Consolation, September 13, 1944
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Contents
In Brief
Religious Russia, Orlemanski, and the Vatican 3
The “Little Father"
Patriarch of All Russia
Rome’s Nose Out of Joint
Jesuits Answer the Archbishop
“Within the Church”
Death Comes for the Patriarch
Sauce for the Goose
The Poles and Orle
Stalin Is Interested
The “National Conference” “Interfaith” Front 14
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From the City Where the Great Persecutions of 1940 Started 15
“Thy Word Is Truth”
Identifying the Messiah (Continued) Gilead College Graduates Its Third Class United States Treasury Responsibilities
What the Vatican Is Working For
Where Was Jesus? < *
Presenting “This Gospel of the Kingdom” Vary Your Sentence Structure!
The World’s Worst Government I
Lucian of Antioch __________ - 9 Lucian Was a Poor Boy “The Thoughts of the Wise”
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Traveling and Shooting Stars
♦ All the stars “go places”, but a new star, or at least a star newly discovered by the astronomer of Indiana University, moves at such a speed that it could go around the earth 530 times in one day. Stated in other phrase, it has a speed of 550,000 miles an hour. There are only a half dozen stars known to exceed this velocity. The speed of stars is measured from photographs taken at different times.
Of the 15,000,000 shooting stars that bombard the earth’s atmosphere every 24 hours, most are entirely consumed before reaching the ground. Friction with earth’s atmosphere causes a heat exceeding 600,000 degrees. Calculating that these little stars, of an average weight of one-fourth of an ounce, fall upon the earth at the rate of 50,000 tons a year (calculated from the residuum left in the polar snows), it would take 800,000,000 years to lay down a film an inch thick over the entire globe. It is well established that shooting stars are parts of comets that have broken up.
Besides the true shooting stars, most of which are instantly burned to nothing when they hit the earth’s atmosphere, there are a very few massive meteoric bodies which sometimes reach the earth’s surface. In Siberia, June 30, 1908, a meteor destroyed forest trees for twenty miles on every side, with their tops pointing away from the place of impact. Of the 250 meteors collected and placed on exhibition only about 20 were seen to fall. Those which are seen frequently split up into hundreds of fragments. There are no known human deaths from falling meteors, though one went through the roof of a house in Scotland December 3, 1917; and also at Brunau, Bohemia, July 14,1847, three children were covered with debris in the bed in which they were sleeping, but were uninjured. *
CONSOLATION
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‘‘And in His name shall the nations hope.”—Matthew 12:21, A.R.V.
Volume XXV Brooklyn, N. Y., Wednesday, September 13, 1944 Number 652
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Religious Russia, Orlemanski, and the Vatican
I A FTER the overthrow of czardom the [ ax religious business in Russia was i investigated and it was found that there j was something definitely rotten about it. | The “bleeding Christ” at Kiev, which had attracted so many pilgrims, had a ! mechanically controlled reservoir of । blood which could be operated at pro-i pitious moments, and the figure on the i crucifix would present an even more r gruesome appearance than usual. When r the machinery was discovered it could 1 not but shake the “faith” of the idolaters, and the business, of course, went bank-i rupt. In other parts of Russia incorrupt!; ible bodies of saints were found to be j made of cotton, stuffed and painted. ! There is something peculiarly uninspir-■, ing about a cotton saint who has been : found out, and religion suffered a * further set-back.
i Russian priests, for the most part, were no more intelligent than priests elsewhere, and when in countless villages they forbade the peasants to use tractors on the supposition that they were '“devil machines”, their getting in the way of progress could have only one result. The people found out that they had been lied to about this, and concluded that they had been lied to on other subjects as well, and the priests, many of them, had to “go peddle fish” or whatever they could find to peddle that would bring better returns than religion.
Yet, error dies hard, and many clung to the delusions that were a substitute for God and His worship. The religious people treasured their icons, plain and fancy pictures in frames, flat or embossed, painted or carved. The “faith” of the peasants was inextricably bound up with the religious objects that appealed to their artistic sense or their ,ove of the mysterious. The icon is the Russian idol, not quite a graven image in the estimation of the priests, but as close to it as they could get, yet avoiding the absolute and bold use of statues characteristic of the heathen. Such was religion in .Orthodox Russia, and its adjuncts. There was, besides, much ritual and ceremony, including processions and liturgy of great length. Religion, while making no great use of the intellect,. must nevertheless keep the mind occupied in some manner. Ceremony was the answer.
The Russian Orthodox Church was the chief religion of czarist Russia. It was a branch of the Orthodox Church of the East, which had its center in Greece. This religious organization entered Russia in 988, at which time Prince Vladimir, of Kiev, ordered the mass baptism of all his subjects, whether they wanted to be baptized or not. The religious shepherds were for a long time appointed by the ruler of the state. The church grew to be an exceedingly powerful institution, and the bishop of Moscow, in 1589, assumed the power of a patriarch. At the beginning of the seventeenth century about eight percent of the population were held under the serfdom of the church, who owned these unfortunates outright and the rest were under its religious domination.
The “Little Father”
Peter the Great felt that the church had too much power, and took steps to remedy the matter. He abolished the patriarchate and instituted in its stead a “holy synod” of ecclesiastics, but these were increasingly under the direction of a layman, who was called the “high procurator”. Besides, all the members of the council or synod were appointed by the ruler, not by the people or the priests. The clergy took this arrangement at first with bad grace, but adjusted themselves to the inevitable, and in time learned to teach that while God was the Great Father, the czar was the “Little Father” and therefore head of the church. The clergy, in the beginning of the present century, co-operated with the secret service of the czar, with the result that thousands of their too trusting 'flock were imprisoned or exiled.
There were some few of the clergy who made public protest against the use of the confessional for spying. One of these was Gregory Petrov, who described the Russian Orthodox Church as follows:
We have today, after nineteen centuries of preaching, individual Christians, separate persons, but no Christianity; there is no Christian legislation, our customs and morals are no longer Christian. There exists no Christian government. It is strange [wrong] to speak of the Christian world. The mutual relations of the various people are altogether contrary to the spirit of the Gospel; . . .
The ruling regular clergy, with its cold, heartless, bony fingers, has stifled the Russian church, killed its creative spirit, chained the gospel itself, and sold the church to the government. There is no outrage, no crime, no perfidy of the state authorities which the monks who rule the church would not cover
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with the mantle of the church, would not bless, would not seal with their own hands.
The Revolution.
In 1905, when the revolution was brewing, the “holy synod” made a proclamation which was revealing in its misapplication of Scripture, saying:
Our enemies wish to shake the foundations of our orthodox faith and autocratic power of the czars. . . . Fear God, honour the czar . .. submit to every power ordained of God . . . to toil according to God’s ordinance in the sweat of the brow.
When the revolution of 1917 took place the church owned about 18,000,000 acres of land and had an income of some 500 million rubles yearly, holding bank deposits of 8,000,000,000 rubles. But it still could not sympathize with the people who were starving and hounded to death by the czarist regime. Those who had any connection with the revolution were addressed by the “holy patriarch”, now newly chosen, as follows:
By the authority which •' is given us from God, we forbid you to approach the sacraments of Christ, we anathematize you, if you still bear Christian names, and even by your birth belong to the Orthodox Church.
We also conjure all you faithful children of the Orthodox Church not to enter into any kind of association with these monsters of the human race; put away from yourselves that wicked person.
The revolution countered by disestablishing and disendowing the church: no more support, whether financial of otherwise, would come from the state. Then, in 1921, came the famine. The churches still had vast treasures. The people had to be fed. Some of the churches’ wealth must be used to feed the hungry and clothe the naked. Many of the clergy resisted, with the result that in the bitter struggle 45 of the clergy were executed, and 250 given long terms of imprisonment. There was a revolt in the church against the religious leaders, and a split resulted. The “Old” and the “New” church continued side by side for a time.
Other Religious Bodies
Besides the 4,225 Orthodox churches, with its 5,665 priests, there, are in the Soviet Union (which now includes most of Poland), 1,744 Roman Catholic churches and its 2,309 priests; nine Armenian Gregorian churches; about 1,000
’ societies and groups affiliated with the All-Union Council of Evangelical Chris? tians; 1,011 synagogues, and 1,312 Mohammedan mosques. Before the revolu-t tion Christian sects not of the Orthodox f - ■ ___________
> church were often persecuted. These [ sects also came into conflict with the authorities after the revolution, and the
: decrees of 1929 ' -'
(1) Ordered the registration of religious societies and religious organizations;
(2) Forbade religious bodies to organize
p co-operatives and collectives, etc.;
(3) Forbade special Bible meetings, prayer I meetings, children’s, youth, and women's [meetings;
j , (4) Allowed only those books necessary for the celebration of the cult to be kept in i churched;
[ (5) Confined religious teaching to approved ■ theological courses.
The Soviet claims this is not persecution, but if these stringent and restric-[ tive rules are violated, the result would doubtless be persecution, and they cer-; tainly do not speak well of the kind of liberty accorded individuals to worship i God and serve Him according to the dic-; tates of their conscience. When Bible and ■prayer meetings are forbidden freedom \ of worship is only a form; for where
knowledge is withheld freedom has no i room for growth. It is putting freedom in splints and depriving it of that strength which alone will maintain it.
There is a definite difference between
religion and true worship. But religion has again come into its own in Russia. For a long time indeed it has been lying low and biding its time, making the best of a bad situation and knowing that ‘the god of this world, who blinds the minds of them that believe not’, was still on its side. (2 Corinthians 4:4) True, the religious hierarchy had gotten itself in rather bad by denouncing the revolution and the various measures adopted by the revolutionaries to maintain their power and keep the ship of the Union on an even keel. The Russian Orthodox church weathered many storms, riding more or less alongside the ship of the Union, but keeping aloof too. But finally the war came along; and that is always a good time for religious advancement. The church again was given a patriarch.
Patriarch of All Russia
Sergius, patriarch of all Russia, had no doubt about what should be done now. He exhorted that all good Orthodox Russians fight the invading Nazi hordes to a fare-ye-well finish. It was good. Stalin observed the conversion of Orthodoxy to Communism with satisfaction. After all, * < the people needed religion, he concluded. They seemed to want it, even if they had been told for well over two decides that religion was the opiate of the people. So let them have it. He could even use it in a restrained sort of way to meet the problems that piled up on every hand.
Like all dictators, Stalin had come to see that the people wanted a god, and if one was smart, it was well to get in linn with the god who is ready to give a man parts of all the kingdoms of the world, provided he can get away with it, and also provided that that same man falls down to worship or at least deigns to acknowledge the power and the methods of the said god.—Matthew 4: 8-10.
True, the Soviet Union had followed a fairly tolerant policy toward all religion for some time, and the “persecutions”, resulting from religious opposition to Communist aims, had abated. The state was indifferent to religion. It had on its hands more pressing problems than ritual, ceremony and religious processions. But it began to see the utility of these things, if only as a means of diversion from grim reality. So, while the “troublesome” sects and Bible studies had to be prohibited, the religious Orthodox arrangement could be given considerable encouragement, even to the extent of permitting the “New Church” which had hitherto had the support of the state to pass out of the picture and bringing all who had supported it into
the Old church again, which became and is now to all intents and purposes the state church. Other communions have a nominal “liberty”, but the Orthodox communion dominates the picture.
Rome's Nose Out of Joint
It may not be exactly felicitous to say that the development of things religious in Russia put Rome’s symbolical nose out of joint, but, in any event, the Vatican had not exactly anticipated this situation. To find the Orthodox church of Russia back in the place of favor was something of a blow to the Vatican, which had been fondly envisaging the return of the erring children of Russia to the Papal fold. Had not “prayers” been offered up for years for the “conversion” of Russia, etc., etc.? And had not the Roman Hierarchy consistently attacked the “godless Communists” who were “persecuting the church”? In the words of “Rev.” Dr. Guy Emory Shipler, editor of The Churchman,
The propaganda against Russia has been done skillfully and continuously by some oi its [the Sloman Catholic church’s] best leaders, among them Msgr. Fulton J. Sheen, whose propaganda, along wi^h that of Father Joseph Thorning, against the republic of Spain was so effective in misleading millions of citizens of the United States.
Nor was Russia unaware of the constant attacks of the Vatican and its supporters in the United States and elsewhere. /
In 1937 Pius XI said that “Cojnmu-nism is intrinsically wrong, and no one who would save Christian civilization may collaborate with it in any undertaking whatsoever”.
It was, therefore, not entirely “unmerited” that the Russian patriarch should express himself with respect to the position of the pope, and that his words should be given publicity on, a wide scale, challenging the claim of the pope that he was the vicar of Christ on earth, and no one else. Sergius, metropolitan of Moscow, and patriarch of all
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Russia, referred to scriptures which showed that Christ promised to be pres* ent with His people “even unto the end of the world”, hence no vicar was needed; This was in April of this year.
Archbishop Garbett Qf York (primate of England) heartily agreed with Sergius, remarking that the Church of England is more in agreement with the Russian Orthodox church than with the Catholic Hierarchy.
The archbishop was in New York at the time. He had, the previous autumn, visited Russia and the then newly-elected patriarch Sergius, being present at what the papers called “an impressive religious ceremony”. The Chicago Herald Tribune offered this, in part:
Not in years has Moscow witnessed so exalted a church service as that which took place this morning in the Cathedral of the Epiphany. It was a special service dedicated to prayer for “the gift of victory”. What gave it a particular festiveness and solemnity was the presence at the altar of the Most Rev. Cyril Forster Garbett, archbishop of York. In his robe of blue and gold brocade and a tiara of similar colors he made an impressive appearance. ... In his crown of gold and jewels and his resplendent vestments, the full-bearded and heavy-set patriarch made a stately appearance. So did members of the Holy Synod and the other churchmen, all in gilded vestments and ornate Byzantine headgear. Three deacons with rich vibrant baritone voices took turns reciting and chanting the litany in old and melodious Slavonic. Bright with candlelight and the splendor of clerical garb, the church presented a magnificent spectacle, perhaps as magnificent as any it has ever witnessed.
Henceforth let none say that religion is persecuted in Russia. Certainly not the Orthodox religion, whatever may be the case as to prayer meetings and Bible studies, which are apparently out.
In consequence of what he saw and did in Russia, the primate of England could say that he found Russia religious, and was so reported by the obliging press. “Vast crowds, exceeding 10,000 persons,
CONSOLATION
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( attended the services in which he partie-ipated, crowding around him afterward with cries of ‘English Archbishop, thank you, thank you’,” said the primate. “Their ages Ranged from young to middle age. Reports that the majority of them were old the archbishop dismissed as sheer nonsense.” [It was probably Hierarchy propaganda, also carried in the papers.]
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Jesuits Answer the Archbishop
The Jesuits did not especially like what the patriarch of Russia and the archbishop of York had to say about the pope and his vicarship. They came back with this, via Wilfrid Parsons, of Washington:
It seems to me unfortunate at this time that the Russian patriarch, echoed later in this country by the Anglican archbishop of York, should have raised the question of what they call the “papal claims”. .
As a purely theological question this has been a matter of dispute between the Catholic church in communion with the pope on one side, and on the other the Russian Greek church and the Anglican church for many centuries. It does not come under the head of news that these two high dignitaries reject the pope. . -
Which may all be very true, but there was probably some reason for mentioning it once again, particularly in view of the papal claim to a seat at the peace table.
“Within the Church”
The archbishop of York made what was called a categorical statement with regard to freedom of religion in Russia in the following words:
But today complete freedom of worship and teaching within the church is granted equally to the Roman Catholics, to the Baptists, and to the other churches which can be found in this vast republic. . . . There is no doubt at all that religious freedom is, now gfanted . . . and more than that, the authorities discourage any kind of scorn or contempt being, poured upon religion.
There are two points in this statement, and they may have been carefully worded, too, that raise the question of the right to teach outside of the church, as Jesus did, or pouring ‘contempt and scorn upon religion’ as was done by Him and recorded in Matthew 23 and in other parts of the Scripture. It appears that while “religion” is free in Russia, freedom to worship and serve God is wanting.
Death Comes for the Patriarch
Sergius did not continue long as patriarch of all Russia. He died of a brain hemorrhage on May 15, a little more than a month after he made this statement with regard to the pope of Rome and his claims. The papers, somehow, linked his death with his “attack on the pope” in a rather peculiar way. Closely approximating the Catholic proverb, “He who touches the pope dies!” one had this to say:
“Russ patriarch, who challenged pope, dies at 78.”
It would appear, from the papers, that it is still dangerous to ‘challenge the pope’. Sergius was said to have been the spiritual leader of some 100,000,000 Orthodox Russian Christians.
Sergius was buried under the floor of Moscow Cathedral. In evidence of his position in Russia, the Information Bulletin of the embassy of U.S.S.R. made the following statement:
The death of this eminent churchman and patriot was unexpected. On May 14 he performed the divine service and inducted a new bishop, Makar of Mozhaisk. Just before his death he also presided at a meeting of the holy synod. The body of the patriarch lay in state in the Cathedral of the Epiphany in Yelokhovskaya Square in Moscow, reposing on a high pedestal and almost buried under wreaths and flowers. By the testament of the late patriarch, opened after his death, Alexei, metropolitan of Leningrad, has been appointed patriarchal incumbent.
This reverential report further testifies to religion’s position in Russia as reflected in the attitude of the embassy.
Have "Their Own Cfeurcft”
Obviously the Russians have "their own church” (in the language of many who are startled at the presentation of some Scriptural truth). This fact, along with the Catholic Hierarchy’s emphasis on the rights of property, may account for its coolness toward Russia. It does not particularly welcome the competition that a renewed and invigorated Russian Orthodox church may present, in union with a moderated Communism.
This may account for the fact that the bishops of the Roman Hierarchy in the . United States took issue with those who hailed the Moscow conference agreements as a long step in the direction of peace. Their statement read:
No nation has, under God, authority to invade family freedom, abrogate private ownership, or impede, to the detriment of the common good, economic enterprise, co-operative undertakiAgs for mutual welfare, and organized works of charity sponsored by groups of citizens.
That sounds all right, and should apply equally to the Hierarchy. Its activities have, in the past, not always indicated that it was particularly solicitous for the common good. The bishops’ statement was a premeditated effort to put a crimp in the possible success of the aims of the conference. They had an eye on Poland, too.
Since 1933 the Hierarchy has taken advantage of what openings were available to keep itself before the Russian eye. When the mutual recognition agreement between the United States and Russia was signed, the protocol regarding religious freedom gave the Hierarchy an opportunity which it was not slow to grasp. Forthwith a Roman Catholic priest was sent to Moscow, ostensibly to minister to American Catholics in the U.S.S.R., but also, one may be sure, to keep an eye on things. Theoretically other groups would have a similar right to send ministers to Russia, but it is probable that they were not as successful as the Hierarchy (with Roosevelt
backing) in getting their representatives । into the Soviet’s domain. i ’
The priest sees to it that he regularly ■ holds services for Russians killed in battle. *
Numerically, of course, the Greek Orthodox church is by far the strongest in Russia. The Roman Catholic church cannot claim any comparable status there. But it nevertheless makes its claims and demands. Addressing the Get-Together Club of Hartford, Professor Vladimir D. Kazakevich, of Cornell and Columbia universities, said,
The Greek Church is a proud and self-contained institution. Something that’s not talked of much in this country is the great strength of the Greek Orthodox world. [Guess why !] The two churches [Greek and Roman] have been at odds for 500 years and it will take an awful long time to bring them together. The Russian church lived by the Greek tradition, f p
A Clever Ruse
Consolation is by no means the only instrument that has noted and called attention to the co-operation between the Roman Hierarchy and the dictatorships. Certain it is that this tie-up has not escaped the notice of the Russian people. However, no statement appears to have been made by Moscow that attracted any undue attention until an article in Izvestia raised a furore in the American press. Izvestia is the official Soviet newspaper, and its declaration that the policy of the pope of Rome was pro-Fascist was received with mock-horror by practically the entire press of the United States, together with all its commentators. The joke is on the American people, however, who were not informed that the statement contained in Izvestia was copied from an American source, almost entirely. This source was the Foreign Policy Association of the U.S.A., which , had recently ended an exhaustive review of the foreign policy of the Vatican, conducted in a dispassionate and detached manner. This statement called attention
to the Lateran agreement between the j Vatican and Mussolini, followed by ■ decided political activity on the part of Italian priests in support of Fascism.
1 The pope's attitude on the conquest of Ethiopia was mentioned also by the
' American Association. On Italy’s attack ; on France and the pope’s silence, pro-’ Fascist activity of Italian cardinals, etc., Izvestia merely quoted, practically word for word, the statement of the American Association. Now what happens? The press of the United States, Rome-con-trojled, raises a great furore, although it had formerly passed over the statement almost in silence. The evident object of Rome and its tools was to discredit the statement and the facts it j presents by associating it with a Rus-:* sian source, and charging it to Communistic atheism! The St. Louis Post Dispatch was one of the few papers that indicated the original source of the item. The London Catholic Herald also men-; tioned it. Commenting on an article in
Life magazine it remarked:
It ’ is rather surprising that there should have been such American concentration on the Izvestia article, seeing that its wording, is very similar [rather, identical] to the views put forward in January by the unofficial U.S. Foreign Policy Association, and this fact has not been mentioned in the cable extracts of American comment.
Incidentally, Life itself remarked that Marshal Stalin and the pope were engaged in a diplomatic duel for the confidence of 350,000,000 european.
The New York Times remarked innocently:
Of all the incendiary literary bombs manufactured in Moscow [sic] since the Teheran conference and thrown with such lighthearted recklessness into the unity of the Allied nations, none is likely to 4° greater damage than Izvestia's unjust and intemperate attack upon the Vatican as “pro-Fascist”.
Evidently the Times did consider the “news fit to print” when it was issued by the American Foreign Policy Association. It was worthy of censure when Russia had examined it and republished it as American comment on the subject
Sauce for the Goose
Without seeking to determine which is the goose in this case, although, following Scriptural precedent, the feminine gender should be reserved for “the church”, it is remarked that “attacks” have not been one-sided. The Chicago Sun takes note of this fact, in its column by Frank Smothers:
Most Americans regard Izvestia's attack as unfortunate. . . . But in simple justice it must be said that some anti-Soviet attacks of these past many years, for which the Vatican shares responsibility, have been overdrawn and unfortunate. It must also be said that the Vatican's backing of the Fascist Franco, and its past compromises with Fascism elsewhere, are unhappy facts of established political history; as are the past offensives of the Kremlin upon all religion.... Probably the Kremlin, through Izvestia, was signifying for one thing that the less the Vatican has to say concerning the Polish border and Lithuania, the better it will be appreciated. But I believe the purpose went much further. Certainly the effect, and it must have been intended, was to emphasize that henceforth in all political matters the Kremlin will be in at least as strong a position to denounce the Vatican as the Vatican and those who believe they speak in its support will be to denounce the Soviet.
New York Legislature Slips
It is unfortunate that the New York Legislature had not read the statement of the Foreign Policy Association or the column in the Sun. It might have refrained from going on record as deploring the action of Izvestia in the following words, whose inner content marks them as almost certainly inspired by some tool of the Hierarchy:
And the Legislature regards the Izvestia statement as an unfortunate accusation against and reflection upon the loyalty, patriotism and devotion to freedom and democracy
R of more than 30,000,000 Americans professing the Catholic faith in the United States, and the more than 3,000,000 American Catholics in the state of New York.
This resolution concerning Izvestia's unfortunate quotation from the American Foreign Policy Association’s statement Takes too much upon itself*. It presumes upon the loyalty of some 10,000,000 unborn Catholics. Besides, the number of practicing Catholics in the United States is just about half of the exaggerated figure mentioned in the resolution, or 15,000,000, which is a liberal estimate. And what is more, these do not, to a man (or babe), back the pope’s policies. They don’t have to, and they know it.
Many Catholics in the United States hate Fascism as thoroughly as do the Orthodox Catholics of Russia and their children, for whom a new oath has been introduced in the Soviet pioneer organization. Some 15,000,000 children of from ten to fifteen years of age belong to this organization. The oath says:
With all my heart I hate the Fascist occupants and will fearlessly prepare myself for the defense of the Fatherland. I swear in the name of the warriors who sacrificed their lives for our happiness that I will for ever remember that their blood burns on my pioneer necktie and on our red banner.
This feeling is at least understandable in view of the fact that tens of thousands of Cossack and Circassian youth have been transported to work in Germany.
Walter Lippmann also spoke of the Izvestia article. He remarked naively:
The Vatican, as a temporal power, is a neutral state with which the United States and Britain have friendly relations. ... In so far as the Izvestia article means or implies any intent to cause a deviation from this policy, either by the Soviet government or by inciting popular agitation in Italy, we must reject it firmly, unequivocally and entirely.
Yes, yes, of course, that goes without saying.
Russia Arrogant?
Any questioning of Vatican policy is arrogance, of necessity. So indicates the Tablet, official newspaper of the Roman Catholic diocese of Brooklyn, which probably had not read the Izvestia “blast” before it appeared in its reproduced form.
The Pilo t, official publication of the Catholic archdiocese of Boston, was quoted in advance by the Washington Post, as follows:
The Pilot . . . will say in an editorial tomorrow that Stalin alone is responsibly for the Russian newspaper attack against the Vatican. <
Ho-hum. This Seems to indicate that editorials for the Pilot are prepared in Washington, at the N.C.W.C., perhaps., Also, that its files are not as well kept or complete as those of Consolation.
The Christian Century entered the fray with the following:
It was perhaps purely coincidental that the official Moscow Izvestia's ^tinging criticism- of Vatican diplomacy as pro-Fascist was published just one day after Msgr. Fulton J. Sheen, spokesman for the American Hierarchy on the- “Catholic Hour”, had delivered over a nation-wide network a withering blast at Russia. But it was scarcely an accident that Monsignor Sheen was the first Roman Catholic representative to release a full-length denial of the Russian charges, accompanied by counter-charges, for he had it practically written in the script of his Sunday afternoon radio speech. In brief, Izvestia recites the facts concerning the Vatican’s tie-up with Italian and 9Panish Fascism as recently summarized in a report issued by the [American] Foreign Policy Association.
Moscow Not Chastened
Moscow was not chastened by the drubbing which Russia, because of Izvestia’s reprint of an American statement, received. Its “agitation against the Vatican” continued with a quotation from a New York story by Tass which emphasized the following words by a German refugee and industrialist:
It would have been impossible for obscure nobodies, as were Hitler and Mussolini at that time, to mobilize the masses for a bloody crusade against the masses of people and their liberal government unless they were backed by some political force of extraordinary qualities, a force reaching up to the summits of society as well as down to its depths, one exercising a strong influence in the international arena and keeping itself cleverly out of Sight. There is but one force qualified in this extraordinary way, namely, political papacy, centered in the Vatican. «
The Poles and Orlemanski . %
The London Catholic Herald interpreted Moscow’s publication of the Foreign Policy Association’s report as “possibly connected with the fate of 8,000,000 Polish Catholics and 3,000,000 Lithuanian Catholics who may be annexed to the Soviet Union”.
Comes now Orlemanski, and again a great furore. The known facts are these: Stanislaus Orlemanski is a Polish Catholic priest of Springfield, Mass., who may, perhaps, be best characterized as pro-Communist, although he denies' being a Communist himself. On one occasion he delivered himself of the following “well-chosen” words, in an article in Nass Swiat:
At first Russia rid herself of the czar—the historic fool—who, possessing the greatest and richest country in the world, nevertheless permitted the Russian nation to live in poverty and darkness. The Russian revolution brought priceless benefits to the Russian nation, namely: The liberation of the masses and the enlightenment of the masses. These two factors united the Russian nation and brought it about that today she is the mightiest nation in the world. . . . The majority of the Polish clergy condemn Communist Russia from their pulpits and at all times. By this unfounded and destructive propaganda they obscure everything that is of value in Russia.
Speaking in Town Hall, New York city, December 19, 1943, Orlemanski, as reported in the New York Times, said, criticizing the conference of the bishops previously mentioned:
These bishops made a public statement that the Moscow Pact was all right, but that they had a suspicion about Russia. Whenever the bishops gather and preach morality and dogmas of the church, then this teaching and i preaching should be a law with every one of us [Catholics], but when they speak of pacts, treaties, and politics, then they are nothing else but a clique of politicians, and their pronouncements you and I can accept or reject. [This is the stand of enlightened Catholics.]
In an article on “The Path for Poland”, published in the Daily Worker, Orlemanski has this to say: _____________ ii
In answer to the Catholic bishops gathered in Washington and passing judgment on the Moscow Pact, I say to the 5,000,000 Poles of America to ignore this statement and flatly and openly state that we Americans of Polish descent not only have no suspicion about the Moscow Pact, but that we are 100 percent for it.
In conclusion I will say that no conference of bishops, no theologians or philosophers, will decide the fate of Poland this time. This time the Polish nation will decide for itself. We will join hands with Russia to destroy completely Hitlerism and to bring peace and prosperity to the Polish nation for centuries to come.
Stalin Is Interested
Naturally Stalin would be interested in a Catholic priest who displayed such uncommon independence. An invitation came from the Kremlin that Orlemanski pay Stalin a visit, just to sort of talk things over, and the invitation was strengthened and made effective by a request to the White House that Orlemanski be given the necessary passports. The State Department complied with a suggestion from the White House, and Stalin provided a plane which would carry Orlemanski to Moscow and back again, he himself paying his way to and from the point of contact.
Russia was the first to break the news.
and Orlemanski was given wide publicity in Russian papers, the story being quickly taken up by reporters and wired to the United States. And was everybody surprised! Even the Hierarchy, which usually knows things well in advance of their occurrence when they involve some priest, feigned amazement —and indignation. And, for that matter, perhaps they were surprised, at least at the fact that Orlemanski, an obscure priest, had succeeded so well and that Stalin had accorded him so much attention, On this point the Christian Century said:
Disciplined with thanks might well be the verdict on Father Orlemanski. Rapprochement between the Soviet government and the Roman Catholic Church has been definitely advanced and the chances of religious liberty for Catholics in Poland and other regions where Russian influence may hereafter be dominant have been improved.
Stalin, at any rate, gave Orlemanski a signed statement in answer to questions posed by the priest:
1. Do you think it admissible for the Soviet government to pursue a policy of persecution and coercion with regard to the Catholic Church?
Stalin: As an advocate of the freedom of conscience and that of worship, I consider such a policy to be inadmissible and precluded.
2. Do you think that co-operation with the Holy Father, Pope Pius XII, in the matter t>f struggle against coercion and persecution of the Catholic Church is possible ?
Stalin: I think it is possible.
The priest, moreover, brought back with him the conviction that Stalin was very friendlily disposed toward the Catholic church and that future developments would prove this. Stalin favors a strong Poland.
This much he made known, and no more. The rest, if there is more, went to the officials of the "Church”, who first threatened to shut him up in a monastery, prohibited him from serving his people (who are evidently devoted to him), and otherwise made it unpleasant for him, according to accounts. Then1 they reinstated him. How much of this was merely a game of hide-and-go-seek is not certain, nor does it make any essential difference. The way has apparently been opened for Soviet-Vatican co-operation.
Shortly after the Orlemanski saga N. S. Timasheff, professor of sociology at Fordham University (Catholic), predicted that an eventual rapprochement between the Vatican and the Soviet government was possible. He stipulated, however, that the Catholic church must be given the same rights by Russia that are now held by the Russian Orthodox church! No doubt that would please Pacelli right well. True, he, with his confreres, had hoped for a more complete victory over the Orthodox church and the Soviet, envisaging the collapse of both and the triumphant entry of the Hierarchy into Russia. That was not to be, although the Hierarchy is. reluctant about giving up the idea, and still plays with the plan of building up a chain of Catholic states around Russia, linked to others in South America, with Spain as a hub.
On the other hand the Vatican would not overlook the possibilities of a Poland included as one of the ‘autonomous’ Soviet Socialist Republics. Stalin would doubtless permit each new addition to the Union to retain its independence within the Russian orbit, and it would be an independence that would recognize the religious liberty of its people. The addition of a number of strongly Roman Catholic Soviet Republics to the Russian union would make its contribution - 1 ■ ■ ■■
toward an ultimate Romanization of the whole. At least, such a hope is as plausible as the hope to “make America Catholic”. No tricks are overlooked by the clever politician in the Vatican. He must consider every angle. And even an insignificant Polish priest will fit into the picture. '
It is not to be forgotten that the doings of some 300,000,000 Orthodox in Russia are not only of great interest to the millions of Orthodox in eastern Europe, Asia and Africa, but of interest also to Protestants in all parts of the world. As previously indicated in the remarks of the bishop of York, there is much that ■ these have in common, a fact which Stalin is not overlooking and of which Pacelli is not ignorant either.
Roman Catholic statistical figures are habitually exaggerated, but in the rough it may be taken that there are about as many Orthodox and Protestants (taken together) as there are Roman Catholics, or about 300,000,000 in each of the two groups, a total of 600,000,000 nominal Christian believers. Doubtless among all these there are* a vast number of persons of good-will who are “hungering and thirsting after righteousness’ while ‘sighing and crying for the abominations’ of nominal religious Christianity. They need the truth of God’s Word, a knowl-: edge of His gracious purpose with respect to all who love righteousness. Neither Stalin nor Pacelli encourages the search for Bible truth, although Stalin backs at least a measurable degree [ of liberty of worship in his pronounce-‘ ments. The head of Vatican City makes no such concession. It is no part of the Hierarchical program to grant such liberty tex anyone. This has been too frequently stated to require proof. There is, therefore, a fundamental conflict between these dictators and the immense numbers under their more or less thorough control.
The International Digest, commenting on the influence of a religious Russia, declares:
Should Russia become, strongly religious again, this new turn in her modern history will naturally be of deep political significance. From Switzerland comes a report that the patriarch, Sergius [now deceased], has been broadcasting to the Greek Orthodox Balkans, encouraging them in their fight against “a common enemy”, and stressing the Christian character of the war against Nazism. At the time of Nazi propaganda to Europe, and America, that Godless Communists would overrun the world, it was given a blow not only by the Russian successes at the front, but by the timely world-disseminated news that Russia again worshiped in her churches.
Without calculating how far the future will run, it is not improper to anticipate that Russia and its measurably Com-rnunized Greek Orthodoxy will have a larger influence in Asia than either Catholicism or Protestantism has succeeded in exercising, and that although efforts will be made to suppress actual freedom of worship for any but “recognized” institutions, yet free inquiry into the Scriptures will not cease to grow. Russia’s present limitations upon such endeavors must give way to the progress of genuine liberty under the protection of Him who is “King of kings and Lord of lords”.,
Alas, Poor Levi!
ALAS, poor Levi! He is a Pennsylvania Amish boy of 19. He likes swing bands, and made the mistake of swiping a radio from a neighbor and listening to the strains that came from a worldly possession that he would not . be permitted to have even if he came by it honestly. The clouds of trouble gathered. He was “pinched”, i.e., arrested, i.e., dragged into court. He wanted to go to jail, but no such luck for Levi. He was turned over to his father, after he had explained that, according to church custom, he would have to stand before the other worshipers at all services, be forced to eat in the woodshed, and would not be permitted to use his bedroom. Poor Levi 1
The “National Conference” “Interfaith” Front
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HE Hierarchy having completely destroyed the Spanish Republic, the United States of America is next on the list. The Converted Catholic magazine, in explaining the skillful manner by which the Hierarchy maintains its false front, says:
No one knows better than Roman Catholic strategists the value of a “false front” in a struggle for power. The ideal “false front’* in the campaign to make America Catholic would be one that is not even Catholic in name, but, headed by Protestant ministers and supported by wealthy Jewish interests. It would command full support from all quarters in its campaign to convince America that the Catholic church hates Fascism, fights intolerance, and loves to co-operate with liberal Protestants and Jews. Unbelievable as it sounds, this ideal propaganda organization actually exists. It is the much-publicized National Conference of Christians and: Jews, of which Carlton Hayes, friend of Franco, is one of the three trustees. Rev. Everett R. Clinchy and Rev. Willard Johnson, Protestant ministers, are its well-paid president and vice-president, who specialize in holding interfaith meetings where priests are given the opportunity of presenting to the non-Catholic public liberal views and opinions that are directly contrary to Roman Catholic doctrine and policy. All this is made possible by the lavish donations of the wealthy and reactionary American Jewish Committee.
In an interview in the Louisville Courier-Journal John Henry Cowles, sovereign grand commander of thfe supreme t council of the 33rd degree Scottish Rite, Southern Jurisdiction, Mason, made the truthful statement that “the pope has been pro-Nazi and proFascist since he was elected, and is as thick as three in a bed with Hitler and Mussolini”. The statement could have been improved by inserting the word “always” between the words “has” and “been” and by omitting the entirely needless qualification “since he was elected”. Hitler would not be in his present job today but for Eugene Pacelli.
Nurseries of Un-Americanism
How is it that the Roman Catholic Hierarchy, though it knows full well that, of the signers of the Declaration of Independence, only one was a Catholic ; that at the time of the Revolution
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there were next to no priests in the entire country, and no need for any; and that even today only 15 percent of the population are tolerant of pope-worship; how is it that in view of these things the Hierarchy expects to put over its political racket and “make America Catholic”? *
It expects to do it by the very same methods by which Hitler grabbed Europe, i.e., by “education” in un-Ameri-canism. The proof that this is true may be found in every community. In the public schools the little folks of the 256 sects get along together very well, but let a parochial school get under way and the very Protestant children that have played with the Catholic children of their own neighborhood, and gotten along with them splendidly, thereafter are often assaulted and misused by those very same .children. How does it come? Merely because Vatican-controlled schools teach that which is the opposite of Americanism. In New York city, students of the appalling problem of juvenile delinquency have been astonished that such an extremely large percentage of the offenders against public law and order and decency were trained, not in the American public schools of the' metropolis, but in its parochial schools.
However, due to bargainings of conscienceless politicians, the public schools _ L
of the metropolis are rapidly getting into control of the Hierarchy. The natural result of this bargaining will be
an increase in juvenile offenses, and the hypocritical “Interfaith” front will have to work overtime to do the'washing and ironing for the Hierarchy, and put the smut on the real Americans that wish to save the American public schools, and America itself, from destruction.
What happened in Louisville was that the “Interfaith” front (so says the Louisville Courier-Journal, and backed it up with a sympathetic editorial) “delivered an indirect reprimand to a high-ranking Mason for criticizing publicly the motives of the highest-ranking Catholic”. It must indeed have been "indirect” to get a double-column spread in the Courier-Journal blaring out before the public a carefully prepared resolution passed “at a meeting of the executive committee of the conference” (of Christians and Jews) and roasting Mr. , Cowles for labeling Eugene Pacelli as ' pro-Nazi and pro-Fascist; which he is.
The so-called “Conference of Christians and Jews" is a pain in the neck. Its sole object is to whitewash the destroyers oi Americanism and put the smear on lovers of truth and liberty and justice.
One reason, and perhaps the main one, why Mr. Cowles was singled out for the wallop is that the Kentucky Court of Appeals has just decided that Kentucky public school buses are for students in Kentucky public schools and not for private schools maintained by such of the 256 sects as desire to indoctrinate their children with Vatican or other unAmerican ideas. The hope manifestly is that some of the public will get the ridiculous idea that the Hierarchy is being persecuted. Does it think that America should maintain 256 kinds of schools for children, so that each may act as a nursery for some kind of racket that in the end would destroy -the American republic altogether?
From the City Where the Great Persecutions of 1940 Started
INGDOM greetings. Enclosed herewith is a good-will offering of five : dollars contributed to the Kingdom work ; by Mr. Pilar Garza.
\ This contribution was received in the ? following manner: Mr. Garza had given me two pieces of plate glass for our i trailer windows. To show my apprecia-' tion I gave him a number of books and booklets and a Watchtower Bible. After
explaining each book, Mr. Garza asked, “How much are these books?” “I am
t giving them to you to show my apprecia-' tion for the plate glass you let me have.” Mr. Garza would not have it that Way, and so insisted that I take five dollars. This I refused. Then Mr. Garza said, “Our people [meaning the Mexicans] are in great need of the Kingdom message; the racketeers [pointing to the Catholic church across the street] have kept the people in ignorance of the Bible. If this small donation will help only one person to learn about the Kingdom message, I want you to accept it, and let it be used for that purpose. You people, Jehovah’s witnesses, are so different from these preachers and priests who not only accept donations,but tell you how much they must have.”
Mr. Garza told me, when he first got married the firm for which he worked gave him a Bible. Being a good Catholic he showed it to the priest, who in turn said, “Son, take that Bible and burn it.” No wonder Mr. Garza called them racketeers.
We have many interesting experiences among these people who are so anxious to learn about the Lord and His kingdom. Although up in years, we can truly see how these people are only “babes” in understanding of God’s Word; and what a pleasure it is to feed them the “milk of God’s Word” and “the bread of life”. Your fellow publisher in the “glorious treasure of service”.—T. E. Klein, Del Rio, Texas.
Identifying the Messiah (Continued from last issue) HEBE we continue examining prophecies and facts in fulfillment to fix conclusively who is the foretold Messiah. The prophecy of Micah 5: 2 foretold that the child that would turn out to be the Redeemer and Ruler of faithful humankind would be born at Bethlehem of Judah. Matthew 2:4, 5 and Luke 2:9-11 record that Jesus was born at Bethlehem, exactly as foretold by Micah.
Jacob foretold that the Messiah must be of the tribe of Judah. (Genesis 49 :10) Mary, the mother of the babe Jesus, was of the tribe of Judah; also her husband Joseph, the foster father of the babe, was of the same tribe of Judah.—Luke 3:23-38.
Isaiah 9:6, 7 foretold that the One born to be the Messiah would be the Prince of Peace, who would bring peace to men of good-will on earth. At the time of the birth of Jesus the angelic hosts of heaven sang with relation to Him: “Glory to God in the highest; and. on earth peace to men of good will.”—Luke 2:14, Douay.
Jeremiah 31:15 foretold that there would be an attempt to slay the future Messiah, and that to accomplish this other babes would be slain. This prophecy was fulfilled shortly after Jesus’ birth, when King Herod ordered all the children of Bethlehem two years old and younger to be.killed—Matthew 2:16-18.
Hosea 11:1 foretold that the parents of the One who should be the great Messiah would flee with the child into Egypt, and that the Son of God should be called out of Egypt. The Scripture record shows this was fulfilled at the time the child Jesus was taken into ?
C-1 Egypt and brought back after Herod’s j death.—Matthew 2:15.
It was spoken of by an unnamed ; prophet that the Messianic Deliverer would be called a Nazarene. Jesus’ parents were from Nazareth and took Him as a babe to Nazareth to grow up. —Matthew 2: 22, 23.
The prophet David wrote concerning the Messiah that He would come to do God’s will. (Psalm 40: 7, 8) The apostle Paul, at Hebrews 10:7, testifies that Jesus fulfilled this prophecy.
Again, David wrote concerning the Messiah: “Because for thy sake I have borne reproach; shame hath covered my face. I am become a stranger unto my brethren, and an alien unto my mother’s children. For the zeal of thine house hath eaten me up; and the reproaches of them that reproached thee are fallen upon me.” (Psalm 69:7-9) Satan had been reproaching Jehovah God at all times, and the testimony shows that the same reproaches fell upon Jesus when He came, as testified to at John 2:17 and Romans 15: 3.
Again, Isaiah 53:1 prophesied concerning the Messiah, saying: “Who hath believed our report? and to whom is the arm of the Lord revealed?” And John 12’: 37,38 records that Jesus fulfilled this prophecy specifically, being disbelieved and rejected by the Jews. Isaiah 53: 3 further prophesied concerning the Messiah: “He is despised and rejected of men.” And John 1:11 testifies concerning Jesus: “He came unto his own, and his own received him not.” This is only a small part of the abundance of evidence concerning how the Jews disowned Jesus and despised Him.
Additionally, Isaiah 53:7-9 predicted that the'Messiah would be wounded for our transgressions: “He is brought as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before her shearers is dumb,, so he openeth not his mouth. He was taken from prison and from judgment: and who shall declare his generation? for he was cut off out of the land of the living : for the transgression of my people was. he stricken. And he made his grave with the wicked, and with the rich in his death; because he had done no violence, neither was any deceit in his mouth.” All this Jesus fulfilled. When He was brought before the supreme court of Israel, and then before Pilate, He made no defense; He. was impaled between two criminals; and He was buried in the tomb of the rich Joseph of Arimathaea. (John, chapters 18 and 19) Isaiah 53:10 also foretold: “Thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin.” And indeed Jesus was made a great sin-offering for humankind.
The prophet David wrote: “They part my garments among them, and cast lots upon my vesture.” (Psalm 22:18) And Matthew 27:35 testifies to a literal fulfillment of this prophecy when, at the impaling of Jesus, lots were cast for His garments and they were divided among the1 soldiers there watching Him die.
The Messiah must be the real Pass-over Lamb. Numbers 9:12 provided that the paschal lamb should not have a bone of it broken. Psalm 34: 20 also testifies: “He keepeth all his bones: not one of them is broken.” This also should be true of the reality. When Jesus was nailed to the tree they broke none of His bones; and the comment of John 19: 33-36 is that this was so to fulfill the prophecy.
The resurrection of the Messiah who should thus be slain and who is the antitype of King David was foretold at Psalm 16:10,11: “For thou wilt not leave my soul in hell; neither wilt thou suffer thine Holy One to see corruption. Thou wilt shew me the path of life: in thy presence is fulness of joy; at thy right hand there are pleasures for evermore.” This prophecy was fulfilled in every respect: Jesus was raised and His body did not see corruption.—Acts 2 : 31.
The foregoing were prophetic testimonies made years in advance of the
birth of Jesus, and every portion of them was fulfilled by Jesus to the letter. This should be sufficient to convince any reasonable mind that Jesus was the Son of God, the great Redeemer of mankind, the Anointed One or Messiah, and the Heir to the kingdom of God, However, we are not left to this circumstantial evidence. There is direct and positive testimony, given by men who wrote urider the inspiration of the holy spirit of Jehovah God.
The apostle Paul plainly states that when God made the promise to Abraham, that in his seed all the families of r - . + ___
the earth should be blessed, this seed of promise through whom the blessing must come is Jesus, the Christ or Messiah. •—Galatians 3: 8-16.
Testifying under inspiration on the day of Pentecost of A.D. 33, the apostle Peter told the Jews that the one whom they had wickedly put to death and who was afterward raised from the dead is this Jesus, who is verily the Christ. —Acts 2:23-36. ’
From the time of the conception of Jesus, yes, even before His birth, and until He hung upon the tree, Satan the Devil used every possible means to destroy Him because He is The Christ. God permitted the adversary to go to the full extent of his power; but never ’ at any time did God let him succeed, even as he can never succeed against God. God'foreordained that death should not hold down His beloved Son, and when Jesus was raised from the dead it was the start of the fulfillment of the prophecy: “Death is swallowed up in victory.” (Isaiah 25:8; 1 Corinthians 15: 54) Jesus it is who once was dead and now is alive for evermore and holds the keys to hell (the tomb) and death. (Revelation 1:18) He is clothed with all power and authority and is able to save and deliver the believing and obedient ones to the uttermost and to bring to such all the blessings that God has in reservation for them that love Him.
CONSOLATION
Left to right:. Front row: Fox, E.r Callahan, N., Alexander, Mary, Rhode, D., Holien, J., Kammerud, L., Burton, 8., Sutton, E., Stubbs, F., Berry, Ek, Hogan, T., Goolsby, C., Peterson, H., Hoffman, C., Hollins, E. Second row: Pluimer, H., Stahl, E., Mueller, A., Duncan, E., Giza, C., Cantwell, N., McDaniel, G., Jones, M., Green, M., Batko, M., Stubbs, L., Bays,
…