Golden Age, October 10, 1934
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crhe Golden Age
A JOURNAL OF FACT HOPE AND COURAGE
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in this issue
ABOUT THE HUMAN BODY
THE NEXT WAR
NEWS NOTES
RESURRECTION
THE GREAT PYRAMID: OF GOD OR OF SATAN?
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every other
WEDNESDAY
five cents a copy one dollar a year Canada & Foreign 1.25
Vol. XVI - No. 393
October 10, 1934
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CONTENTS
• • • ■ ......— ■ .....■ ■■ । । ii i— ■ •
LABOR AND ECONOMICS
Pensions for All over Sixty ... 9
Economics of Robinson Crusoe . 10
What Broke the United States . . 10
Seattle Milk Dumped into Sewer . 21
SOCIAL AND EDUCATIONAL
Utopian Society Replaces Technocracy 11
Contrasts in the Day’s News . . 11
Making Progress Backwards ... 11 “Patriotism Has Lost Its Reason” 16 American Films O.K. in France . 23
MANUFACTURING AND MINING
Whipstocked Oil Wells .... 20
FINANCE—COMMERCE—TRANSPORTATION
Britain Losing Out to Japan . . 13
Railway Amalgamation in Canada 16
Jewish Boycott Cuts German Exports 16
Largest Deficit of Peace Times . . 19
Utilities Fight People of Bethlehem 20
Public Debt of the United States . 20
A Capitalist’s Patriotism .... 20
Universal Waybill to South America 20
LT. S. Factories in Canada ... 20
Huge Munitions Sales
POLITICAL—DOMESTIC AND FOREiGN
The Next War
Gift of Rifles to the Legion ... 12
Postal Savings Banks
Mothers May Transmit Citizenship 12
“British Honor”
Gains of the Defaulters .... 13
Russell on Conditions in India . . 14
Sheep and Goats in Austria ... 15
Thyssen’s Power in Germany . . 15
AGRICULTURE AND HUSBANDRY
Twenty Pigs Went to Market . . 21
Army of Gulls at Ogden .... 21
Varieties of Electric Fish ... 21
SCIENCE AND INVENTION
Strange New Light Found ... 19
The Tesla Death Beams .... 21
New Fog Howler Is a Success . . 21
HOME AND HEALTH
This and That About the Human Body.....3
Doctor Kills His Own Child ... 31
Vaccination Suit in Wisconsin . . 31 In the Sixteenth Century ... 31
TRAVEL AND MISCELLANY
Achievements of Fascism ... 16
British Cotton Workers in China . 13
Telephone Blunder in Italy ... 24
150 Churches Burned.....24
RELIGION AND PHILOSOPHY
Resurrection........17
NR A and the Kingdom of God . . 19
Uses of Benedictine Wine ... 23
Mexicans Seem to Be in Earnest . 24
Souls in “Purgatory” Get Raw Deal 25
The Pope’s Flock......25
Saved the Boxes Full of Gold . . 25
The Great Pyramid:
of God or of Satan? .... 25
----—-------------------------
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Clayton J. Woodworth President Nathan H. Knorr Vice President
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The Golden Age
Volume XVI Brooklyn, N. Y., Wednesday, October 10, 1934 Number 393
This and That About the Human Body
THE human body, like all other bodies, animate and inanimate, has size, measured up and down and around, and weight, and exterior and interior. In this article we shall not attempt to exhaust the subject; in fact, the human body, with its various organs and divisions, forms a well-nigh inexhaustible subject for study, and we do not anticipate that we shall do much more than merely touch upon that subject here and there.
As to the size of the human body, up and down, or its height, this varies a great deal, many of us being short and the rest of us tall (excepting, of course, those who are just average). Whatever may be the advantage of the tall, short and average arrangement, it at least makes for variety; and variety is something the human creature seems to crave. Nothing is more distasteful to the mind than sameness. The size of the individual is something about w7hich he has very little to say, particularly his height, and we have the Bible’s authority for it that no one can by “being anxious” add a cubit to his stature. That being the case, it is just as well for everybody to be satisfied with what he is, and not to fret about that which cannot be adjusted. When all is said and done, there is no merit in being either tall or short or neither.
When it comes to growth or lack of it, it is probable that those who are moderately short would not want to be of the size of John Aasen, of San Francisco, who measures 8 feet 9 inches and weighs 406 pounds. Doors are generally not made more than seven feet high; and so, anyone who is so indiscreet as to grow taller than that is put to considerable inconvenience in getting through the world. Those of our readers who are rather taller than the average may be glad that they are not so tall as John. Again, they would probably dislike the idea of “growing” shorter, the way Lillie Meyers, of Brooklyn, New York, did during the years from 1922 to 1927, in which time she lost ten inches in height. One instinctively shrinks from the thought of having to undergo such a reducing process.
It is said, on good authority, that lying down increases one’s height, or length, sometimes as much as an inch, depending upon the individual’s size to begin with. It seems that men gain a little more than women when reclining. But all this is only temporary, for the increased height disappears in the course of the day’s activities.
W'hen a boy, however, finds that he has grown to be six feet eight inches tall at the age of 14, he might be excused for trying to have something done about it. Willard Akin, of Denver, at least, thinks so, and has submitted to hypodermic injections of secretions taken from the frontal lobe of the pituitary gland. It may work, but it sounds risky.
Just a word about the way an individual’s height may be “distributed”. Some are longlegged and short above the waist, while others are proportionately shorter in the lower part of the body, and long from the waist up. In view of this fact we may question the claim of European scientists that they have worked out tables by which the height of prehistoric persons can be estimated by measuring one or two bones. We make no bones about saying that we don’t believe it.
The Skin and Beneath
As to the size of the body, around, we shall consider that a little later in the course of this ‘learned’ treatise. Just now we want to take a look at the outside, that is, the skin. The saying that beauty is only skin-deep is not true. The skin cannot be good-looking if it is not healthy, and it cannot be healthy if the body over which it is stretched is unhealthy. That sounds logical, doesn’t it? On the other hand, an unlovely skin will detract immensely from an otherwise well-proportioned and good-looking body or face.
The skin which covers the human body is
made up of two layers. The outer layer is protective as well as ornamental. The inner layer contains the glands, blood vessels and nerves, all of them, of course, very minute. A healthy skin is slightly moist (only slightly) and soft and pliable. If the skin is dry or oily the glands are not doing their work as they should. It doesn’t do much good to apply something on the outside. Proper food and needful rest, together with cleanliness, will do more good than all the lotions and creams that the drug stores offer. It is not necessary to use cream instead of water to cleanse the face. Perhaps you won’t believe it, but men have better complexions than women, taking them all in all. We hesitate to say this, but the truth must be told. Vegetables and fruits help to keep the system clean and the skin clear. Some advocate applying carrot juice and pineapple juice to the skin. Better apply it from the inside, however. That will do more good, benefiting not only the skin, but the rest of your organism.
Covering and Changing the Skin
Speaking of the skin, a Japanese physician had his entire body covered with thin paper, which was then removed, cut into flat pieces, and measured. Doctor Takahira found that it took 16 square feet of skin to cover him. He is 5 feet 6 inches tall. It is obviously wrong to refer to the skin as one’s birthday suit. The skin, together with the rest of the body, is changed every seven years.
If two-thirds of the body surface is burned the victim cannot possibly live. The skin performs an important function, that of breathing out the poisonous substances which are developed as a result of the activity of the body. Sometimes, in theatrical performances, a person is covered with gold paint to make him look like something he is not, an angel, for instance. (We don’t know who was responsible for the idea that angels have gold bodies.) Such gilding or other ornamentation of the skin, if not removed quickly, will cause the death of the individual, and the whole business is a risky one at best. The paint must be applied over something else to prevent its being absorbed.
It is not uncommon for savages and other uncivilized people to attempt an improvement on the work of the Creator by tattooing the skin with disfiguring marks, the entire body sometimes being covered with ludicrous designs and crude pictures. The Hebrews, when in divine favor, were forbidden to make any marks on their bodies.
Sun baths are a tonic to the skin, and are said to be beneficial because they decrease the sensitiveness of the skin. It is the ultra-violet rays, not the heat of the sun, that produce sunburn. Blonds are likely to develop freckles instead of an even tan. Some think that freckles and tan are nature’s way of providing a shield for the delicate nerve endings beneath the skin. Waves of high frequency are used in the treatment of disorders requiring internal warmth.
On Keeping Warm
American workmen employed close to a shortwave (10 meters) wireless station developed high temperatures as a result of the waves. This gave doctors an idea for the treatment of patients requiring maximum exposure to sun and air. Their beds being placed between two aerials, it was possible to dispense with bedclothes. The waves kept them warm.
The human body constantly gives off heat, and is therefore something like a stove. Instruments devised to measure the amount of heat given off by persons under different conditions show that a man with malarial fever and chills stores up large amounts of heat without affecting his surface temperature. In the normal body 65 percent of the heat generated is radiated, as heat which we do not need must be disposed of in some way. At the normal temperature of 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit an individual sends out enough heat every hour to raise three pints of water from room temperature to the boiling point.
Another item about the skin. People who drink too much alcohol often have red noses, and Dr. B. Kauders, of Vienna, has discovered that this is the result of damage to the part of the brain which governs the operation of the smaller blood vessels, resulting in a continually distended condition of these vessels in the nose and other parts of the face.
There was nothing the matter with the skin of S. H. Robison, of Greenville, Ohio, so far as anybody could see, but in the space of five months he changed from a white man to a black man, as far as his color is concerned. Outside, or inside, of that he is just as good as he was before.
How Much to Weigh
Now as to the weight of the human body. Here is a table which represents the average weight according to height and age. When all is said and done, the human creature refuses to he tabled and labeled, and so considerable allowance must be made for individual differences. Just because two persons happen to be of the same height is by no means a proof that they should weigh exactly the same. But here is the table:
Height
Ages
15-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-60
5'
0"
5'
1"
5'
2"
5'
3"
5'
4"
5'
5"
5'
6"
5'
7"
5'
8"
5'
9"
5'10"
5'11"
6'
0"
6'
1"
6'
2"
6'
3"
A person should weigh about two pounds for every inch of his height, according to another authority. This would make no considerable variation from the above table. Generally speaking, women will weigh slightly less and men rather more than indicated in the table. If you are ten percent above the average, don’t worry. If you are ten percent under, you need not worry, either, but you might look into your eating habits.
Insurance companies consider an underweight person a better risk than one who is overweight. Thin people are not so likely to succumb to diseases, but are more susceptible to influenza or tuberculosis than are those who are overweight. The latter are liable to such ills as diabetes and gall bladder trouble, as well as high blood pressure and fatty degeneration of the heart.
If one is very thin he is likely to be conscious of his meal (after eating it), and to be troubled with a feeling of heaviness. This is due to the fact that there is nothing to support the stomach properly. This organ tends to hang down too low and to create discomfort, in such cases.
Those who are twenty-five or more pounds underweight show twice the number of deaths from tuberculosis as compared with those of average or more than average weight. Fat folks do not often die of this disease.
(tWe Glory in Our Fat”
Not all fat people are dissatisfied with their condition. One of them said, “We glory in our fat, our laughter, good temper, sociability, our appreciation of food and drink and company. We would rather die in full possession of our faculties in middle age than totter about in scrawny-legged misery a few extra years, lean and unlovely. . . .”
One genial soul, “Aunt Mamie” Williams, of Jacksonville, Florida, a colored mammy who at one time tipped the scales at 798 pounds, accused troublesome neighbors of causing her to lose 200 pounds and to make her “feel poorly”.
Many folks tend to take on weight toward middle age. This process is called the “middleage spread”. It is often considered to be a normal and natural thing, but is likely to be the result of wrong eating.
There is also a tendency, particularly among women, to increase in weight in winter. Cause, same as in preceding paragraph, and less activity.
When not replenished by food the average human body loses about three pounds in weight daily, due to evaporation of moisture through the lungs and pores and the losses due to activity.
Fat people often make heroic efforts to reduce. Some unwise young women, only slightly overweight, have brought about their death by “slimming”. Nitrophenol drugs, often used for this purpose, are dangerous. The effort to reduce by improper methods or to an unreasonable degree may also result in undermining the constitution to the extent of bringing about a nervous breakdown.
One radio corporation which broadcasts health exercises stated that in the space of one year 82,000 persons wanted to know how to reduce. Reducing remedies such as salts, tablets or pills, advertised as safe, harmless and efficient, bring results, but they are neither safe nor harmless, and should be avoided. There are proper ways and means of eliminating excess fat and reducing the weight to reasonable proportions. Figures published by the Public Health Service indicate that it is an advantage to be under the average weight when middle age is reached.
How to Reduce
The raw food diet helps reduce weight without injury to the body. One of the benefits resulting from this diet is that the intake of common table salt is greatly reduced or entirely eliminated. Persons eating foods seasoned with salt have in their organism from two to four ounces of this inorganic substance, which must be kept in solution. This requires 112 ounces (seven pounds) of water for every ounce of salt. The water which makes up a large percentage of the human body is chemically very similar to sea water. Some of the constituents of this “solution” are beneficial and necessary; others, harmful.
When one goes on a raw food diet the salt deposit is gradually eliminated and the excessive amount of water required to keep it in solution is no longer' necessary. Experiments have proved that the use of salt will substantially increase the weight of the user. When it is discontinued the weight is reduced, particularly in the case of fat persons.
It undoubtedly requires a considerable amount of determination for a person who inclines to be fat to deny himself the foods which he is likely to crave the most. But the benefits resulting from a reducing diet and a subsequently properly balanced diet will undoubtedly repay the “faster” for his self-denial. Besides, fat is considered the foe of beauty. A bulging waistline, a double chin or a generally overstutfed appearance is deemed undesirable.
We give here, in separate paragraphs, suggestions from various sources as to what should he done to reduce, in addition to the raw food diet already mentioned.
1. Get out in the fresh air, take plenty of exercise, drink nothing but pure water, eat only raw fruits and raw vegetables without seasoning, and go to bed early, getting all the sleep you can. This recipe is guaranteed to bring about wonderful physical and mental improvement.
2. Proper feeding, proper exercise, proper elimination and massage.
3. Massage reduces only the weight of the masseur. Sweat rooms and Turkish baths are no more effective. Generate your own heat if reduction of weight is your object. A cold bath of five minutes, at 59 degrees Fahrenheit, will cause the loss of the energy represented by one egg or nine oysters. (Then why eat the oysters in the first place?)
4. Skating is a wonderful “reducer”. It does not encourage undue muscular development and causes no ugly saggings where the flesh has subsided.
5. Diet and exercise. The fattening foods are: All fats and oils, whether of animal or of vegetable origin; all starchy foods; and all concentrated sweet food. Obviously such foods should be avoided. Fish, eggs, buttermilk, the succulent vegetables and fresh juicy fruits are not fattening.
And, in addition to these, there is horseback riding and walking. No doubt climbing stairs and knocking on doors is also effective.
The Benefit of Exercise
Reviewing all these enthusiastic recommendations, probably derived largely from experience, we believe it will be agreed that they are worth considering. Obviously overeating is likely to result in excess weight. This is not by any means the invariable result. Many people eat far more than they should and still remain thin or of normal proportions. Nor is it wise for fat people to entirely eliminate nourishing foods from the diet, though a gradual reduction is not only a good thing, but imperative. Natural foods are the least likely to tempt the individual to overeat. Whole-wheat bread, unpolished rice, and raw foods of all kinds do not unduly excite the appetite. Under normal conditions the appetite would be a safe guide to the kinds and quantities of food that should be eaten; but, with so much highly seasoned and refined food, it is easy to eat to excess and still fail to get the proper elements for the body’s needs.
As for exercises, there is much to be said for them, and something against them. Dr. Jesse F. Williams, professor of physical education, made the statement that morning setting-up exercises and a cold plunge are injurious more often than beneficial. Arthur E. Bagley, director of the health programs broadcast by the Metropolitan Insurance Company, has close to a million letters testifying to the benefits of morning exercises in “tuning up the physical and nervous organism”, correcting posture and building up the individual’s energy. Exercises, when properly balanced, bring into play all the 400 or more muscles in the human body. But every person must be treated as an individual case. What would be too much effort for one would be too little for another, and vice versa. The individual’s inclinations should not be entirely disregarded. When exercise becomes burdensome and entirely distasteful it is not likely to do much good. To go through a stipulated number of movements regardless of the feelings and inclinations of the person is as unprofitable as eating so many meals a day or drinking just so many glasses of water just because someone said that is the thing to do.
How Much Should One Exercise?
Gentle exercise stimulates the flow of digestive fluids in the stomach, but severe, protracted and violent exercise retards the flow, which is subsequently greatly increased. Gentle exercise hastens the emptying of the stomach; severe exertion delays digestion.
If the heart is healthy, exercise is all right; but if the heart has been affected by disease, one must be careful about exercising.
One German physical-training instructor uses animals as examples of the proper way to exercise. After a given number of lessons the pupil becomes proficient in imitating an animal such as, perhaps, the monkey. A good many persons manage quite well without the lessons.
A better suggestion is to watch the children at play and note their enthusiasm and naturalness, or, better still, play with them.
One authority says that exercises should be slow, smooth, regular and rhythmical. That sounds all right, but we have often wondered what makes anyone an “authority” in a thing of that kind.
Special apparatus is undesirable. A man of fifty needs a gentler form of exercise than the man of thirty. Moderation should be the rule, and fresh air is an indispensable ally.
Labor is not “exercise”. The man doing hard work is most likely to be overdeveloped in one way and underdeveloped in another. Exercises will offset the uneven use of the body, bringing into play muscles not used in performing the routine tasks of the shop and office. Spinal curvatures have been measurably corrected by means of counteracting exercises.
Physical Culture
That there is something in this exercise business, or physical culture, is evidenced by the fact that Bernarr Facfadden made a tremendous success of his Physical Culture magazine, incidentally becoming a millionaire. If he was not the pioneer of physical culturists, he is certainly among the few who have kept before the minds of the public the importance of exercise and other physical culture ideas. Walter Camp, with his “daily dozen”, was another leader in the field. When it comes to adopting forms of exercise recommended by enthusiastic physical culturists there is an endless variety to choose from. One recommends this kind of exercises, and another something else. But the basic idea of them all is that the muscles must be used— all the muscles. The degree and manner in which they shall be exercised is a matter of individual judgment. Undoubtedly almost everyone is much benefited by some form of exercise. It has done wonders for many sickly and underdeveloped individuals, particularly when combined with other health measures. The effort of some ambitious youths to develop bulging muscles has sometimes resulted disastrously.
The reasonable objective of exercise should be the development of a natural body, evenly distributed muscles, and a reasonable degree of endurance. Strength and endurance are different things. Strength depends upon the muscles; endurance, upon the state of the blood. Care should be taken not to develop the body at the expense of the internal organs. Gymnastics, therefore, should be followed not merely to develop the muscles here and there, but the entire man.
The healthy human body seeks for activity of some kind. It demands the opportunity to use the strength it possesses. A healthy person will not sit still unless induced to do so by artificial surroundings. Looking at a ball game, sitting in a motion-picture house, riding in an automobile, are results of civilization which bring with them the disuse and consequent deterioration of the muscles.
Amounts of physical activity said to be necessary to healthy persons at various ages are four hours daily at the age of five, five hours from seven to nine, six hours from nine to eleven, five hours from eleven to thirteen, four hours from thirteen to sixteen, three hours from sixteen to eighteen, two from eighteen to twenty, and one hour daily for persons over twenty years of age. This, no doubt, represents the minimum amount of activity necessary to maintain good health. More is better.
Exercise benefits the body because it stimulates the action of the heart and sends larger quantities of blood to the various parts of the body, in turn benefiting both the vital organs and the muscles.
Give Nature a Chance
Children seem to grow and develop with a fair amount of symmetry even when no systematic exercises are prescribed by learned professors. Common sense tells us that if we give nature a fair chance the results will not be wholly disappointing. The trouble is that grown-ups force themselves to follow an unnatural course for financial or other considerations. Necessity compels them to work at unhealthful occupations for long hours at a stretch, and the additional burden of forced exercises after a weary day of labor does not appear either desirable or necessary. But a half hour devoted to such balancing exercises will yield far more beneficial results than indulging the apparent demand of the body for rest. Children incline to make a game out of their tasks, or injecting into their activities the spontaneous spirit of play. They do things with a hop, skip and a jump, and wise elders will not forget that when all is said and done they are but children grown a little bigger. A grandma who skips and romps with her grandchildren is grandma in name only. Actually she is a playmate and pal, and, incidentally, a lot of fun.
Forcing all the children in a class to go through the same kind and the same amount of exercise is stupid. Each pupil is an individual case, and group tactics are unjust to every member of the class, whether advantaged or disadvantaged by them.
Walking for Exercise
Walking as an exercise is better than sitting still while riding in an automobile. Indeed, stepping along briskly with chest out and arms swinging is a builder of vitality. This seems to be going out of fashion, and so golf is considered a necessary diversion by those who have the time and money to indulge in the pastime. But walking is cheaper, and to most of us just as much fun, especially out of town.
One hundred and twenty steps a minute is the standard pace for the army. A faster pace requires the expenditure of more effort. Perhaps the best pace for the individual is the one that happens to meet the inclination of the moment. Of course, sauntering along is hardly an exercise. One writer says that increasing the pace to 125, 130 or even 140 steps a minute is good for one who wants to reduce. We are told that the results will surprise us. Surplus weight will be reduced, girth diminished, the respiratory effort deepened, and the heart strengthened. You will tingle with the glow of the increased circulation and the healthy perspiration, and by following the walk with a hot soapy scrub and a cold shower, together with five or ten minutes on your back, you will feel that you could "whip your weight in wildcats”. All of which sounds good.
Exercise, physical activity, is not a rest from brain-work. In a school where pupils studied hard the entire week, the principal "rested” them by taking them for an all-day hike one day a week. The result was a lot of cases of typhoid, grippe and brain-fag. An adjacent school, though housed in an unsanitary building, had no sickness at all. The body requires rest and relaxation. The provision for sabbaths (rest days) made in the old Jewish law, while pictorial, appear to have had a very practical reason back of them, also.
The nervous system is a very important part of the organism. Worry, excitement and noise irritate the nervous system and interfere with both work and rest. Efficiency is noticeably reduced by noises and disturbances, and rest periods are robbed of much of their effectiveness by discordant sounds and surroundings.
Massage is beneficial to the body, but as a reducer of surplus fat it does the "massager” more good than the “massagee”. The Hindus, Persians, Greeks and Romans were familiar with the art long before the Swedes and Finns made it their specialty. The Chinese have been using it for more than three thousand years. In Japan blind men often specialize in massage treatments, and are frequently seen, or rather heard, loudly advertising their profession in the streets, just as peddlers of various kinds may still be heard to make their presence known in American cities.
The Weaker Sex?
Speaking of strength of body, women are not by any means the weaker sex. In many European and Asiatic countries the women work as hard as the men, and frequently they work harder. Women are said to have greater tenacity of life than men. In hospitals male patients will make more fuss and give the nurses more trouble than patients of the opposite sex, nine cases out of ten. The average woman stands pain better than the average man. So the doctors tell us; and they should know. To every 29 girls that die at birth there are 36 boys that die. Women live longer than men; and though they are weaker than men in some respects, they are stronger in other respects. Indian women, according to an observer, "are made for labor; and one of them can carry or haul as much as two men.”
Whereas the average woman is 5 feet 4 inches high, the average man is 5 feet 8 inches. When it comes to length of body, however, there is an average difference of only one inch, which indicates that the average woman has better vital organs than the average man.
And now we have about reached the end of our remarks about the human body. Not much has been said about the kind of exercises that should be adopted to keep it fit. Natural movements, such as turning, bending, and moving various parts of the body are the best. They should be continued long enough to induce a slight feeling of fatigue, but no more. Those who are naturally strong will require more strenuous exercises than the slight-figured type. The latter should not be too anxious for muscular development, but seek rather to keep the body in trim by making use of every muscle for a short period daily. Regularity in exercising is of importance. Intermittent and irregular efforts yield no satisfactory results. As strength increases, the exercises may be made somewhat more strenuous, depending upon the individual. Let the objective be to have a balanced and natural body and one that enables you to perform the work that you are called upon to do.
The Next War By J. Skillicorn (Australia)
(Reprinted from Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners’ Advocate)
IT IS quite evident that we are again on the verge of what will probably be the most frightful war ever known.
Notwithstanding the fact that we were assured that the last war was a war to end wars, we are now about to be plunged into another infernal blood bath, with all its misery and degradation, its poison gases, pestilence, and devastation, anguish, death, and desolation.
This means that thousands of the virile youths of the various countries are to be cut off in their bloom in a war which is to be waged in support of vested interest, in a war to enrich pious tricksters and consummate scoundrels, who in the last war enhanced profit from every shot that was fired.
This statement is borne out by an admission in the British House of Commons which shows that Britain paid royalty to Krupp’s, and the German government paid royalty to British capitalists, while the soldiers were shattering each other to fragments.
In view of such heinous, barbarous, and pernicious transactions, I would ask: Is there any sane father who will advise his sons to participate in the next war? Is there any mother who will be willing to sacrifice her sons to be slaughtered by guns which send a ton of steel at a muzzle velocity of 3,000 feet a second? We were told that a grateful country would never forget those who participated in the last war, and in some cases that promise has been honored. For instance, Admiral Beatty received a Government grant of £100,000, Lord Haig £100,000, Admiral Jellicoe £50,000, General French £50,000, General Allenby £50,000, Generals Plumer, Rawlinson, Home, and Byng each £30,000, General Hankey £25,000, Generals Robertson, Birdwood, Wilson, Trenchard, and Admirals Madden, Sturdee, Roebuck, Keyes, and Tyrwhitt each £10,000. They will also get ordinary pensions and retiring allowances. But this does not apply to those unfortunates who occupied the trenches. They do not receive £100,000 grants. On the contrary, we find that in England their dependents in June and July, 1915, were actually starving. The Weekly Dispatch stated on July 2 that they had over 5,000 complaints, and were receiving up to 600 complaints per day. ‘We find that innumerable veterans have ended their days in workhouses, including those of the gallant Six Hundred.”
From the year 1496 B.C. to A.D. 1862 there were 3,130 years of war. Within the last three centuries there have been 286 wrars in Europe. From the year 1500 B.C. to A.D. 1860 more than 8,000 treaties of peace were concluded. The average time they remained in force was two years.
Pensions for All over Sixty
T\r. F. E. Townsend, of Long Beach, California, wants to bring prosperity by a pension of $200 monthly to every citizen, man or woman, over 60 who will retire from further labor for gain and will take oath to spend the pension within 30 days from receiving the same. The fund would be raised by a sales tax.
Economics of Robinson Crusoe—New Style
SAYS Samuel Danziger, in the Vancouver
Organizer:
“ ‘Friday,’ said Robinson Crusoe, ‘I’m sorry, I fear I must lay you off.’
“ ‘What do you mean, master ?’
“ ‘Why, you know there’s a big surplus of last year’s crop. I don’t need you to plant another this year. I’ve got enough goat-skin clothes to last me a lifetime. My house needs no repairs. I can gather turtle eggs myself. There’s an overproduction. When I need you I’ll send for you. You needn’t wait around here.’
“‘That’s all right, master. I’ll plant my own crop, build my own hut and gather all the eggs and nuts I want myself. I’ll get along fine.’
“ ‘Where will you dp all this, Friday ?’
“ ‘Here, on this island.’
“ ‘This island belongs to me, you know. I can’t allow you to do that when you can’t pay me anything I need. I might as well not own it.’
“ ‘Then I’ll build a canoe and fish in the ocean. You don’t own that.’
“ ‘That’s all right, provided you don’t use any of my trees for your canoe, or build it on my land, or use my beach for a landing place, and do your fishing far enough away so as not to interfere with my riparian rights.’
“ ‘I never thought of that, master. I can do without a boat, though. I’ll swim over to that rock and fish there and gather sea gull eggs.’
“ ‘No you won’t, Friday. The rock is mine. I own riparian rights.’
“ ‘What shall I do, master ?’
“ ‘That’s your problem, Friday. You are a free man and you know about the rugged individualism maintained here.’
“ ‘I guess I’ll starve, master. May I stay here until I do, or shall I swim beyond your riparian rights and drown or starve there?’
“ Tve thought of something, Friday. I don’t like to carry my garbage down to the shore each day. You may stay and do that. Then whatever is left of it after my dog and cat have been fed you may eat. You’re in luck.’
“ ‘Thank you, master. That is true charity.’
“ ‘One thing more, Friday. This island is overpopulated. Fifty percent of the people are unemployed. We are undergoing a severe depression and there is no way that I can see to end it. No one but a charlatan would say that he could. So keep a lookout and let no one land here to settle, and if any ship comes don’t let them land any goods of any kind. You must be protected against foreign labor. Conditions are fundamentally sound, though, and prosperity is just around the corner.’ ”
Sweatshops in Connecticut
TN AN effort to discourage New York merchants from operating sweatshops in Connecticut such as they would not dare operate in New York city, the Sunday Herald, of Bridgeport, mentions a factory near that city where minor children were worked sometimes until midnight on garments bearing NRA labels. One child who, after school hours, put belts and bows on children’s dresses, received for three weeks’ work a grand total of 75c. On Saturdays and Sundays she worked full time; on other days she started at 4: 00 p.m., but sometimes did not stop work until midnight.
'What Broke the United States
IN A RADIO address given in Boston, Edward A. Filene, prominent merchant, stated that what broke America was that “when the machines became so productive that the masses could buy only a fraction of their products, the machines had to be run on part time. That meant that millions lost their jobs. And that meant that the masses had still less buying power than before, so less was bought and more machines were shut down and unemployment and poverty increased. Poverty, not because of any scarcity, but because we had learned how to produce so much”.
Effects of the Depression
TN 1929 the president of the National Dairy Products Corporation received a salary of $100,000, but in 1932, after the depression had got well under way, his salary was boosted to $168,000 and he was paid a bonus of $10,000 besides. In 1928 and 1929 the chairman of the Bethlehem Steel Company had a salary of $150,000 a year, but in 1930, when the working people everywhere were feeling the pinch, his salary was boosted to $250,000 a year.
Huge Cost of the Depression
THE National Industrial Conference Board figures that the three years of the depression from 1930 to 1933 cost the American people approximately $108,000,000,000, or almost three times what their participation in the World War cost them.
Utopian Society Replaces Technocracy
THE Utopian Society, which, replaces Technocracy, is attracting much attention in Los Angeles. At present 2,000 meetings a week are being held in that city. The membership is estimated at 250,000, increasing 5,000 a day. Each is known by number arid gives oath not to reveal the time, place or reason for the meeting, nor anything seen or heard, nor the name of any person attending. Announced aims:
“To learn why millions of deserving American citizens are now distressfully unemployed and why an increasing majority of these worthy citizens can never again hope to secure steady or satisfactory employment unless intelligent action is taken by the people themselves; to learn how and why the national tax and debt burden is hopelessly increasing out of all bounds of reason and resources; to learn the true character of a social structure that would be required to function to the greatest advantage of all the American people under conditions of plenty; and, finally, to learn if and how the American standard of living can be advanced by the application of reason to compare favorably with technical skill, equipment, machinery and natural resources of the nation. ’ ’
The Society projects a new kind of money, but is anti-communistic. It proposes a new social State, with the abolition of profit, but without any change in the Constitution. At a meeting in the Hollywood Bowl, June 23, 1934, 25,000 people paid admissions to hear Jonathan F. Glendon explain the purposes of the Society, and as many more were turned away. Each new member must bring in two more within a week. The speakers of the Society (its organizers were a writer, a salesman, and an attorney) are men of intelligence and ability. They foresee none required to work after 45 years of age, no taxes, no debts, no mortgages, no fear of poverty; new inventions and scientific discoveries to be for the benefit of all. One of the first duties of each Utopian is to write to President Roosevelt, praising the New Deal and imploring the final smashing of the present monetary system. All that the Utopians desire will be here, and much more, when God’s name is vindicated at Armageddon and all the devils, big and little, and those that have the Devil’s‘spirit, will be destroyed by the angels of God.
A Slave for Fifty Years
A SLAVE for fifty years, Elizabeth Carter died a few months ago at Sandusky, Ohio, at the age of 119 years. The last years of her life were spent in the Huron County Home.
Contrasts in the Day’s News
T’HE AMERICAN GUARDIAN notes the following contrasts in the day’s news: An offer of a reward of $1,500 for the return of a bracelet containing 270 diamonds is near an item of a baby boy left in a Brooklyn vestibule with a note pinned to him saying: “Won’t someone be Kind enough to take my baby, and make a home for him? He’s wonderful! It breaks my heart to do this, but I must. I am unable to take care of him. Oh, I love him! God bless him and care for him. From his broken-hearted mother.” Another item is of a wealthy turfman burying his dog in a $400 bronze casket designed for a child (vault and monument $1,000 more), with an item of a baby buried in Potter’s Field because the father, a waiter, had been out of work eight months. A woman is robbed of jewelry worth $200,000, and near by a jobless man committed suicide and asked that his overcoat be given to some poor man who needed it. The estate of Payne Whitney increased in value over $50,000,000 in two years, and a shoemaker in Kansas put a sign in his window offering to give his children away because he was unable to care for them properly. A party was given to a debutante which cost $50,000, and two men fainted from hunger while applying for jobs at the mayor’s office in New York. A prominent banker builds a yacht for $3,000,000, and girl workers in a shirt factory are found getting as little as 25c a day. A mink coat is offered as a bargain at $3,900, and a jobless girl collapses from hunger. A baby of a year old is left a fortune of almost $2,000,000, and a mother in Brooklyn tries to suicide so her babies can have the benefit of the insurance on her life. Is any change needed? What think you? “Hear counsel, and receive instruction, that thou mayest be wise in thy latter end.”—Proverbs 19: 20.
Making Progress Backwards
Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler, president of Columbia University, addressing the students and teachers at the Columbia Summer School, asserted that the world has been going backwards for six years and that the only policy upon which the nations have been able to agree is that each one should borrow without limit. He said that world conditions are such that if not remedied they will bring civilization to an end. He could see no wisdom in paying farmers not to raise cotton and wheat at a time when there are millions without enough to eat or wear.
Starving Ourselves into Prosperity
Norman Thomas puts it very well when he says that under the New Deal we are “trying to starve ourselves into prosperity” and “are to produce less so as to have more”. One of the most intelligent men in the country, a college-hred man, recent candidate for president on the Socialist ticket, Thomas was recently
Courtesy New York Herald Tribune.
booked to speak in Taylorville, Illinois. The sheriff was so frightened, for fear he might learn something, that he had him hustled into the courthouse while his orderly audience was dispersed by tear bombs.
Gift of Rifles to the Legion
CONGRESS recently gave 75,000 used but good rifles to the American Legion. If they could give used rifles, they could give new ones; and if they could give 75,000, they could give 750,000, or twice that number. One wonders why the gift. Possibly the coupon clippers have the thought that in case of anticipated trouble it might be a good thing to have some firearms lying around for use in case of a pinch.
The New Federal Reserve Notes
rnHE new Federal Reserve notes will not hereafter contain the words “redeemable in gold on demand at the United States Treasury, or in gold or lawful money at any Federal Reserve Bank”. Experience has proved that those words never meant anything when printed there in the first place, so they may as well be removed. It is certainly of no use to repeat a promise which the promiser knows he has previously broken and ignored. Is there anybody in the United States who would believe any promises made by the French or the British government?
Delayed Justice in New York State
TN KINGS county (Brooklyn) New York it A takes 27 months to get a Supreme Court jury trial started; in New York county it takes 30 months; in Westchester county (Bronx) it takes 36 months. Six to nine months must be added to these figures for all cases in which an appeal is taken. Some eases were five or six years old before the Supreme Court disposed of them by trial. In many instances plaintiffs or witnesses are dead or scattered before trial is obtained.
Postal Savings Banks
DECLARING that the chief opponents of any improvements in the postal savings banks are the bankers, the National Convention of Post Office Clerks at Chicago has gone on record as advocating simplified methods, larger maximum deposits, checking accounts and joint accounts; and there is not a reason in the world why their advice should be ignored. When all the so-called Tegular’ banks in the country were closed, in March, 1933, the postal savings banks remained open.
Mothers May Transmit Citizenship
UNTIL May, 1934, fathers could transmit citizenship to children born abroad, but mothers could not. This ridiculous inconsistency has now been corrected, ending the last discrimination against women in the nationality laws.
Borrowing Himself Out of Debt
UNCLE SAM is desperately trying to borrow himself out of debt, but the more he borrows on an interest basis, the worse off he is. The interest charge on the national debt even now amounts to $3,000,000 for every day.
‘‘British Honor”
THE New York American says, bitterly, and truthfully:
When England was backed to the wall; when her civil population was faced by starvation; when her armies were being forced steadily back by the Central Powers; when her merchant marine was being sunk by submarines at the rate of 1,000,000 tons a month and not a week passed but forty ocean-going steam vessels were lost; when India was seething with revolt and Britain was unable, without American help, to maintain her currency system; when she could no longer buy the requisite food to support her civil population nor the munitions to supply her armies; when the shadow of forced surrender hung over the Empire —she turned to the United States for succor in the hour of her extremity. America responded. Our people tightened their belts. They reached down into their savings. They poured their money into British coffers. They said: Here, take this. It will help you. It will stay the disaster which threatens you. Spend it for your needs. We are coming with men and ships and money. We will follow up our loans with our manhood. Our soldiers will come to the rescue of your soldiers.
“Pledged to Mutual Friendship”
SHORTLY before the British repudiation of its debt to America the London Daily Express, after noting the general fear in Europe, said: “The British Empire and the United States of America should be two strong watch towers in the world, looking to the East and to the West, pledged to mutual friendship.” The British Empire is looking for something it will never see again. If Britain were to be again in the stress in which she was in 1917-1918, when the American people came to her rescue with their all, she would receive no help. The big financiers that pulled off their propaganda then have lost their standing as badly as Britain herself. The trick could not be done again, and all the newspaper palaver is so much wasted breath.
The Children of the Unemployed
AT NEWCASTLE, England, 125 children of the unemployed were given a careful medical examination. Nearly half were below standard height, more than half were below standard weight, 23 percent were found to be anaemic, 49 suffered from chest trouble, acute or chronic, and 45 were unhealthy and unfit. “All my bones shall say, [Jehovah], who is like unto thee, which deliverest the poor from him that is too strong for him, yea, the poor and the needy from him that spoileth him?”—Psalm 35:10.
Britain Losing Out to Japan
IN HER trade war with Japan Britain is losing out. The Japanese are putting their cotton, silk and rayon textiles, electric light bulbs, socks, bicycles, fountain pens, watches, umbrellas and a host of other things into every corner of the world at prices with which no western nation can compete. In 1913 Britain exported 6,780,000,000 yards of cotton goods; last year it was less than a third of that, and Japan’s was greater than Britain’s. One Japanese worker operates twenty machines; a British worker operates six. The Japanese worker receives about one-fourth the wages of the British worker. The way one mill owner put it was that if he stole his raw materials and paid nothing to his help he could not compete with Japanese prices.
The Shirt Business
THE old idea of running a country was to get some ideas and then try to put them into effect. The new idea is to put everybody in special shirts of some kind, and then it does not matter whether they know anything or not. In Italy and England the stress is on the black shirts, in Germany on brown shirts, in France on red shirts, in Ireland on green shirts, in Spain on blue shirts. In some countries they cannot afford any shirts and have to go back to the old plan of using their heads instead of the sewing machine.
Fascism in England
CAPITALISM is in the last ditch in England, as everywhere, and the last ditch is Fascism.
In England the Fascists are coming together under the leadership of Sir Oswald Mosley. He recently addressed a large audience at Olympia, Kensington, subject to constant interruptions by Communists who went there for the purpose. Nothing the Communists could do would help Fascism more than to resort to such tactics.
Gains of the Defaulters
THE German possessions turned over to
Britain and France are calculated as worth $198,000,000,000. France, in spite of all her war losses, has more territory, more population and more wealth than before the war. Of the six billions which she borrowed from the United States, she loaned two billions to her lesser allies.
Bertrand Russell on Conditions in India
Bertrand Russell, British author, writing in the Oriental Press, New York, says:
“Who fifty years lienee will have a good word to say for the present tyranny in India? No one. The system of promoting criminals to be prison officials, when by their sycophancy they have wormed their way into favor of the authorities, is one which she should not tolerate at home and has no right to inflict upon India. The regulation that prisoners are to have a fresh towel once every nine months does not err on the side of cleanliness. The practice of herding Indian ladies of refinement with prostitutes in the last stages of venereal disease is a questionable one. ... In some moment of difficulties elsewhere, we shall find ourselves confronted by a movement we shall not be able to repress : and we shall lose India with ignominy. ’ ’
Demonism in North India
rpiIE Times of India tells of a man in Lahore J- who in the presence of many witnesses was buried alive for half an hour, then dug up and found as fresh as ever. He was laid on a plank studded with six-inch nails, specially sharpened. While he thus lay on the nails a large stone was broken on his chest, with a sledge hammer. His arm was pierced with a long needle, but no blood was drawn. The needle was imbedded so deep that a weight of thirty pounds was attached to it and the whole thing lifted up in the air. These abuses of the body cause but the tiniest scars. The performers say their deeds are done by the power of Kali, that being the name of the demon responsible.
Tuberculosis and Food
STUDIES in England have demonstrated that there is a direct relation between tuberculosis and food; that is to say, that nearly 1,000 people died in England during the past year in the depression areas who might have been spared in the more prosperous towns. Inadequate clothes and food lower the powers of resistance.
Forest Fires in Britain
WHO would ever suppose they could have forest fires in England? Yet in May it was so dry that near Aidershot at one time twenty square miles of heath and forest land were in flames, with the flames leaping forty to fifty feet in the air. The well watered isle is suffering with a water scarcity seldom before experienced.
A Disgusted Canadian Radio Fan
T TNDER the headline “One Radio Reformer”
the Ottawa Citizen contains a letter from Edna Snider, of Westboro, in which that lady says, forcefully:
“I have dismantled my radio and do not intend to use it or buy another until fairness and equal rights have been established for all. To make it clearer, I refuse to help pay the piper and accede to Messrs. Charlesworth and Co. the right to call the tune. I refuse to contribute to what has, in my opinion, become another nesting place for birds of entrenched privilege. I refuse further to be deprived of my right to heai- that which I desire to listen to in the way of religious discourses, viz., an intelligent, consistent, and so truthful an explanation of God’s Word—the Bible! The elaptrap and flapdoodle of professional pulpiteers may appeal to others of the radio audience; it does not appeal to me!”
Floods in South West Africa
AT THE time when, in the Northern Hemisphere, the United States, Canada, England, France, Germany, Russia and China were experiencing one of the greatest droughts in history, opposite conditions prevailed in South West Africa, where floods are the exception and drought is the rule. The African country was swept with tremendous floods -which cut communications, contaminated water supplies, and turned vast areas into mosquito-breeding swamps. As a result typhoid and malaria epidemics followed, costing many lives.
British War Office Employs Water Diviner
FACED with a serious water shortage the British war office went to the unusual expedient of employing a female water diviner to show them where to look for underground waters. The woman, manifestly under demoniacal influence, claims to be able to pass her hands over a large-scale map of any unknown country and to point out where water will be found.
During the British Drought
DURING the British drought the government found it necessary to ration some villages to one pint of water per head per day; the health minimum is ten gallons, eighty times as much. In one district water drawn from wells had to stand two hours for the sediment to settle. For their washing water women had to tramp five miles. By the way, Ezekiel was on water rations once.—Ezekiel 4:11.
The Sheep and the Goats in Austria
A GENTLEMAN residing in Vienna tells of the methods by which the Dollfuss government kept itself in power. The sheep, who approved of Dollfuss methods, were given uniforms, full board, lodging and clothes, and 50c per day wages. The goats, who did not approve the Dollfuss methods, were given food, overalls, rude shelters for the night, and the hardest kind of work on mountain roads, and 40c per week. The Heimwehr, Fascist Home Guards, who get about eight times the wages of the goats, have nothing to do but revel in military music, war decorations, titles and patriotism, and, naturally, it is at present more popular to be a sheep in Vienna than it is to be a goat.
Hitler’s Eulogy of Hindenburg
IN Hitler’s eulogy of Hindenburg he is alleged to have said: ‘’President von Hindenburg is not dead. He lives and moves among the deathless of our own people and among the illustrious spirits of the past as eternal protector of the Reich and the German nation.” At this point we are confronted with the testimony of the Scriptures, “The dead know not any thing” (Ecclesiastes 9: 5), and “There is no work, nor device, nor knowledge, nor wisdom” (Ecclesiastes 9:10) where the old gentleman went, and modestly suggest that the Almighty is right, as was also the Savior, who said that all the dead are in their graves.—John 5: 28, 29.
A Report of Nazi Cruelties
A BRITISH subject in Bremerhaven protested to the German government against Nazi beatings in the prison camps. For doing this he was shadowed day and night, imprisoned three times, his wife was imprisoned, and even his lawyer. While in prison he was assaulted and painfully injured. He was then deported, with five marks in his pocket, with no baggage, and with no time to settle up his affairs.
Thyssen’s Power in Germany
THE New York Post, in a series of articles, declares that Hitler was put in power and is kept in power by Thyssen, virtual owner of half of Germany; that in his first year wages went down in the Thyssen-controlled steel and electrical industries, and profits in those industries went up 65 percent. The rest is all the horseplay of modern politics.
Germany Preparing for War
A GENTLEMAN who has been many times in Germany says that marching men, in uniform, are everywhere; that when a German business man gets home Saturday noon he puts on his uniform and straps a pack on his back, and spends his Saturday afternoon, and all day Sunday, marching. Thirty-six international conferences, intended to decide what is to be done with 65,000,000 German people, have seemingly had but one sure effect, and that is to put Hitler in power and make another world war seem near.
What German Editors May Not Print
GERMAN editors have been told they must not print any polemics against the former emperor, must not print any antimonarchist propaganda, must not print descriptions of progress in Russia, must not mention the murder of a military officer by a subordinate, must not discuss the artificial silk market, must not discuss religious controversies, and must not discuss disturbances in Poland.
Australians Growing Taller
IT IS noted that Australian school children are taller and heavier at every age in 1922 than in 1912. Freedom from diseases is the cause ascribed. Australians are calling attention to the fact that between 1931 and 1934 the value of the 159 principal shares listed on their stock exchange increased 71 percent, but in that same interval of time the average wages were reduced by 20 percent.
Eye Troubles in Egypt
AFTER centuries of neglect, the people of Egypt are now paying attention to the care of their eyes, with the result that 6,000,000 out of a total population of 14,000,000 underwent treatment in 1931. Among school children 95 percent were found suffering from granular eyelids (trachoma). What a terrible condition the Devil’s world is in!
Tourists Avoid Germany
THE murder of Roehm, von Schleicher, and others who helped Hitler to power, no doubt helped him to remain in control, but had the effect of causing a big drop in the tourist business. Immediately after the murders, out of 181 passengers booked through to Bremerhaven, 98 disembarked at Southampton and Cherbourg.
Racketeering Breaks Out in London
"DACKETEERING, Chicago style, has broken out in London restaurants. An advance agent delicately suggests to a firm that it would be too bad if its business would be ruined by fights between rough customers. If the firm will join a society there will be no rough house. If the offer is refused the place is wrecked and its patronage destroyed by several fights. The Devil's kingdom, in all the ages past nothing but a succession of rackets of financiers, politicians and clergy, is near its end. Thank God!
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