acts 8:4; 20:20; 1 Corinthians 11:1; James 1:27.
Look all around you Examine the various religions that claim to be the true one. Which one makes its appeal solely to the Bible, instead of to some creed or tradition or utterances of imperfect man? Which one implicitly obeys the commandments Christ Jesus gave and follows in his footsteps in preachingthe good news of the Kingdom? OFwfflch“religion "can it be saidthatre-gardless of differences in race and nationality They love one another as Christ Jesus lqyedjEfie^*?Whicirone^i$^ocatesT<eeping separate from the world? Regarding that one you may say, “This is the one faith. This is the true religion.”—Ephesians 4:5; New World Trans.
NORTHERN Rhodesia is ready to display its wares to the big game hunt
ers of the world. Little disturbed since the arrival of the white man in this vast territory, the game has thrived and multiplied m certain areas to magnificent proportions. And now, after careful planning by the organization built up to control Northern Rhodesia’s wild animals, the immense Luangwa valley, home of almost every African game species, is to be opened up to hunting parties.” This opening statement in a government pamphlet, called Big Game Safari^ excites interest.
Glancing quickly at a map one finds the Luangwa river running in a more or less north and south direction down through a valley by the same name, in the northeastern part of the country, near the very heart of Africa. But one must visit the region to be transported back to the Africa that existed centuries before the European entered the country. This place, known as a rift valley, Is v/alled In on either side by mountainous escarpments running several hundred miles and which form barriers that hinder and in places defy passage.
The valley’s greatest claim to fame and fortune, however, is the fauna which it holds in its bosom. During the dry season, when the water holes and small streams disappear, multitudes of wild animals congregate along the banks of the Luangwa river in almost unbelievable numbers. Here one finds in great abundance practically every kind of big game for which Africa is famous, besides innumerable smaller creatures. Now these are the “wares” that are being offered to American big game hunters in an effort to lure U. S. dollars into Northern Rhodesia.
Sanguine Carnival for Modern Nimrods
Hunters who are out to adorn the walls of their homes, dubs and sporting dens with trophies from this virgin field must pay a considerable sum for the privilege. The government supervises the whole business, conducting hunters in groups of four on a two-week safari at a cost of £200 ($561) per person. This indudes the services of an experienced game ranger, four African game scouts, and boys to care for the camp, cooking, etc. If “non-shooters” want to go along just to take photographs they may do so at a reduced rate, £150 ($420.75) each.
The high limit set on the number of animals each hunter is permitted to kill certainly impresses one with the extravagant waste of life and wanton slaughter allowed. Two elephants, four buffaloes and one each of the following: kudu, Cookson’s wildebeest, roan antelope, hartebeest, waterbuck, bushbuck, duiker, oribi, reedbuck, klipspringer, zebra, impala. The following may be killed without limit, since they are considered vermin: lions, leopards, hyenas, warthogs, bush pigs, baboons and crocodiles.
In the Lundazi district of the valley six camp sites have been established for the convenience of the hunters. These consist of three rondawel huts and a kitchen shelter. besides grass latrine and bath shelters. In addition to these six camps there is one in another district known as Chief Nsefu’s Game camp, an altogether different type, for there only shooting with a camera is permitted- Excellent opportunities for game photography are afforded— close-ups of elephants, rhinos and buffaloes—as well as superb studies of graceful antelopes. But for those interested, it is well to heed what the sportsman’s Handbook says: “Big game photography, however, can be a dangerous pursuit, so visitors are warned to have a reliable shot covering them when taking pictures.”
This is a prudent warning for those “citified” people coming out here who have only seen docile elephants performing at a circus or eating peanuts in a zoo, and who underestimate these big fellows as clumsy creatures. In his native habitat the elephant can be anything but docile or clumsy. Notoriously poor of eyesight, yes, but equipped with extremely keen senses pf hearing and smell, they can quickly locate an enemy when aroused and charge them with the speed of an express train. The African elephant is a formidable sight when charging. His enormous ears fanned out on each side of his head, in some cases reaching a spread of fifteen feet, give him the appearance of a mountainside bearing down on one. Professional ivory hunters have fervent respect for this monarch, and some of the old-timers with whom this correspondent has conversed estimate that a few years ago the average life of an Ivory hunter was only about five years.
It may be observed in passing that the elephant can be made to work as a beast of burden. There is a school in the Belgian Congo to the north of here where the African elephant has been successfully trained to do domestic duties comparable to those long performed by his cousin in India. And so in a machinery-short country like Africa this fact underscores the gross sin in allowing a wanton killing off of these majestic creatures just for the sport of it.
Hunters Bisk Being Hunted
Let all visitors to this section take note that Homo sapiens is not the only one that knows how to hunt; some of the native beasts have quite a reputation themselves. Once a lion acquires the taste for human flesh he becomes as bold and daring in his pursuit as any two-legged Nimrod. A long-time resident of this area relates an experience he had with the “local Hon” here a few years ago. He and his native helpers were sleeping practically surrounded by fires yet Mr, Leo crept in and made off with a native.
The buffalo must also be respected. Most numerous of the big game in this valley, they travel in groups of five or six, or sometimes several hundred may be encountered. Usually if left strictly alone they mind their own business, but when angered it is said that no more deadly or cunning a foe will be found in the whole animal kingdom. They may lay perfectly motionless until a pursuer is upon them and then like a flash they are upon their feet charging. Not only do they bring the fierceness of their powerful horns to bear, they use their cruel hoofs too, pawing and trampling until a victim is a mass of pulp. Particularly dreaded and feared is their strategy of circling back on their tracks and attacking pursuers from the rear.
Visitors to this, resourceful valley may have the misfortune of meeting up with another very dangerous inhabitant, the black rhinoceros. In fact, this character is so extremely short-tempered and belligerent, with apparently no sense of humor, it is wise if at all possible to avoid him completely. They are known to attack elephants twice their size. Rhinos have poor eyesight, but their sense of smell and sharp ears more than make up for the handicap. However, their main weapons are the two horns on their ugly head. The one on their nose measures up to 43 inches and the one in the middle of their forehead is as much as 21 inches. When charging they hurl as much as three tons of weight at a target at a speed faster than a man can run.
Gentle Creeluremf the Jungle
Leaving the more vicious members to their own company, the visitor can meet many peaceful African animals in this valley, as for example the tall, gawky giraffe. This is one of the few places where they can still be found. Then there are the chubby striped zebras that one is bound to see because of multitude. A close watch will be rewarded by a glimpse of as many as sixteen varieties of antelope—some numbering in the thousands and some very rare, some, like the giant eland, as much as 5 or 6 feet in height at the shoulder, and some as tiny as the duiker, a mite just over a foot in height.
The valley is also a great sanctuary for members of the feathered realm. Many types of ducks and geese are here, and several varieties of quail, francolin, guinea fowl and grouse are scattered over the foothills and at the bases of the escarpments. Not only the muddy banks of the Luangwa and its numerous tributaries, but also the streams themselves swarm with an abundance of wildlife. Around most all the pools and streams crocodiles are to be found basking in the warm sunshine, and there is hardly a stretch of the river that does not have its own particular school of hippopotami. Throughout the night their presence is manifest by the sound of their splashing and grunting. In fact, the noise of the jungle denizens—the mixed chorus of grunts, squeals, growls and roarings— will long linger in the memory of all who visit this more or less untouched region.
All who have in mind the promises of Jehovah God eagerly look forward to the time in the near future when universal and eternal peace will settle down even in Luangwa valley. Neither dollar shortage nor the sportsman’s “thrill” to kill will cause hunters to invade and spoil this lovely region. Perfect friendship with absence of fear will be the lot of all creation.
“There Will Be No Gestapo Witch Hunts”
PUBLIC opinion can be a cruel thing. When a current of feeling attains the proportions of mass sentiment, when the majority think along the same lines, the way of minority thinkers becomes hard. The majority brand the minority with all the names and characteristics of the hated enemy.
< American public opinion, and the opinion of most countries closely tied to America, is jelling into a hard core of hate and fear of communism. What to do about communism and how to do it are pretty clearly defined ideas in the minds of the majority. There are others who oppose communism just as ardently but have different opinions as to what should be done and how it should be done. There are some who strive to retain a balance of mind to the point of uttering the unthinkable fact that even communism's enemies can be in some measure to blame for the world’s woes, and that all would not be roses if there were no communist menace. There are some who go so far as to say that no worldly power can eradicate curses like communism and establish a righteous order of peace and security —but that such a cleansing work will have to be wrought by powers greater than men and nations.
< Such minority thinkers and unorthodox spokesmen are the scapegoats of the majority. But such abuse is not becoming, even from the majority. It is the opinion of the United States attorney general, J. Howard McGrath, that such abuse is more harmful than the opinions of the minority. Pseudopatriots, who ignorantly brand the unorthodox minority group of Christians known as Jehovah's witnesses as "communists” and who “play right into the communists' hands", would do well to consider this: There are over one hundred thousand Jehovah's witnesses actively preaching their Bible message every month throughout the United States. Jehovah’s witnesses have been thoroughly investigated by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. That investigation has not altered the activities or message of Jehovah’s witnesses one lota, and the witnesses increase in numbers every month. Yet the attorney general declares **we have the Communist fifth column well under control”.
C Evidently Attorney General McGrath must refer to some one other than Jehovah’s witnesses, and their maligners should be at ease about their having anything in common with communism. Speaking on the subject of the present hysterical practice of branding ev«y nonconformist with the Red label, Mr. McGrath declared in a Jackson Day address on January 13 at Springfield, Missouri, among others things (New York Times, January 14, 1951):
C “We have an efficient Federal Bureau of Investigation to prevent sabotage and to keep track of Communist espionage, maneuverings and conspiracies." “But," he continued, J. Edgar Hoover and I are determined that there will be no gestapo witch hunts—that basic civil rights of the individual will be securely protected and defended as guaranteed by the fundamental law of the land."
< Discussing public feeling during the current emergency, the attorney general said he had been “concerned about those who would smear every opposition sentiment with the label of communism—men who would penalize the thinking of unorthodox thoughts, or the writing of nonconformist words". He asserted: "Those who pose as the saviors of aur nation by seeking to abridge beyond reason our tradition of democratic freedom are as dangerous to American liberties as the Communists themselves. For in destroying that fabric of democracy and reason, they play directly into V16 hands of the Kremlin’s agents. We must be ever alert and on guard to protect the rights of the constructive critic. We must be careful to use the words ‘disloyal’ and ‘subversive’ with caution. They should not be used as synonyms for 'critical’ and ‘uno rtho dox*.’ '-—Con tributed.
By “Awake!” correipondent in Australia
AUSTRALIA is a big place, and, per capita, one of the wealthiest countries in the world. In square miles it is the same size as the United States, but its population is less than the population of New York city, only 7,579,358 people. So if you can picture the United States with only the population of New York city as its sole inhabitants, then you have a fairly good picture of what Australia is like, with only seven and one-half million persons spread over its 2,947,581 square miles.
Of the total population, but 20,000 are known to be members of the Australian Communist Party, the communists’ governing body in Australia. But the power and influence of communism, exercised chiefly through the trade unions, is immeasurably greater than the figure suggests. The party dominates some of the most important industrial organizations, its members hold executive positions in others, and they exert increasing influence on many unions still under what are called “moderate” officials.
Hence, despite their obvious minority, the communists boast that independent of Parliamentary representation they can effectively control Australia through the trade unions. Being a minority has not hindered them any more than it has the Com
munist party in Russia which governs a population of 170 million, while itself a party that in 1947 claimed a membership of a mere 6,300/100. To illustrate their point is the fact that in the last Australian Federal elections 87,958 persons voted for communist candidates. While but a fraction of the total vote, this is over four times the official Australian Communist Party membership.
Up until only a few years ago, most Australians thought of the Communist party as an ordinary political organization; but over the last five years it has been brought home to even the unconcerned that the communists, through union and other influence, are following a program of fomenting dissatisfaction among all classes of workers, developing class hatred; and by a series of worker-strikes they have shown how they can ruin overseas trade (as in the Indonesian case), break the city’s power supplies, and thus bring the state to a halt.
Therefore, when the leader of the Liberal party announced in his policy speech before the 1949 Federal elections that among other things he would take steps to destroy the communists’ grip in Australia, his party was overwhelmingly voted into power. Four months later, in April 1950, Mr. Menzies as prime minister introduced to the House of Representatives at Canberra what has become known as the “anti-Red bill”.
The Bill and Its Main Objections In the preamble to the bill are the recitals that the Communist party in Australia (1) aims at establishing a dictatorship of the proletariat; (2) seeks the overthrow of the present government and attainment of its own ends by force; (3) is part of a world-wide communist party known to engage in sabotage to gain these ends; (4) and (5) is a menace to the security and smooth operation of many Australian industries vital to the land’s defense.
There are six main provisions of the bill itself:
(1) Dissolution of the Australian Communist Party,
(2) Provision that any associations controlled by communists or advocating communism may be declared unlawful. Such bodies have the right to appeal to the High Court of Australia but will have the onus of proving themselves innocent.
(3) Officers and members of unlawful associations are under penalty of imprisonment to cease their activities.
(4) Where a' person was a member of such bodies and the government is satisfied that ‘any activities of that person are likely to be prejudicial to the defense of the commonwealth, he may be declared. The declared one may appeal to the High Court but will have the onus of proving himself innocent The onus of proof shifts to the crown if he gives evidence.
(5) Any person so declared will be disqualified from employment under the commonwealth,
(6) If the government (governor general formally) is satisfied that members of an industrial organization (a union) are engaged in “key industries'* vital to the defense, that organization may be declared accordingly. The result is that a person declared under provision 4 shall be disqualified from holding office in that organization or union. No disability is imposed on the organization. (Communists are defined as persons who have been members or officers of the Communist party since May 10,1948, the last day of the congress at which the party’s constitution was adopted.)
House and Senate reactions by different factions within the opposition Labor party proved interesting. Against those who thought the bill too severe ranged the Catholic faction who favored it chiefly on grounds of their religious organization’s commitments. Principal objections were directed against the clause known as the “onus of proof” clause, under which the person declared bears the burden of proving himself innocent. A great cry went up from all parts of the country that this clause was a “denial of the principles of British justice”. So it is, but it is not new.
British Justice on Trial
What are some of the basic principles of British justice as they apply to the individual? Briefly these include the principle that no man shall be detained without a charge being laid against him; that no man shall be imprisoned without a fair trial; and that an accused person shall be presumed innocent until he is proved guilty.
Yet in one of his decisions, the late Sir Frederick Jordan, when chief justice of New South Wales, indicated that Australia^ own National Security Act was guilty of flouting these very principles. It can be mentioned that this National Security Act was described by the Sydney Morning Herald as an act “which strikes at the very roots of Parliamentary government”. And this law was conceived, brought forth and used against the Australian people by the same R. G. Menzies during his first term as prime minister. So the “anti-Red” bill’s onus-of-proof clause is not original with it. Scattered feeble objections have previously been made to its enforcement, such as the comments referred to by Sir Frederick Jordan. But aside from talk, nothing has been done about it.
Other examples of crossing the line of these British principles can be cited As well. In the Crimes Act the statutes dealing with customs and revenue all provide that an official averment is to he taken as prima-facie proof of guilt. Similarly, the commissioner of taxation may, and sometimes does, exercise the most far-reaching rights of search and seizure of documents and cash.
And so it seems that many supposedly inherent British rights, particularly the assumption of innocence until proved guilty, have been side-tracked, altered and whittled away until mere shadows of their former weight- Indeed, the reverse of the assumption of innocence is now almost the rule rather than the exception. Though some Labor senators were highly indignant about this provision of the bill, it is curious to note that they did not object to the same clause when it first appeared in the National Security Act.
Other arguments flared up and delay after delay occurred to block passage of the bill. At one stage the government threatened to dissolve Parliament and go to the people on the issue. Finally, however, the Labor Party executive directed that all opposition was to be withdrawn and the bill eventually became law on October 20, 1950, six months after its introduction.
Issue Carried to the Courts
With the bestowal of royal assent, making the act law, the Communist party and ten unions immediately rushed to the High Court to challenge the validity of the act. Communist union bosses squealed “treachery to the workers”; militant communist organizers raced around in all directions to fix stop-work meetings as protests against the bill. Meanwhile, after the preliminaries, the High Court settled down to some steady listening. The hearing lasted twenty-three days, at an estimated cost of about £28,000 so far. And now the Judgment of the court is awaited.
In the interim the act is suspended, the tumult and shouting have died for the time, the lawyers have stepped aside and the communists are pursuing a policy of aggressive silence.
The communists in Australia have been rightly attacked for their industrial agitation and other forms of fomenting strife and civil chaos to further their revolutionary aims. But no word has been uttered against their campaign to discredit Almighty God. It is true, the Catholic Church has raised a bit of a shout now and then from her sheltered pulpits, but not in honor of God; rather to attract attention to herself. Literally hundreds of people have offered themselves as exposers of communism, but none have seen fit to reveal the communist plan to turn followers and fellow travelers into a pack of atheists.
In interesting contrast to communists and to Christendom, Jehovah’s witnesses are not involved in politics, commerce or false religion. They are only interested in drawing people’s attention to the promises of Jehovah as set out in the Bible. It is because communism seeks to take the place of God’s kingdom and induces multitudes to turn away from the Creator that they now bear witness against this godlessness.
In Australia, as in all the world, Jehovah’s witnesses observe impartially the battle for political supremacy and the plight of the perplexed people caught in between. Knowing God’s Word, they realize that communism is no antidote for Christendom’s failures, and that its day of final judgment at the hand of the God it denies is near. From that there will be no appeal.
…