Golden Age, October 23, 1935
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The Golden Age
A JOURNAL OF FACT HOPE AND COURAGE
in this issue
SALUTING A FLAG
Complete text of address by Judge Rutherford broadcast over chain from WBBR Brooklyn, October 6, 1935
CAN AMERICA BE SAVED?
JEFFERSON, HAMILTON, OR RATTI?
SATAN'S ORGANIZATION
EVERY MAN BY HIS STANDARD
every other
WEDNESDAY
five cents a copy
one dollar a year
Canada & Foreign 1.25
Vol. XVII - No. 420
October 23, 1935 CONTENTS
LABOR AND ECONOMICS
Death of Capitalism Impends 48
Old Idea Was to Have a War 48
Progress in One Year 48
Use for Cross-and-Crown Pins 51
Why TVA Rates Are One-Sixth 56
Why the Wages Were Reduced 56
Gypping of the Workers 56
SOCIAL AND EDUCATIONAL
THE ASSOCIATED PRESS COWARDLY AND UNFAIR 35
SALUTING A FLAG 36
SOME TELEGRAPHIC RESPONSES 39
BOY WILL NOT SALUTE FLAG 40
CAN AMERICA BE SAVED? 42
U.S. CONFERRING WITH VATICAN 43
"AND LET US BE SILENT THERE" 44
SATAN'S ORGANIZATION 49
SOUND CAR WITNESSINGS 50
New York Bans Mexican Film 55
The Art of Reading 55
Graft Possibilities in Quintuplets 57
Press Agents for Hypocrisy 57
College Degree at Eighty 57
America's Great Awk 57
"EVERY MAN BY HIS OWN STANDARD" 59
A CHEER FOR CARLETON 63
FINANCE—COMMERCE—TRANSPORTATION
Always on the Devil's Side 54
$430,000 for What? 56
POLITICAL—DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN
Protests Against Dictatorship 46
The Revolution at Washington 46
Who Runs the United States 46
$4,880,000,000 Relief Resolution 47
Achievements of the Foreign Legion 47
Why, Senator Schall! 47
American Disaffection Bill 55
AGRICULTURE AND HUSBANDRY
Powers of the Food Dictator 47
The Share Croppers of Arkansas 58
Transportation of Soil 58
Potash from the Dead Sea 58
SCIENCE AND INVENTION
Improvements in Vehicle Tires 58
Distance to Ursa Major 58
No Commission to Torture 58
TRAVEL AND MISCELLANY
"Americana" News Items 56
Justice Holmes and the People 56
Terrible Earthquake at Quetta 58
RELIGION AND PHILOSOPHY
THE PRIZE LIAR LOCATED 51
Midianites Getting Nervous 52
Finland's New Archbishop 52
Archbishop of York on Liberty 52
Caught with the Goods 53
Mobilization for Catholic Action 53
Published every other Wednesday by
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The Golden Age
Volume XVII Brooklyn, N. Y., Wednesday, October 23, 1935 Number 420
The Associated Press Cowardly and Unfair
THE Associated Press is afraid to tell the truth regarding the flag-saluting incident at Lynn, Massachusetts.
The Associated Press does not want the people to know that the United States has been officially declared to be a Christian nation and that therefore in this country God’s law, by express pronouncement of the highest court in the land, is above man’s law.
The Associated Press does not want known the act of the United States Senate by which the nation’s highest lawmaking body officially consented to flying the flag of the pope above the stars and stripes.
It does not wish the people to know President Roosevelt has agreed to have a representative from the Vatican received here as ambassador and to have this country represented by an ambassador at Vatican City as soon as public opinion can be brought to see such relations to be acceptable to the country’s plain people.*
The Associated Press especially fears to mention that the Roman Catholic Hierarchy backs a vast scheme to grab the government of the United States.
The Associated Press has no interest in giving publicity to the speech of a man who has the courage to tell the truth on a subject of vital interest to every school child and every parent in the land.
When Hitler-minded politicians and fanatics in Massachusetts imposed upon that state’s teachers an unnecessary requirement which was adverse to public interest and adverse to keeping the United States flag in its proper place in the minds of children and grown-ups of that state and the nation, and when an eight-year-old American boy of good parentage, and himself an excellent child, refused to be forced to do something contrary to his conscience and not necessary to his education, The Associated Press quickly saw the news value of the incident.
The morning after, it sent all over the United States the story of the boy, the teacher and the flag at Lynn, coupled with information that the boy was a son of one of Jehovah’s witnesses.
The Associated Press seized the chance to put Jehovah’s witnesses to the test in the eyes of the whole American people. At seven p.m. Tuesday, October 1, it sought a statement from Judge Rutherford, spokesman for Jehovah’s witnesses, and president of the Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society.
It desired a verbal statement and was told the statement in writing would be ready the next morning. The next day passed without anybody’s calling for the statement. That evening another telephone call was received, and The Associated Press refused to agree to accept the statement unless released from the promise that it must be used exactly as given.
Meantime Judge Rutherford decided to broadcast the statement so that millions on the Atlantic seaboard interested in this important question might have their reasonable and proper desires gratified. The Associated Press asked when the statement could be had and was told it would be ready Saturday afternoon or Sunday morning between eight and ten. No further effort was made by The Associated Press to obtain the statement, word probably having gone out from the higher-ups that it contained too much truth to be made public.
* See page 43.
Meantime also the Boston Herald insisted on being given the statement for publication. That paper was told the statement would be given out immediately after the broadcast, provided the paper would agree to publish it exactly as broadcast. The Herald agreed, received the copy of the speech, but published not a word, nor did The Associated Press.
The Golden Age considers it a grand privilege to be able to present in this issue the address, which immediately follows, word for word as broadcast Sunday morning October 6 on a chain of fourteen stations.
Saluting a Flag
[Broadcast over chain Sunday, October 6, 1935, by Judge Rutherford]
RECENTLY much publicity has been given to the case of Carleton B. Nichols, Jr., a schoolboy of tender years, who declined to salute the American flag and sing "America". He is the son of one of Jehovah's witnesses. The Associated Press has requested me to express my view of the matter. This I do from the standpoint of a true follower of Christ Jesus. To many persons the saluting of the flag is merely a formalism and has little or no significance. To those who sincerely consider it from the Scriptural standpoint, it means much.
The flag representatively stands for the visible ruling powers. To attempt by law to compel a citizen or child of a citizen to salute any object or thing, or to sing so-called "patriotic songs", is entirely unfair and wrong. Laws are made and enforced to prevent the commission of overt acts that result in injury to another, and are not made for the purpose of compelling a person to violate his conscience, and particularly when that conscience is directed in harmony with Jehovah God's Word.
The refusal to salute the flag, and to stand mute, as this boy did, could injure no one. If one sincerely believes that God's commandment is against the saluting of flags, then to compel that person to salute a flag contrary to the Word of God, and contrary to his conscience, works a great injury to that person. The State has no right by law or otherwise to work injury to the people.
For many centuries Satan the Devil has been the invisible ruler of the nations of the earth. God has suffered or permitted him to so act in order to put a test upon the human race to determine how many will serve God willingly and how many will serve the Devil. For that reason Jehovah God gives this commandment to those who will receive His favor (Exodus 20:3, 5): "Thou shalt have no other gods before me. . . . Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them."
At the third chapter of Daniel the Divine Record states that in violation of God's law the government of Babylon made a law commanding all persons, when the national hymn was played, to fall down and worship before a certain image and that those who refused would be put to death in a fiery furnace. Three Hebrews who had covenanted to serve Jehovah God refused to obey that commandment and said to the king: 'We have no need to obey you in this matter; and if it be that you cast us into the fire, our God, whom we serve, is able to deliver us from the fiery furnace; and He will deliver us.' The test was on. The three Hebrews were cast into the furnace; and because of their faithfulness God delivered them, and thus put His disapproval upon the emblem-saluting law of Babylon.
The present-day attempt to compel school children and others who believe in and serve Jehovah God to salute any flag or sing any song is exactly in line with the Babylonish law just mentioned. To salute a flag means, in effect, that the person saluting ascribes salvation to what that flag represents, whereas salvation is of Jehovah God. The Hitler government, a stench in the nostrils of all honest people, requires all persons of Germany to give a certain salute and to cry out, "Heil Hitler!" and those who refuse to do so are severely punished. At the present time more than twelve hundred of Jehovah's witnesses are in prison in Germany because of the commission of the 'grave offense' of declining to shout, "Heil Hitler!" They trust in Jehovah God and in Christ Jesus, and not in man.
Jehovah's witnesses are men and women who have fully pledged themselves to obey the commandments of Jehovah God and Christ Jesus. They fully comply with the commandment of Jesus, who said: "Render therefore unto Caesar the things which be Caesar's, and unto God the things which be God's." (Luke 20:25) The meaning of that declaration of Jesus is this: Jehovah God is supreme, and His law is above all human laws. Caesar stands for the state or human law. All laws of the state or government that are not in conflict with God’s law should be gladly obeyed by all who are devoted to Jehovah God. When the law of man is in conflict with the law of Jehovah, then the Christian cannot obey that law of man. The apostles of Christ Jesus placed this exact construction upon the words of Jesus. In answer to charges of violating the law of the province or state they said to the high court: “Whether it be right in the sight of God [for us] to hearken unto you more than unto God, judge ye. . . . We ought to obey God rather than men.” (Acts 4:19; 5:29) Jehovah’s witnesses take that same stand. They gladly obey every law of the land that is not in conflict with God’s law. But when the law of man is in direct conflict with God’s law, they cannot and will not comply therewith.
It is written, at Romans 13:1: “Let every soul be subject unto the higher powers”; and many wrongfully hold that “the higher powers” are the visible rulers of the nations of earth. This scripture is addressed to the followers of Christ Jesus, and to no others, and “the higher powers” are Jehovah God and Christ Jesus, and every true follower of Christ Jesus must obey God in preference to man.
The flag of the United States is not the flag of Jehovah God and Christ Jesus. It is the emblem of the power that rules the nation; and no one can truthfully say that God and Christ Jesus rule a government where crime is rampant. Men have organized governments, and Satan the Devil overreaches men and rules them because of their refusal to obey God, and hence the nations of the world are under the control of Satan the Devil, as stated at 1 John 5:19: “We know that we are children of God, and that the whole world lies in the power of the Evil one.” (Weymouth) In proof of this, mark the words of Jesus. That the Devil is the invisible ruler of the world, note this from the Bible: Satan took Jesus up on a high mountain, and, being the god of this world, he showed Him all the kingdoms of the world and offered to give them to Jesus upon condition that Jesus would fall down and worship the Devil. Jesus refused and said (Matthew 4:10): “Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve.”
In further proof, Jesus, at John 12:31, stated that Satan is the prince or invisible ruler of this world. At John 18:36, He said: “My kingdom is not of this world.” Jesus directed His followers to pray to God saying (Matthew 6:9-12): ‘Thy kingdom come; thy will be done on earth as in heaven.’ At 2 Corinthians four it is written that Satan is the god of this world and deceives and blinds the people to the truth.
Jehovah’s witnesses are true followers of Christ Jesus and must obey His commandments. To them the Lord says (John 15:19): “Because ye are not of the world, but I have chosen you out of the world, therefore the world hateth you.” At John 8:23: “I am not of this world.” At John 14:21: “He that hath my commandments and keepeth them, he it is that loveth me.” Concerning His followers it is written in the Scriptures (Philippians 3:20): ‘For our citizenship is in heaven.’ (Rotherham translation) At 1 John 5:21: “Little children, keep yourselves from idols.” At 1 Corinthians 10:14: ‘Wherefore, my beloved brethren, flee from idolatry.’ This commandment is based upon the commandment at Exodus 20:4, 5.
FATE
Jehovah’s witnesses are in a solemn covenant or agreement to obey God and Christ Jesus, and for them to break that covenant means their destruction, as it is written, in Romans 1:31, 32, that “covenant breakers . . . are worthy of death”. At Acts 3:23 they are told that every one who does not obey Christ shall be destroyed. When Jesus was about to be put to death the Roman governor pointed to Jesus and said to the Jews, “Behold your King”; and the Jews answered, “We have no king but Caesar.” (John 19:14, 15) They were in a covenant to obey God. Their repudiation of their covenant resulted in their destruction. The question to each of Jehovah’s witnesses therefore is: “Shall I obey every command of man and die, or shall I obey Jehovah God and live?”
Jehovah’s witnesses are not a sect or cult. They are true followers of Christ Jesus. The Bible is their only creed. God has given them a banner or flag, and that is His message of truth, as stated in Psalm 20:5. Jehovah commands His witnesses to “lift up a standard for the people” (Isaiah 62:10), meaning that His witnesses must raise God’s standard of truth and point to that as the only salvation of man. Every nation has a different standard; and therefore none of these are God’s standard.
The Pilgrim fathers left the oppressive nations in Europe, and landed in New England, because of their sincere desire to be free to worship God according to the dictates of their own conscience. It now appears that in Massachusetts, the very cradle of American liberty, an oppressive rule is attempted to be enforced that takes away the liberty of the citizen to worship God as God has commanded that man shall worship. The government or state is wholly inconsistent and unfair in compelling citizens to salute the flag. No one is injured by a man conscientiously serving God as he is commanded by the Lord. Jehovah’s witnesses are thoroughly devoted to God and Christ Jesus, and they will obey the laws of God always, and will obey the laws of the state or nation that are not contrary to God’s law. No government has a right to compel a man to violate God’s law in which he conscientiously and implicitly trusts.
The Supreme Court of the United States, in Church vs. United States, 143 U.S. 457, authoritatively ruled that the American government is a Christian nation. If the nation is standing by that ruling of the Supreme Court, then the nation must recognize the law of God as superior to the law of man, and where the two are in conflict the Christian must obey the law of God.
On the ships that ply the sea the Roman Catholic service is held. At that service the flag of the pope is displayed above the flag of the United States. The United States Senate went on record, in February, 1929, as favoring the right of the flag of the pope to be thus displayed, and this appears in the Congressional Record No. 47, page 2851. In that instance the senator from Massachusetts took the position that the flag of the pope is the flag of God. I wholly disagree with him in that regard; but giving him credit for believing that the flag of the Catholic church is the flag of God his words are appropriate. He said: “I for one refuse to depart from the time-honored American custom of placing the emblem of God above every other emblem of the world. I will not run down the pennant of God for any other emblem.” The Senate, by a vote of 68 to 10, sustained the senator in that position. The United States government is therefore estopped from saying that the flag of the United States should be honored above Jehovah God.
The most important question before the peoples of earth now is, Whom do you choose to serve, Jehovah or Satan the Devil? The crisis is here because the end of the Devil’s reign is at hand. Soon Christ Jesus will destroy all of the Devil’s organization visible and invisible, and that includes all who take their stand on the side of the Devil. Each person must choose for himself. There can be no compulsion on either side. As for Jehovah’s witnesses, they will serve and obey Jehovah God.
It is a great pity for the people who attend the churches that their clergymen fail to teach them the truth of God’s Word. For their neglect the clergymen are doubly responsible. Today the combined church organization celebrates “loyalty day”. Do they mean loyalty only to man? If entirely loyal to God they do harm to no one. To compel the saluting of the flag, thereby saying in symbol, “We look to the flag for salvation,” is doing great harm to man and reproaching the name of Jehovah God.—Galatians 6:10.
The Baltimore Evening Sun editorially expresses the true American sentiment in these words:
“For our part, we glory in Carleton’s spunk. Any statute requiring that the flag be saluted by school children is an insult to the Stars and Stripes, and ought to be resented by all patriots. Is our national ensign a swastika flag, to be respected only by forced salutes? Since when has the Star-Spangled Banner so lost the respect of the people over whom it flies that laws are necessary to make them pretend to honor it? What a disgraceful thing it is to assume that the flag would not be saluted if people were not afraid to refuse the tribute of respect! . . . It is supposed to float because its people have raised it of their own free will and uphold it out of preference—not because they fear it, but because they love it. If the time has come when they must be compelled to pay it a formal and forced tribute, then the time has come to haul it down and hoist in its place some red or black banner of dictatorship of force and fear.”—Baltimore Evening Sun of September 28, 1935.
The Nichols lad has been taught by his parents to serve and obey Jehovah. He has made a wise choice, declaring himself for Jehovah God and His kingdom of righteousness. All who act wisely will do the same thing. The great multitude that serves God is revealed as saying: “Salvation [salutation] to our God, which sitteth upon the throne, and unto the [Christ].”—Revelation 7:9, 10.
Real American citizens who love the principles of the Bill of Rights and the fundamental law of the land, who believe in freedom of thought and freedom of speech, and, above all, in the right of man to worship God according to the dictates of his own conscience, will commend the lad, Carleton B. Nichols, Jr., for the bold stand he has taken for Jehovah. It is foolish to attempt to make good citizens by compelling them to act as hypocrites.
For more than 150 years honest Americans have obeyed the law without being compelled to salute the flag. Why the burning zeal to now compel flag-saluting? The reason is this, and once again I warn the American people, that the same power that caused Fascism and Hitlerism to seize governments in Europe is moving to seize control of the American institutions, and the policy of compulsory flag-saluting is but a part in that program to put fear into the minds of the people and compel submission to an arbitrary dictator. One mighty religio-political organization is back of the entire program. That organization is not the honest Catholic population, but it is the Roman Catholic Hierarchy, operating from Rome, in its determination to rule the whole earth. It has its political ambassadors in almost all countries. On March 8, 1934, a special cable dispatch from Rome to the New York Sun states that a definite agreement has been reached by President Roosevelt and the Vatican and that diplomatic relations shall be established between the United States and the "Holy See" as soon as public opinion in America can be brought around to the idea.* Compulsory saluting of the flag is in line with Hitlerism and a part of the studied, diabolical effort to bring the people around to the Roman idea. It is high time that the loyal and faithful American people realized this great peril. True and honest men of America, in which class Jehovah's witnesses are included, do not need shotgun methods or prisons to compel them to do what is right.
* See page 43 for proof at the mouth of two witnesses.
Some of the Telegraphic Responses
MASSACHUSETTS. LYNN. "Thrilled with Jehovah's Word on flag-salute case. Looking forward to distributing this message among the people." Lynn company of Jehovah's witnesses.
MASSACHUSETTS. WORCESTER. "Company of Jehovah's witnesses gathered at Worcester heard clearly every word of your splendid address regarding flag-saluting." Jehovah's witnesses.
MASSACHUSETTS. NEW BEDFORD. "Reception excellent through WNBH. In whole accord with decision rendered." Henry G. Judson, for Jehovah's witnesses.
VIRGINIA. NEWPORT NEWS. "Address on flag salute great. Jehovah bless you." Margaret Bailey.
CONNECTICUT. MILFORD. "Praise Jehovah for such a talk. Came over WICC splendidly. Yours in his service." Bridgeport company.
CONNECTICUT. WATERBURY. "Reception of short address at ten a.m. very good over local station WATR, and much enjoyed." A. V. Meyers.
NEW YORK. PRINCESS BAY. "Thrilled with message and appreciate privilege of lifting high standard." Staten Island publishers.
NEW JERSEY. PATERSON. "Your clear-cut bold statement regarding saluting the flag heartily endorsed." Paterson company of Jehovah's witnesses.
NEW YORK. BAY SHORE. "Your unequivocal Scriptural view saluting flag greatly appreciated. Jehovah bless you. Reception WPG excellent." F. M. Finken.
PENNSYLVANIA. HAZLETON. "Praise God for your ringing, stirring, fearless, inspiring, real-American address received perfectly as we start out in the witnessing work this morning." Hazleton company, thirty-four of Jehovah's witnesses.
PENNSYLVANIA. PHILADELPHIA. "We glory in the standard of Jehovah, and with you salute it wholeheartedly." Philadelphia company.
RHODE ISLAND. PROVIDENCE. "Special lecture today thrilling. Another thrust of enemy met with great testimony against them." James L. Gardner, for Jehovah's witnesses.
MARYLAND. BALTIMORE. "Despite bad weather, message on flag came in splendidly over WFBR." Baltimore company of Jehovah's witnesses.
VIRGINIA. RICHMOND. "Message thrilling. We stand with you for Jehovah." Richmond company.
PENNSYLVANIA. READING. "Speech came in perfectly at Reading, Pennsylvania, from WIP. Jehovah be praised." M. A. Howlett, for Jehovah's witnesses.
VIRGINIA. NORFOLK. "Your fearless denunciation of tyranny thrilled assembly." T. J. Sullivan, for Jehovah's witnesses.
Boy Will Not Salute Flag
[Reprint from Boston Post, September 21, 1935]
LYNN CHILD, 8, REFUSES TO JOIN IN SCHOOL EXERCISES—IS BACKED BY FATHER ON RELIGIOUS GROUNDS
THE refusal of an 8-year-old boy in the third grade of the Breed Elementary School at West Lynn to join his classmates yesterday afternoon in saluting the American flag and singing "America" created a profound problem for the Lynn school authorities, which became further aggravated last night when the lad's father, who called himself one of "Jehovah's witnesses", supported the boy's alleged unpatriotic attitude and defied anyone to make him or his son change their convictions.
The boy is Carleton B. Nichols, Jr., who readily admitted to newspaper reporters last night that he had told Principal William F. Pashby of the Breed School that the reason he didn't salute the flag was because it "was the devil's emblem".
The boy's father, Carleton B. Nichols, Sr., a machinist at the General Electric Company by day and a distributor of pamphlets and preacher of the doctrines of "Jehovah's witnesses", formerly the International Bible Students Association, by night and Sundays, was emphatic in his declaration last night that neither his son nor himself, nor any members of his family, would violate the tenets of his faith by pledging any allegiance to the "Devil's kingdom".
It would be beside the mark to say that this boy would be a credit to Patrick Henry or Thomas Jefferson, but it would be the truth.
It is beside the mark to say that he is a credit to his parents, whose training is so manifest in his conduct. That also is true.
What must be said is that he has given a splendid witness to Jehovah God and to Christ Jesus, the Father's choice as earth's King.
The Boston Post is on the editorial desk of every great newspaper in the world, and it is respected, too, for its courage.
The report here presented is a credit to honest journalism, and a fair statement of the position of Jehovah's witnesses, whose devotion to Almighty God this child of tender years so well represents.
Jesus lost no time getting about His Father's business; there were plenty of Roman youths to worship the Roman flag; He had other work to do. Carleton B. Nichols, Jr., has taken his stand as Jesus did, and has done it in a difficult place. "Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings thou hast perfected praise."
What an example to some grown-ups! Later reports say Carleton was expelled by the school board October 8.
The United States Constitution estops these Nazi-minded "officials" from their persecution of this high-principled boy.
SCHOOL AUTHORITIES AT SEA
Meanwhile Principal Pashby, following a conference with the father yesterday afternoon, at which the boy was present, took the matter under advisement.
He forwarded a report of the incident to the school authorities, who frankly admitted it was the first case of its kind that had come to their attention.
Just what move, if any, is to be made, will depend upon a ruling to be requested from the city solicitor relative to the application of the school and State laws to such incidents.
"The father is obviously sincere in his attitude," Principal Pashby stated last night. "He has very pronounced convictions on the subject. Of course, the school and State laws are very specific in the matter of saluting the flag, and we have a positive duty to perform."
NICHOLS EXPLAINS ATTITUDE
He was not prepared last night to state what action the school authorities will take after getting a legal ruling from the city solicitor.
Nichols at his home last night, surrounded by his wife, who shares her husband's convictions on the subject, and their three children, of whom Carleton, Jr., is the eldest, explained just why he taught his son not to subscribe to ordinary patriotic standards.
“My children are Christian children,” he stated. “They are taught at home to be obedient, kind and meek. They are taught that the law of God is the highest authority governing man, and they are also taught to obey every law as long as it does not conflict with God’s law.”
“THE DEVIL’S KINGDOM”
He declared that the law compelling salute to the flag or the singing of “America” conflicted with God’s law because they pledged an individual’s allegiance to the Devil’s kingdom.
“The Scriptures prove the truth of my assertion that this world, this country, the entire worldly kingdom, is not possessed by any government or any country, but by the Devil. Doesn’t it say in the Scriptures that Satan took Christ up into a high mountain and showed Him the entire world and said that if Christ would kneel down and adore him, the Devil, he would give Him the entire kingdom known as the world? Didn’t God then show that this world was the Devil’s kingdom? Why then should I, or my son, pledge allegiance to the Devil’s kingdom?”
HAVE HAD HARD STRUGGLE
Nichols also pointed out that Christians pray in the Lord’s Prayer, “Thy kingdom come,” which he asserted proved that this kingdom on earth was not God’s kingdom, as His kingdom was to come.
Nichols said he was born in Maine, as were his parents, grandparents and generations before him back to the Micmac Indians of the same State.
“I guess when it comes to nationality I’m as much an American as I possibly can be.”
He said he was working as a machinist at the General Electric Company but suffered with his family for 19 months in the depression. His wife, who said she was a native of New Hampshire, chimed in with the statement that when her youngest child, now about a year and one-half old, was about to be born, they were ejected from a tenement because they couldn’t pay rent.
“The child has suffered from sugar diabetes ever since her birth,” the mother declared, and blamed it on the harsh treatment experienced by herself and family.
HAVE BEEN ON WELFARE ROLLS
“Yes, and I worked at everything from peddling vegetables from house to house to cleaning out cesspools,” Nichols stated. “I didn’t make enough money to keep a bird alive.”
He then admitted that for a long while he was on the city of Lynn welfare rolls.
Mrs. Nichols recalled that all they obtained was $4 per week. “That didn’t keep us in food,” she averred.
They are getting along better, as Nichols’ work as a machinist is now fairly steady.
Nichols declared that he was not an opponent of the government or of law. “True, they are imperfect, because man is imperfect,” he said. “I agree that they do the best they can.”
NOT FIRST CASE, NICHOLS CLAIMS
He said he was opposed to war. “Why should I kill someone I never saw before?” he asked. He further averred that if a foreign nation invaded this country and the enemy came to his very door he would protect his family with all his strength, but if overcome, would leave the rest in “God’s hands”.
“Of course I would lock my door, and I would stand there to use all the strength I was capable of to protect my wife and daughters, but if I were overcome and they got past me, the rest would be up to God. I would never kill a man to prevent him violating my house.”
Although school officials contended the refusal of the Nichols boy to salute the flag was the first case on record, Nichols and his wife declared that a pupil of the Lynn Classical High School refused to lead the salute at last year’s graduation exercises and was not forced to do so. They also claim to know of other cases of this kind.
NO DOUBT OF THEIR SINCERITY
The Nichols boy, as far as teachers and principal knew, saluted the flag while in the first and second grades of school, and yesterday was the first time he refused.
Miss Yvonne Brooks, the child’s teacher, after trying to prevail on the child, took him to Principal Pashby, who requested the father’s presence at the school.
The principal said that the father condoned his boy’s attitude and quoted the Scriptures at length to prove the validity of his stand.
Principal Pashby also quoted the Scriptures and referred to the passage, “Render unto Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God's," without any impression on the representative of "Jehovah's witness".
Miss Brooks, daughter of a former Lynn minister, said last night that young Nichols is one of her best pupils. She said that she did not doubt the sincerity of the pupil or his family in their scruples.
Can America Be Saved?
(From The Fellowship Forum)
LITTLE does the public seem to realize the gravity of our national peril. Whether the Republic shall survive or perish turns on the ability of Franklin D. Roosevelt to inflict himself on us another four years. With ten billion dollars in his hands for that purpose and with the opposition bewildered and disorganized, he may re-elect himself. If he does, the nation is doomed.
It were suicidal to deceive ourselves. He is clearly determined to wreck the United States. He intends to blot out the States and saddle on us a Fascist dictatorship at Washington. He has demonstrated his contempt for the Constitution. He is daily piling up new proofs. He will openly denounce and reject it as soon as he feels that he dares. Re-election would bring the opportunity that he awaits.
Only outwardly did he accept the recent Supreme Court decisions. Any other course now would foreclose the possibility of his re-election. It was to test the mind of the nation that he railed against the court when its opinions were rendered. Had the reaction been in his favor, he would have settled the question then and there. But he found the people loyal to the Constitution.
In spite of his ostensible submission, he now treats the Constitution with increased disdain. He is whipping through Congress revolutionary statutes which he must know are unconstitutional. His whole batch of "must" bills are of that type. They are rushed through without debate and without a roll-call vote to place members on record.
He has pursued no policy clearly in accord with the Constitution. He proceeds on the theory that America is a gigantic failure and the Constitution a fatal handicap. With Hitler and Mussolini he assumes that government by the people has definitely failed. Its theory is that we have groped in the dark till Roosevelt and Farley and Johnson and Wallace and Tugwell now come with divine mandate to rescue us and take away the liberties that beguiled us.
Every major act whipped through Congress bristles with that theory. It underlies the terrorism of Johnson and Wallace and other tyrants. It is back of the frightful squandering. It is voiced at least by innuendo in all the official propaganda. It laughs at the ideals of George Washington and Thomas Jefferson and John Marshall and Daniel Webster and Abraham Lincoln and the other beacon lights of the Republic.
We face the question whether that theory shall triumph. The question will be definitely settled in the next general election. In the last 100 years only three presidents have served two full terms. All forfeited in the second term the popularity which characterized them in the first. If re-elected next year, Franklin D. Roosevelt would repeat that record with emphasis.
Expediency required by his candidacy now imposes restraints from which he would then be free. Contempt of the Constitution must be now veiled. But it would boldly assert itself then. Open violation of the law defined by the Supreme Court now would be fatal at the ballot box. But he would then be beyond the reach of the voters. What he dare not do now, he could do with impunity then.
The lust for irresponsible power is even now persistent and startling. Never before did executive usurpation require judicial restraint so constant and vigorous. Under protest does the president outwardly yield to that restraint while pushing new usurpations.
What he so obviously seeks to do now, he would do with audacity after his re-election. His wish to reign as a dictator would then be gratified. He could defy both ballots and courts. Both would cease to function or be subordinated to the will of the dictator. The pending election will decide whether the Republic shall survive or perish. Let all good citizens gird for the momentous decision.
THE NEW YORK SUN, THURSDAY, MARCH 8, 1934
U. S. Conferring With Vatican
Roosevelt Said to Favor Establishment of Diplomatic Relations.
Special Cable Dispatch to THE SUN.
Copyright, 1934. All Rights Reserved.
ROME, March 8.—A definite agreement has been reached by President Roosevelt and the Vatican that diplomatic relations shall be established between the United States and the Holy See as soon as public opinion in America can be brought around to the idea, it was learned here today.
This undoubtedly will be denied by both the State Department in Washington and the Vatican. Two or three years may elapse before the plan is effected. It is even possible that it may fall through altogether. But the agreement exists and has been slowly maturing.
Matters have not yet reached the point where the choice of an American ambassador or minister to be appointed to the Holy See has been made, but if a career diplomat is chosen he may be the Chicagoan, Alexander C. Kirk, who is counselor of the American Embassy here. Mr. Kirk flatly denies that any understanding exists and has repeatedly urged that silence be preserved on the subject of the relations between Washington and the Holy See, but he is known to be deeply interested in the possibility.
Began Before Election.
Private, unofficial discussions between Mr. Roosevelt and the Vatican began before the former was elected President and have continued intermittently since. Before the election one of his friends and advisers confidentially assured the Vatican that he would recognize the Holy See if he were elected. This step is thought to have caused the Holy See to regard Mr. Roosevelt's candidacy with great interest.
The present general plan of action was agreed upon by Postmaster-General James A. Farley and Eugenio Cardinal Pacelli, Papal Secretary of State, when Mr. Farley was here last December and conferred with both Pope Pius XI and Cardinal Pacelli, although Mr. Farley, the Vatican and the American Embassy here denied this then and continue to do so.
It was agreed at that time that a cautious campaign should be undertaken to win American public opinion to the idea. It is hoped by means of this strategy gradually to encourage the growth of the idea in America that the establishment of relations is both natural and desirable so that President Roosevelt would be able to give the impression in acting that he was doing so in response to popular demand.
Trial Balloon Sent Up.
The first step in this campaign was the publication on January 10 of a long article in the Vatican organ, Osservatore Romano, in which the subject of American relations with the Vatican was discussed. The astute author of the article made no direct bid for recognition, but confined himself to describing the history of these relations in such a way as to emphasize the view that the relations—which existed until the capture of Rome by the Italians in 1870—were favorably regarded by American public opinion of all beliefs at that time and were broken off not because of any issues between Washington and Rome or of disagreement among the Americans themselves but over other irrelevant questions of American domestic politics.
The fate of this first trial balloon was carefully watched by the Administration and seems to have convinced President Roosevelt that further steps may be safely taken.
In this connection the Vatican's tolerance of the Rev. Charles E. Coughlin of Royal Oak, Mich., "radio priest" and defender of the New Deal, may be significant. It is true that technically the Rev. Mr. Coughlin's participation in politics may be described as a local affair within the competence of the bishop of Detroit. Nevertheless, if the Vatican found Father Coughlin's viewpoint repugnant there is no doubt that he would be silenced.
President Roosevelt's plan is being developed with all the more caution because of the passions aroused during the campaign of Alfred E. Smith.
Following Cautious Course.
An additional reason for both sides making haste slowly is the magnitude of the President's responsibilities on other and more urgent issues, chiefly economic. Also, his bold business policies, which have led opponents to speak of "rebellion" against the established order and his advocacy of prohibition repeal, which led the militant drys to speak of "rum," dictate caution in dealing with the third element of a triad which once caused one of the greatest upheavals in American party politics.
For all of these and other reasons the new plan for exchanging diplomatic representatives has been and will be pursued with the greatest possible caution. The Vatican never makes haste and may well decide that it is better to wait indefinitely than to risk failure.
The Pope himself feels so strongly about premature publication of Vatican news that he has been known to change and even abandon plans solely because they were discovered and printed by newspapers before he considered the occasion appropriate.
One of the considerations pertinent to the question of establishing relations with the Vatican is the theory held in some quarters of the Vatican that such relations legally exist, because they have never been formally terminated since the last American minister, Rufus King, left Rome. Certain church lawyers assert that, while the post of minister has not been filled for sixty-four years, the post as such exists, just as often occurs for shorter times in other diplomatic posts.
DISCUSS ENVOY AT VATICAN
Report Move to Establish Diplomatic Relations With U. S.
By WALLACE R. DEUEL
(Special Cable to The Bulletin)
Rome, March 7.—A definite agreement is reported to have been reached by President Roosevelt and the Vatican that diplomatic relations shall be established between the United States and the Holy See as soon as public opinion in America can be brought around to the idea.
This undoubtedly will be denied by both the State Department in Washington and by the Vatican. Two or three years may elapse before the plan is effected. It is even possible that it may fall through. But the agreement is said to exist and has been slowly maturing.
Private unofficial discussions between Mr. Roosevelt and the Vatican are said to have begun before Mr. Roosevelt was elected and have continued intermittently since. The general plan of action is said to have been agreed upon by Postmaster General James A. Farley and Eugenio Cardinal Pacelli, Papal Secretary of State.
When Farley was here last December, and conferred with both Pope Pius XI and Cardinal Pacelli, although Farley and the American Embassy here denied this then and continue to do so.—(© 1934)
--“And Let Us Be Silent There”
“Why do we sit still? assemble yourselves, and let us enter into the defenced cities, and let us be silent there; for [Jehovah] our God hath put us to silence, and given us water of gall to drink, because we have sinned against [Jehovah].”—Jeremiah 8:14.
IN THE foregoing text the prophet gives advance notice of present-day efforts to prevent a spread of the truth by silence on the part of those whose duty it is to speak.
The prophet Isaiah puts the matter with equal pungency when he says, “And they shall go into the holes of the rocks, and into the caves of the earth, for fear of [Jehovah], and for the glory of his majesty, when he ariseth to shake . . . the earth.”
Elsewhere in this issue there is presented in full the address of Judge Rutherford broadcast, in person, Sunday, October 6, 1935, 10 to 10:15 a.m. on “Saluting a Flag”. By request of The Associated Press he gave that statement.
This broadcast was widely advertised throughout the original “thirteen colonies”. The fourteen stations of the special chain used are listed below.
There is now presented for the delectation of the readers of The Golden Age a copy of a letter written by Walter H. Gates and a facsimile of the reply for the New York Times signed by H. A. Littledale of the New York office.
It will be readily apparent to the readers of The Golden Age that the slogan of the New York Times, instead of being “All the News That’s Fit to Print”, should be changed to read, “All the news that the New York Times sees fit to print.”
As for Mr. Littledale, he was either unintentionally or deliberately misinformed when he wrote his letter, or else the big headline in the middle of page 51 of this issue is 7 pages out of the way. How could an organization like the New York Times fail to find that the speech of Judge Rutherford went out on the chain of stations listed below? Ask the Times.
WBBR New York
WNEW New York
WFEA Manchester
WNAC Boston
WMEX Boston
WMAS Springfield
WORC Worcester
WNBH New Bedford
WICC Bridgeport
WATR Waterbury
WIP Philadelphia
WPG Atlantic City
WFBR Baltimore
WTAR Norfolk 111 Teaneck Road
Ridgefield Park, N. J.
October 7th, 1935
The New York Times
New York, N. Y.
Attention: The Editor
Gentlemen:
I understand that from 10:00 o'clock to 10:15 a.m. yesterday, over a chain of the big Radio Stations, a speech was made by John F. Rutherford, President of the Watch Tower Bible Society. I did not hear of the matter until late yesterday afternoon, therefore I missed the broadcast. However, since the speech was made at the request of the Associated Press and several prominent programs gave their time to make way for the special item referred to, I naturally expected to find the text of the speech in this morning's "Times".
I have searched this morning's edition and failed to find any mention whatsoever, which very much surprises me as I have always felt the New York Times, an outstanding paper is giving all the important news, and giving it in true detail. Considering the nature of the Broadcast, its Biblical references, its sponsors, and the special arrangements necessary for putting it on the air, I cannot understand why you have not printed the speech.
With reluctance I want to believe that The New York Times has any biased views; but rather leads American Journalism in the matter of serving the people as a newspaper exercising its constitutional rights, printing all sides of any question, so that people may be able to form their own opinions in a fair way.
Therefore, since you apparently have omitted the item in question, may I ask you your reason in doing so? Your answer either through the columns of your paper or by mail (stamped envelope enclosed) will be appreciated.
Very truly yours,
Walter H. Gates
Repercussions of the Lynn Case
THE Lynn flag-saluting case continues to attract attention. For refusing to salute the flag eight-year-old Carleton Nichols was expelled from school despite various Massachusetts laws which stipulate, among other things, "Every child between 7 and 14 shall attend a public school. The School Committee shall enforce attendance. No child shall be excluded on account of race, color or religion." Other Massachusetts children have taken a stand similar to that by Carleton. They will not be coerced. Here and there is an American editor who sees the issue plainly. Such a one is the editor of the Buffalo Courier-Express, which, under the caption "Pashbyism at Lynn", had the following:
"In his own little sphere as a public school principal in Lynn, Mass., William A. Pashby* seems determined that Pashbyism shall be over all just as Hitlerism is over all in Germany, religion included. It is a pity that the American flag has been subjected to such abuses as Pashby, a World War veteran, has put it. Instead of serving as an instrument whereby to defend religion, the American flag should continue to be known as the standard whereunder religion can be pursued as one's conscience dictates. . . . No robot has yet been invented to determine when we poor weak mortals are moved by high principles or merely by stubborn desire to have our own way. Perhaps none can be. So one will have to do his own guessing as to what underlies Pashbyism. If we must make fools of ourselves every now and then by trying to sustain a position which we ought never to have created, at least we ought not to try to cover up under the flag."
* Pashby is a Roman Catholic "educated" in a Catholic school.
Pashby-like Nazi Troopers Fight the Babies
BRAVE Nazi troopers in Berlin have risen to the point where they are now sufficiently courageous to fight the babies. Five hundred Jewish children, between the ages of 6 and 14, were told by the social welfare workers that they might not henceforth have their turn at playing in the sunshine, because they are not Aryans.
D.A.R. Still Making Automatons
THE Daughters of the American Revolution do not like Americans, but they do revel in automatons. It is their thought that if everybody on this side of the ocean can be compelled to go through certain forms and genuflections, then everything will be all right, no matter what is in their heads and hearts. Hitler has the same idea; so has Mussolini; so has Stalin; so has the pope. If there is ever held a parade of all the forces that are opposed to that for which the United States government was founded, they should put Ambrose, Mussolini, Hitler and Stalin in the front automobile and a good wagonload of the Daughters of the American Revolution in the second one. Force in education, force in everything, seems to be about the only idea they have. The D.A.R., with infinite stupidity, is now urging a Teachers' Oath Bill in every state, and this from teachers that are as old as most of the D.A.R. ladies themselves, and that is saying a great deal.
One More Star in Roosevelt's Crown
PUT one more star in President Roosevelt's Roman Catholic crown. Victor Ridder, Roman Catholic, New York publisher, was appointed to succeed General Hugh S. Johnson as Works Progress Administrator for New York City. This means that Catholic out-of-works will eat in New York city this winter, whether non-Catholics do or not. The Catholic News says gleefully of Mr. Ridder that he "takes over the most important regional post in the WPA, involving the expenditure of millions of dollars".
Jefferson, Hamilton, or Ratti?
Protests Against Dictatorship
FORMER Senator James A. Reed stated in a recent speech that the national administration in the United States had subjected "almost the entire business of the country to a dictatorship more obnoxious than that of the monsters who control the enslaved peoples of many European countries". He said, further, "The present administration, having abandoned the precepts of the Democratic platform and the solemn commands of the Constitution, is drifting upon a sea of Bolshevism, Socialism and Red Internationalism. The major portions of its acts are rendering real recovery impossible."
Professor Gustave Cassels, in the Svenska Dagbladet, Stockholm, said, "A dictatorship has no right to exist if it is unable to contribute to the reconstruction of world economy. But dictatorships have not done so. Instead they have introduced economic experiments strikingly reminiscent of quack doctors' methods. Developments have been almost identical in Germany, the United States and Russia."
The Revolution at Washington
REFERRING to the revolution now under way at Washington, which revolution received a setback by the decision of the United States Supreme Court against the NRA, the Titusville (Pa.) Herald says:
"There is absolutely no question that Mr. Roosevelt and his followers, including the Brain Trust, are fixed upon the course of changing the form of our government, and we must make up our minds without very much delay if we are going to permit it. We must watch every action at Washington. The effort is subtle and well concealed and the trick may be turned almost before we know it. The question every person in this country must answer is: Are we ready to surrender the liberties that have made this country, with all its faults, the greatest nation the world has ever produced? There is no avoiding the issue. It must be met sooner or later."
When the NRA Went Overboard
WHEN the NRA went overboard, the next morning after the Supreme Court decision several concerns were ready with announcements of longer hours and less wages for their employees. Within a week forty-three different kinds of business had thrown the NRA to the dogs and were at it again, cutting wages and lengthening hours as in the 'happy days' before NRA ever disturbed their happiness.
Who Runs the United States?
HUEY Long, who was regarded by Clarence Darrow as one of America's most valuable men, charged that James A. Farley directly interfered with the course of justice in Tennessee, causing the removal of a United States attorney who was about to indict the Davis gang of Nashville for hundreds of forgeries and other similar crimes, and replacing him with another man sent down from the department of justice at Washington to put the kibosh on the proceedings. Huey spoke feelingly of President Roosevelt. He said: "The only difference between Roosevelt and Hoover is that Hoover didn't do anything, while Roosevelt didn't do anything but gave you a song and dance while not doing it."
Bar Tired of Washington Mix-up
THE American Bar Association is tired of the mix-up at Washington, where, in so many of the Commissions, the legislative and judicial departments have been almost completely absorbed by the executive. Its committee on commercial law and bankruptcy says in its report to the Association as a whole:
"The present situation cannot be right and cannot be justified. We should not have some seventy-three midget courts in Washington, most of them exercising legislative and executive as well as judicial powers. A man should not be judge in his own case, and the combination of prosecutor and judge in these bureaucratic tribunals must be relentlessly exposed and combatted."
Out to Preserve the Constitution
A SECRET national political organization, composed of Jeffersonian Democrats and staunch Republicans, called the American Nationalists, Inc., is said to be responsible for the recent Rhode Island congressional election, regarded as a test vote on the Roosevelt policies. It has but one purpose: protection of the United States Constitution and American policies and ideals against anything un-American.
The People Will Never Do It Willingly
JAMES T. Williams, Jr., writing in the Chicago American, says:
"No thinking American taking the trouble to inform himself concerning the personnel or performance of the present Congress will ever vote to scrap the Constitution, junk the Supreme Court and give to this or any other Congress despotic power over the life and liberty of every man, woman and child under the flag."
The $4,880,000,000 Relief Resolution
SENATOR SCHALL, of Minnesota, referring to the $4,880,000,000 relief resolution, said on the floor of the United States Senate:
"'I have not read the bill,' smilingly said our president of the $5,000,000,000 relief resolution. Either he knows or he does not. If he does not, it seems passing strange that all of these things could happen so in sequence and in perfect order, with such definite and purposeful ends, without a master brain and hand behind them. The courageous senator from Michigan (Mr. Couzens) has already called the turn in his declaration that whoever wrote this resolution should be hanged. But whoever inspired it, whoever wrote it or whoever condones it, it is a stealthy cunning circumvention of the Constitution. It is the culmination of a treasonous plot. It explains the planned emergencies and forced chaos that has tied hand and foot and gagged a docile, trusting, obedient, law-abiding, bewildered people. If this relief measure passes the Senate, as requested by the president, it would be the final step in delivering us into a worse condition of servitude than our forefathers crossed the ocean and built this nation to escape."
Achievements of the Foreign Legion
SENATOR SCHALL, of Minnesota, told the United States Senate something of the achievements of the 37,000 foreign agents that are in America trying to run the country. He gave them large credit for bringing about shipments of coal from England, potatoes from Ireland, iron ingots from India, and glass and lace from Belgium. He thought it quite remarkable that the meat for the CCC camps was purchased from Argentina, which camps are now costing more than the standing army. He was amazed at the success of these agents in bringing in cotton from the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, gunny cloth from India, copper from Canada and Africa, milk and cream from Canada, canned tomatoes from Italy, green peas from Mexico, and hides and cheese from Australia. He marveled that the United States cannot pay $400,000,000 bonus due the soldiers, but can cheerfully pay out of the treasury the annual interest, $750,000,000, which the allies agreed to pay on their debts, but which with the exception of Finland they have agreed not to pay. Concerning France Mr. Schall said: "One billion three hundred million dollars was loaned to France after the armistice. Yet they tell us, 'We cannot pay you a cent.' Although France has loaned something like $17,000,000,000 since the war to other nations, yet she cannot pay the United States one penny." Mr. Schall paid his respects to the financial acumen of the foreign legion in the following interesting passage:
"Any political convention that has a chance to elect a president attracts the foreign eye. I was told that at the 1920 convention there was enough foreign money present to pay off the German indemnity. Since the war foreign countries have taken an extraordinary interest in the nominations of our presidents in both Democratic and Republican parties. Our present president up to the time that he took the governor's chair in New York was a member of the board of directors of the International Bankers Association; and speaking of the governorship of New York, there was $80,000,000 in the state treasury when he came in, and when he left there was a deficit of $90,000,000. He is some spender. I heard two Negroes quarreling in that convention of 1920. One of them had received $3,000 and the other one only $2,500, and the fellow who got $2,500 was sore." (Laughter.)
Why, Senator Schall!
SENATOR SCHALL, of Minnesota, must have been on his ear or on his dignity or on something when he said in the United States Senate:
"Never before in the history of this nation has our government stooped to such lying and deceit as we have witnessed in Washington during the past two years. Fully 99 percent of all the statements issued by these Government press agencies are falsehoods. They are designed to deceive the people and make them believe their government is trying to help them, when just the opposite is the purpose of this maladministration of our affairs. Every day a dozen or more of these untrue statements are handed to the press and radio, printed, and broadcast as truth. Not even under the Soviet rule in Russia are so many barefaced untruths given out as Government facts. Our government has resolved itself into a propaganda bureau for disseminating falsehoods to its citizens."
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