Golden Age, July 8, 1931
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A JOURNAL OF FACT HOPE AND .COURAGE
...misiisustssesss
in this issue
DENMARK
BANK QUESTIONNAIRE WHY WORLD WAR ' WAS FOUGHT
BIBLE STUDENTS RADIO
' ECHO
THE ALUMINUM TILT
THE DESERT SHALL REJOICE WHAT IS GOOD FOR MAN?
tamBmmEiBmmmsssmmsK&mEgmgmmaaasaiiiBSKiiHmiiiBB
every other .WEDNESDAY
five cents a copy one dollar a year Canada & Foreign 1.25
Vol. XII . No. 308
July 8, 1931
TS
LABOR AND ECONOMICS
Chemical Bank Questionnaire , 653
What a Sickening Indictment . 661
SOCIAL AND EDUCATIONAL
AGRICULTURE AND HUSBANDRY
3,500 Grizzly Bears ..... 648
Tung Oil from Florida .... 649
‘ ‘ The Waste Place Shall Rejoice ’ ’ 662
Minnows in the Poor..... 648
New York’s Commuters and
Visitors ........ 648 2,800,000 Illegitimates .... 649 The Biggest Skyscraper . . . .650 Not Many Americans to the South 650 Six-Hour Day at Battle Creek . 651 All Beasts Fear Man .... 651 The Path to Fame ..... 652 In Reno, Nevada . . . . . . 652 More Points for the Shavers . . 654 Radio Blessings for the Shut-Ins 664 Hidden Truths Should Be
Proclaimed.......664
FINANCE—COMMERCE—TRANSPORTATION
Two Hundred Giants .... 648
Bethlehem Steel’s Bonus Payments 648
Regular Planes Quite Safe . . 648
Thousands of Dollars Saved by
Radio.........649
America’s 504 Beauty Roses . . 650
Fewer People Traveling . . . 651
International Debts Hard to Pay 652
POLITICAL—DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN
Information Concerning the World War ......654
Americans Killing Their Own Government ......661
SCIENCE AND INVENTION
First Television Sale .... 648
Three Sensitive Clocks .... 648
Heat from the Ceiling .... 649
30,000,000 Island Universes . . 649
Uses for Ultra-Violet Rays . . 651
HOME AND HEALTH
Sterilization in Oklahoma . . 648
How Princess Got Diphtheria . 651
Reminiscences of the Aluminum
Controversy ...... 658
TRAVEL AND MISCELLANY
Denmark, “The Land of the Sea” 643
Professor Cullis and
Mr. Chesterton ..... 670
Extracts from Interesting
Letters ........ 671
RELIGION AND PHILOSOPHY
Fourteen Years Too Late . . . 648
7,809 Missionaries in Foreign -
Field.........650
“Bible Students Radio Echo” (?) 655
Two on the D.D.’s......665
“Who Knoweth What Is Good
for Man?” ....... 666
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The Golden Age
Volume XII Brooklyn, N. Y., Wednesday, July 8, 1931 Number 308
Denmark, "The Land of the Sea”
DENMARK is a good deal like Florida, only it is right side up, while Florida is upside down: that is to say, while one is at one end of the Gulf Stream and one at the other, one projects north from the mainland of Europe into the North and Baltic Seas, which it separates, while the other projects south from the mainland of America and separates the Gulf of Mexico from the Atlantic. It is only a little way from the tip of Florida to Cuba at the south, and it is only a little way from the tip of Denmark to Norway or Sweden at the north.
The highest elevation in Denmark is 550 feet, and the highest elevation in Florida is 325 feet. Both states have enormous coast lines. Both have hundreds of islands nearby, and both have hundreds of square miles of bogs or swamps. Florida is mostly sand and rock, and Denmark is the same. One is a winter paradise; the other a summer paradise. One is in the latitude of Mexico; the other, in the latitude of Labrador. One is far-famed for its fruits and vegetables; the other, for its bacon and butter. The area of Denmark is 17,144 square miles; that of Florida, 58,666 square miles.
Neither Denmark nor Florida has any coal, and Florida would not need it even if it had it. However, the climate of Denmark is not extremely cold: the Gulf Stream keeps it fairly comfortable even in winter. The mean temperature of the year is 47 degrees. Both have navigable inland waters of considerable extent, and these waters are well stocked with fish. In both cases the adjacent islands lie to the east of the main peninsula.
Only a start has been made in the development of Florida; but Denmark is one of the most fully developed parts of the globe, being the world’s leading exponent of intensified farming. The coast on the north and west is an almost uninhabitable land of drifting sands. In places, huge dykes have been erected, as in Holland, to keep out the ravages, of the sea. Large areas of the drifting sands have been reclaimed in recent years.
Besides the peninsula, Jutland, and the large islands which lie to the east, Fyen, Sjaelland and Laaland, Denmark possesses the Faroe islands, in the north Atlantic, and Greenland, in the Arctic. Iceland is united with Denmark through the sovereign.
Some Historical Items
The early history of Denmark reads like a leaf taken from the current archives of Chicago. To those who like to read about murders we suggest a reading of the sagas. It was from Denmark’s shores that the Angles and Saxons sailed in the fifth century to the conquest of England.
Scandinavia, that is, Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Finland, was at one time all one country, but it does not suit the Nordic races to be or remain subjugated, pacified and united. Theirs is the genius of conquest and division, separation, individuality. The Northmen are more willing to boss somebody else than they are to be bossed, even by one another.
In the eleventh century Denmark included England within its domain, but a natural ineptitude for submission to foreign government led to the breaking up of the one large realm of the north into its present divisions. Originally all of one race, they now manifest the strong differences of temperament and individuality which mark them wherever they go.
It is only about a quarter of a century since Norway broke away from Sweden, with no particular reason for so doing except that they wanted to govern themselves. Within recent months the Faroe islands and Iceland have threatened to break away from Denmark, for
The Golden Age
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no reason except that they do not appreciate being ruled from a distance. Passports among Scandinavian countries were abolished in 1929,
King Christian X will be sixty-one years of age on the 25th of this coming September. The tallest of European kings, he is devoted to hunting, yachting, skating and other sports, and is immensely popular. He has the good sense to be informal on all occasions, formal or informal.
The Folkething (House of Representatives) has 149 members; the Landsthing (Senate) 76 members. There are 22 amters (counties), each with an amtmand (governor). All may vote, male or female, who have a fixed place of abode and are not in receipt of poor relief.
Seekers of Social Reform
Since the middle of the last century, when legislation was passed which encouraged the breaking up of the large estates of the nobility, Denmark has been making unexampled progress in social reforms of all kinds and has her aim set for disarmament, the almost complete abolishment of the army and navy.
At the present time the Danish army is a national militia, commencing at the age of 20 and lasting for sixteen years. Even the clergy have to serve. That is a good thing. They have always been in favor of war. If Denmark is ever foolish enough to get into one, the clergy should be favored with positions as privates and put in the front line trenches, with the politicians and financiers as their comrades in arms.
The government hopes to use the money it will save on its military budget to finance its social welfare legislation. Now, isn’t that good common sense ? A small force of civilian patrols will preserve order, which many people in Denmark and elsewhere believe is the best guaranty of peace. The smaller the force of soldiery, the greater the security of the country. The electorate has unequivocally accepted the disarmament protect.
Old age pensions are granted to any person over 65 fulfilling certain conditions, and must be sufficient for maintenance and medical attendance. This takes care of 100,000 persons a year. It is generally admitted that in no other country in the world are the poor so secure against ill-treatment or neglect as in Denmark.
The work of the poor relief is entirely in the hands of trained officials. The system is a preventive one; it aims to again make self-supporting those who are already paupers, and if they refuse the chance offered, and have no wish to be made self-supporting, they are made sorry by punitive measures. It is claimed for the system that it provides even-handed justice, as far as that is possible under present imperfect conditions.
Nursing mothers must be supported by the state for about two months, in cases of necessity. Many of the large factories have rooms in which babies can be brought to be nursed by working mothers. Contemplated moves of social reform are establishment of national labor exchanges, national insurance, unemployment insurance and accident insurance, for everybody.
Education for Responsibility
Danish education lias for its aim the cultivation in the young man or woman of a sense of responsibility. Elementary education is compulsory between the ages of seven and fourteen, and most of the elementary schools are free. Illiteracy is not more than one-tenth of one percent.
The “Folks” high schools are privately owned and operated, but are supported by the state. The government sees to it that the finances of the schools, which are Lutheran, are maintained, and grants the necessary subsidies and scholarships. It is everywhere admitted that the rural high schools have lifted Denmark from serfdom to the highest rank of any agricultural country.
In a typical country high school the men have a term of five months during midwinter, when little can be done on the farms, and the girls have a three months’ term in the summer. The school may be simply a fine old house, set back from the road in a grove of trees. It is the personality of the teachers that really makes the schools what they are.
In an International College, on a farm of 500 acres, an hour or so a day is given to literary and scientific studies, but most of the time is spent in learning and earning bv actual work in field and orchard and vegetable garden, in dairy and smokehouse, at the carpenter’s bench, and in the brick and tile kilns and potteries.
A high sense of honor is sought. Two students who entered into contracts to assist certain coaches by defaming other coaches were perpetually excluded from the University of Copenhagen, which prevents their ever taking up
law or any other profession in Denmark requiring a university degree.
Denmark (population 3,440,000) has 860 public libraries, 450 booksellers, and two years ago had 230,000 radio receiving sets in operation. There are five broadcasting stations, all government-owned, and supported by proceeds from license fees. Over here we laugh at an arrangement which puts it up to a few state officials to decide what the people may or may not have over the radio, but in Denmark that is what they like and what they have.
The country so appreciates her poets that she places them on the civil list and pays them a regular salary. Well, anybody who can write a poem in such a language as Dano-Norwegian, and get any two lines to come out with the same number of feet and approximately the same terminal syllables, ought certainly to be given a pension for his efforts.
Intelligent, Efficient Cooperation
A Danish workingman becomes the owner of his own flat (if he lives in a city) by paying rent for twenty-five to thirty years, with an additional annual payment of $15.00. The rents lie pays are less than equally good accommodations would cost anywhere else. This is what educated, intelligent cooperation does.
There are various societies. In one, each member contributes 50c a month for a period of ten years, after which he may withdraw his money, with the accumulated interest at 4| percent, or let it remain and be entitled to continuous participation in annual dividends and in the drawing of lots for houses, to be paid for as above.
One association has built 4,000 flats. It does not allow its members to sell its shares, thus keeping down speculation. Loans or deposits are returned in full if a member resigns from the society or moves. The society reserves to itself the increment of the property should a member resign, and this makes for stability of the association.
The Danes have shown a genius for cooperation in their agricultural work. They have 1,500 cooperative dairies. Every farmer is within a mile of one. He gets his machinery, cattle foods and supplies from cooperatives. In a few years he easily switched from grain production to dairying, bacon and poultry, and built up consumer cooperatives as well as producer cooperatives, thus getting all the profits out of his work.
Over 90 percent of the dairy farms of the country are cooperative. .
The member of a cooperative dairy delivers his milk to the dairy, where it is skimmed and the cream is converted into butter and cheese. The farmer is paid for his milk in proportion to its amount and also its butter content. He receives back the skimmed milk, for which he pays, as it is excellent food for live stock. In the general meeting, each shareholder has one vote, regardless of the milk he has contributed.
Danish industrial workers have insurance benefits of all kinds, against illness, accident, unemployment, old age, and widowhood. Affiliated with the trade unions are clubs which care for him when he is ill. Hospital service and medical attendance are free to stricken members.
The Most Hospitable People
The Danish people have the reputation of being the most hospitable people in the world. They have regular and well-formed features, fair hair, blue eyes, with muscular frames. They are kind-hearted, honest and simple-minded, and noted for being bold and hardy seamen.
The Permanent Court of Arbitration interprets agreements and legal points as between employers, employees and others. There is no appeal from its findings, which are final. The Public Mediation Institution anticipates industrial troubles, and, when stoppage of work impends, takes steps to intervene and if possible prevent it.
The Danish people are human. They made millions on millions during the World War, and then, like everybody else, lost it all in speculation. When deflation came the largest bank in the country lost thirty million pounds, and the government saddled the loss on the taxpayers, pleading that there was no other way to save the economic life of the nation. Taxes are twice what they were pre-war, with wages twice as much and goods twice as much.
Wild life abounds, without danger of extinction. Persons under eighteen may not carry guns. The use of spring traps is prohibited except by permit, and when this is given traps must be visited three times a day. There are laws to protect animals in circuses, menageries and zoological gardens, making the Danish laws for the protection of animals more progressive, humane and economic than those of any other state.
QOLDEN AGE
Pigs in Paradise '
Pigs are in paradise in Denmark, and in hades in England. That is to say, Denmark is the nrize country for pig raising, and England is the prize country for consuming ham and bacon. In the persnickety English market Danish hams and bacon command the highest prices, and the market for them is so steady and certain that out of a total of 256,257 tons of these delec-tables exported from Denmark in 1927 no less than 252,896 tons mere dispatched to Great Britain, and that despite the fact that another great industrial country, Germany, joins Denmark by land, while Britain and Denmark are separated by the North Sea,
Fifty years ago Denmark knew little or nothing about raising and marketing pigs, but the crossing of imported large white pigs with the native breed has given a stock of high fertility with good bacon quality and has resulted in the high type of pigs now found all over the country, 5,000,000 of them.
Despite its rocky, sterile soil, the average yield of milk per cow in Denmark is nearly twice that of the average American cow. In America, when the cows are turned out to pasture, they wander far and wide over the landscape; but in Denmark bossy is tied to a rope and the rope is tied to a stake, and the stake is not moved until bossy has trimmed the circle around that stake as though a lawn mower had run over it. The result is that all the pasture lands are cropped and all kept fertile.
Danish farmers export 112,000 tons of butter a year; and that is a great amount of butter to be exported from so small a country. They eat margarine themselves, preferring to turn their butter into cash rather than to tickle their own palates. Denmark possesses a larger proportion of dairy cattle to population than any other country. There is a dairy cow to every inhabitant.
Other Agricultural Items
The cutting up of the estates of the nobility and the distribution of these (by sale and purchase) has been the making of Denmark. From 1835, when the new policy went into effect, to 1904 the number of farm holders increased from 157,321 to 289,130. This good work still goes on, and in the last twenty-five years there has been a steady increase of about 1,000 farms a year. All but four percent of the total number of farms in Denmark' are owned by the farmers themselves.
Denmark must still believe in horses, as there w’ere 518,000 of them in the census of 1928, but it probably vron’t be long until most of these will find their way to the distributers of dried beef and toxin-antitoxin. Large flocks of sheep are kept, but rather for the flesh than for the wool, which is coarse and short. Wild fowl, including the famous eider duck, are plentiful.
In February, 1917, Denmark’s supply of grains, oil-eakes, fodder and fertilizer, upon which she depended for the upkeep of her live stock and soil, was suddenly cut off by Germany’s submarine campaign. Beets, carrots and other vegetable roots were immediately raised to take the place of the foregoing, as far as that was possible. The job was completed by killing off and marketing. the least efficient animals, so that the available food could be given to the preservation of the better stock. It was a knotty problem to solve, but it was solved.
As the farmers have risen from serfdom to independence they have gradually become more conservative and less friendly to the measures of social reform adopted and projected. In a recent clash between farmers and farm workers, the labor unions of the cities threw their weight on the side of the farm workers. More than a third of the working population derive their livelihood from agriculture.
The success of the Danish farmers is so pronounced, and their fame so widespread, that the French government is negotiating for a settlement of Danes in France, to assist French farmers to better methods of agriculture.
The Danish government finances Danish agricultural exports. The state guarantees for a period of two years up to 85 percent of the exporter’s draft and collects payment of a certain premium into a fund to cover possible losses. The stade’s export credit fund is $12,000,000. The plan gives special consideration to the exploitation of new markets.
The Danish farmer buys and sells everything through his own cooperative organizations. He carries his own risks, takes his losses in bad years and his profits in good ones, and sticks to the organization through thick amd thin. He does not allow a bunch of financial wolves to pick his bones of all the profits, as is commonly done in America.
Other Industries
Besides its principal business, which is the production and distribution of food, Denmark has important shipbuilding, foundry, Diesel engine, flour, textile, shoe, cement, pottery, furniture, musical instrument, machinery, automobile, vegetable and animal oil and margarine industries. It is the home of the Diesel motor ship. It is calculated that 31 percent of the population are dependent for support upon these various lines of activity. There are important fisheries. A few of the manufacturing establishments of Denmark belong to the government.
There are 3,148 miles of railroad, half of which is state owned, and all of it profitable. On account of the size and importance of the islands to the east, a continuous journey through Denmark is a succession of trips by rail and sea. Thus, a traveler from Britain lands at Esbjerg and wishes to go to Copenhagen. He rides 50 miles by rail across the peninsula of Jutland to Fredericia, There he takes a short ferry ride to Middelfart, on the island of Fyen, where another fifty-mile trip by rail takes him to Nyborg. Here he has a long ferry trip to Korsor on the island of Sjaelland. Another ride of 100 miles by rail brings him to his destination.
However, should he wish to go to some point on the island of Laaland he would have still another hundred miles by rail to Vordingborg, and another short ferry trip and another railroad ride before he could get to where he wanted to go.
Esbjerg, just mentioned, is a city of 25,000 inhabitants located on the sand dunes, and built where it is because Denmark was determined to have a port at that point on the western shore of the barrens of the Jutland peninsula, from which it could ship its products to England.
Odense, on the island of Fyen, is a seaport city of 70,000 inhabitants. It was once the capital. The ports of Aarhus and Aalborg are on the eastern shores of the Jutland peninsula. Copenhagen, population 731,496, is the principal city, the capital, the most important port, and the ‘Constantinople of the North’.
Copenhagen, Key to the Baltic
Copenhagen was founded in 1167 to protect the land from the pirates then infesting the Baltic waters. It is situated on the shore of a sound twelve miles broad, and has a fine, large harbor. A great free port, free from customs dues, was constructed in 1890-94 to the north of the harbor.
The land area of the free port is now 128 acres, the water 83 acres, and the length of the piers three miles. It has covered floor areas of 40 acres, and, with electric and steam cranes and pneumatic and other grain elevators, and other mechanical equipment, is admirably fitted for the loading, unloading, transshipment and storage of cargoes.
There is need for a free port just about where Copenhagen is located. The Baltic is often frozen. Copenhagen is ice free. The Baltic is full of shallows. Copenhagen can take the big vessels, and is planning to be able to take still bigger ones.
Large steamers bound for the Baltic find it unprofitable to go from one port to another. They prefer to come to Copenhagen and unload all at once and reload all at once, and let the smaller steamers, suited to the Baltic, have the short hauls.
The distance from New York to Copenhagen is 23 nautical miles less than the distance from New York to Hamburg, and the distance from Copenhagen to eastern Baltic ports is 200 miles less than from Hamburg, so the city has many natural advantages. Last year 5,624,000 tons were loaded in and out of Copenhagen. In its merchant fleet Denmark has 496 steamers, 147 motor vessels, and 62 sailing ships.
Nowhere can one find happier, healthier children than in Denmark. Each summer all the school children of Copenhagen are taken to the country for a six 'weeks’ vacation. They are carried free on the railroads and boarded free by the farmers and fishermen where they lodge. Free holiday camps are provided by the government for those that cannot be accommodated by the country home owners.
Nowhere else can one find fruits, flowers and gardens in such profusion as in Denmark. Nowhere else can one find crowds with equal levity unaccompanied by such freedom from rowdyism. Good food is plentiful and cheap. There are bicycles by the thousands. Denmark is a good place to live and a good place to visit. The Danes have reason to be proud of their country.
Mminows in the Pool
New York’s Commuters and Visitors
Two Hundred Giants
THE daily average number of visitors to New York city is 132,554. The daily average number of commuters is 512,779. This is figured on the basis of 300 traffic days a year.
3,500 Grizzly Bears
TpiIE United States is the proud owner of some 3,500 grizzly bears, according to an estimate made by the United States Forest Service game commission. Most of these are in Alaska. Montana is credited with 520, and Idaho and Wyoming -with more than ICO each.
The Chief White Elephant
FJpHE chief white elephant of Siam ranks next to the queen and takes social precedence over the crown prince. All other elephants must work; but the albinos have nothing to do and are cared for by keepers whose duty it is to see that at all times they are made comfortable.
Prajadhipok Is Too Thin,
SIAM may have a good king. We do not say that it has not. But, somehow, we feel that the king business is not well represented in a king that tips the scales at only 98 pounds. We feel that he ought at least to climb up to par if he vrants us to be a booster of Siamese royalty.
Fourteen Years Too Late
Fourteen years too late, the Methodist church says in its official program:
We are determined to outlaw the whole war system. We hold the cause of peace dearer than party allegiance, and we shall tolerate no dilatory or evasive attitude on the part of those who represent us.
The First Television Sale
rpiIE first television sale has taken place in New York. The buyer and seller -were two miles apart, but in a few minutes an order for $5,000 was placed. It is predicted that styles can be so shown by television methods that traveling salesmen will not be necessary.
Sterilization in Oklahoma
A BILL introduced in the Oklahoma legislature by Dr. J. T. Gray, and signed by the governor, provides for human vivisection in that state. Third-term criminals, and insane men less than 67 years old, and women less than 47 years old, will be sterilized.
THE two hundred giant corporations of the United States four years ago had combined assets of more than $67,000,000,000. They dominate much more than half of American industry. During recent years they have grown three times as fast as the 300,000 smaller corporations.
Bethlehem Steel’s Bonus Payments
FROM 1918 to 1930 the average annual salary of six of the Bethlehem Steel Company's executives was $10,333.33, but their average annual bonus during that period was $268,138.33. Bethlehem Steel is noted for the low wages paid to its common laborers.
Mrs. Archie McGinnis
Mes. Archie McGinnis, wife of a Scotch-Indian Canadian trapper, deserves a medal.
Her husband accidentally shot himself and fell out of their boat into a lake. She dragged him aboard and rowed twenty miles for help, and his life was saved when he was transferred to a motor boat and rushed to a hospital.
Call Another Conference
REFERRING to the forthcoming farce at Geneva, The Arbitrator suggests that the following resolution be adopted: “We hereby call another conference for 1934 to see if the world is ready to call a subsequent conference for 1936 to discuss the possibility of partial disarment in 1938.”
Three Sensitive Clocks
THE United States Naval Observatory has three clocks, made in England, that are so sensitive that they must not be exposed to changes of temperature. They, are kept in a vault enclosed within smother vault below the frostline, with an air space of eighteen inches between the vaults.
Regular Planes Quite Safe .
DESPITE frequent reports of airplane fatalities the regular planes are quite safe. Only two persons were killed in scheduled air services during the last six months of 1930, the passenger miles flown being 25,000,000 per fatal accident. The bulk of the accidents occur in student training, experimental, exhibition and pleasure flights, and not in scheduled transport operations.
Heat from the Ceiling
HINT of what may lie ahead in the science of heating is afforded by experiments by the Westinghouse Research Laboratories. All the heat comes from walls and ceiling. The entire surface may be warmed, or the heat switched on, section by section, where it will do the most good.
Thousands of Dollars Saved by Radio
Y THE use of the radio thousands of dollars have been saved to owners of tankers. The destinations of cargoes are changed while at sea, enabling the owners to place their oil in the most profitable market, which often may be closer at hand than in the original .market farther away.
30,000,000 Island Universes
e. Edwin Hubble, of Mount Wilson Observatory, California, has recently expressed the opinion that when the new twm-hundred-inch lenses are in place they will reveal some thirty million island universes in the present observable region. This is millions more than previous estimates.
Tung Oil from Florida
IGHT THOUSAND acres of land in Florida are now aiding America to grow some of her own varnish, enamel and other paint products. The tung tree has now been grown in Florida for about twenty-five years. The oils extracted from tung tree nuts are among the most valuable paint ingredients.
Income Taxes in Britain
TN BRITAIN they are not afraid to tax the ■S- big incomes, with the result that the number of millionaires is decreasing, which is opposite to the course of things in America. For the year 1930 there were in Britain 24 fewer millionaires than for 1929, and at that rate there would be none left by 1950.
Wonderful Trip of a Collie
TAKEN from his home in Sault Ste. Marie, Canada, to Goderich, Ontario, via the long ferries of the Sault, Mackinac and Port Huron, a collie dog found his way back, over 600 miles, in just one week. He arrived lank, lean, dusty, and with his toenails worn up to the flesh. His master will keep him the rest of his life.
Cactus Juice Boiler Compound
HE juice of cactus plants has been found excellent as a boiler compound, not only taking up the scale already deposited, so that piping and boiler surfaces are cleaned automatically, but preventing further formation of such minerals. The juice is also used in drugs, soaps, cleaners and candy.
Newark Cheeks Up Poor List
E WARK (N. J.) checked up her poor list, using a squad of plain clothes men. Of 6,200 cases listed they found that 554 were not in need, 21 vzere dead, 11 had moved out of town, and 360 could not be located because of fictitious or faulty addresses. The savings effected by this check-up are estimated at $4,277 weekly or $222,404 per year.
20 Percent for Executives
r. Leo Wolman, of the National Bureau of Economic Research, tells of a factory in which the total direct labor cost wms $5 per unit of output, and the total annual output was 1.00,000 units. In this concern the salaries of several executives, fixed at the peak of the bull market, stood at $100,000 a year, or the equivalent of 20 percent of the total labor costs.
2,800,009 Illegitimates
IT IS claimed by those who have made a study of the subject that there are 2,800,000 illegitimate children or adults in the United States. That is more than two percent of the population in one of the most highly churchified countries in the world. Looks as if some of these churchmen might as well have been in other business. Butthen again, what business are they good for?
Iowa Farmers March on Statehouse
FOUR THOUSAND Iowa farmers, “many of them in their overalls, marched on the statehouse at Des Moines, complaining that when their cattle are tested for tuberculosis they lose their best cattle, which are taken to the market and sold as clean meat, while they are paid below7 the market price. Officials admit that the tests are faulty, that healthy cows are often taken from the herd as diseased and sick cows are left in the herd as healthy. The tuberculin manufacturers are not willing that the milk of the cows should be tested, as it would reduce their market for serums.
A Most Ingenious Adding Machine
ACATJEORNTA college professor has invented a power-driven adding machine which will be of great aid to astronomers and others who work in numbers greater than 2,000,000,000. A flash of light through thirty gears stops the machine instantly and discloses the indivisible factors of the number being examined.
14 Percent of Purchases Returned
A CHECK-UP of department stores reveals the fact that 14 percent of all merchandise purchased is returned, involving additional work for some twenty persons. An appeal has been made to women, in a radio address, to carefully examine goods at time of purchase and to try on in the store all items of wearing apparel, so as to reduce this item of expense.
The Biggest Skyscraper
THE Empire State is valued at $52,000,000.
A little more than half this sum was loaned to the building company by the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, and the balance was supplied by four prominent financiers of the same political persuasion as Alfred E. Smith, president of the company. It will take a lot of tenants to pay the Metropolitan Life its interest.
Wkale Made a Mistake
CRUISING along the ocean bottom near the
Canal Zone, with his mouth wide open, a whale recently made the miscalculation of getting a submarine cable between his lips. He broke the cable all right, but in trying to get away from it he wrapped 180 feet of it about his body and choked himself to death. He weighed about ninety tons.
7,809 Missionaries in Foreign Field
A RECENT study discloses that there are
7,809 missionaries in the foreign field. It is too much to hope that they each convert ten souls a year. If they did, these eager souls would have to work 20,000 years to convert the heathen now living, to say nothing of those that are dead or that might be born before the conversion period was ended.
Not Many Americans to the South
THERE are not many United States citizens in Latin America: 3,718 in Argentina, 2,959 in Brazil, 1,974 in Venezuela, 1,856 in Chile, 1,317 in Peru, and less than a thousand each in Ecuador, Paraguay, Uruguay, Bolivia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Salvador. Mexico has 11,830, Cuba 7,274, Panama 2,991, Honduras 1,356, and Hayti 1,922.
Car Owners Are Taxed Too
Brooklyn and Iowa
LRAGE owners of Brooklyn have solemnly "DROOKLYN is a big town. It is the most called on the police to inform them that populous of the boroughs of Greater New
they are taxpayers and are losing a possible $2,500,000 a year in revenue because 25,000 cars are parked on the streets at night. Seems not to have occurred to them that the car owners are taxpayers too, and that if it is right to park a car on the streets at any time it is as much right to park it when the street is vacant as when it is full of traffic.
Older Men Less Conceited
A PSYCHOLOGICAL examination of two groups of college professors revealed that the men from sixty to eighty years of age are in everyway as capable as the men from twenty-five to forty-five years of age, but that they make many more self-disparaging and self-belittling remarks than the younger men. In other words, youth knows it all, but old age is not quite so sure but that the other fellow may know something too.
York, having 693,089 more people than has Manhattan. Iowa is a big state. It has some good-sized towns, Dubuque, Cedar Rapids, Burlington, Davenport, Muscatine, Iowa City, Des Moines, Council Bluffs, Waterloo. Well, there are more people in Brooklyn than in the whole state of Iowa. Its population is 2,560,401, and that of Iowa is only 2,470,939.
'America’s 504 Beauty Roses
IN 1929 America’s 504 “Beauty Roses” (persons with annual incomes of $1,000,000 or more) paid taxes on net incomes equal to the crops grown by 2,332,000 wheat growers and cotton planters. Their net income for a year exceeded the life wages of 40,000 factory workers. To have earned as much as these Beauty Roses earned in one year, 504 laborers would have had to start work in the days of Jeremiah and wTork' continuously until today.
Scientific Design of Packages
IN THE Graybar building, New York city, is a peculiar room, set apart for designers of packages of coffee, tea or what not. After the containers are designed in many different colors and forms, disinterested laymen are brought in to see which design is preferred. The one that receives the most votes is the one in which, the product is eventually marketed.
How the Princess Got Diphtheria
REFERRING to Princess Helen, of Rumania, and her coming down with diphtheria, the news dispatches say naively, “It was not certain whether this resulted from genuine infection or whether it might have developed from the anti-diphtheria injections administered to prevent her being infected.” That is rich, to say the least.
Fewer People Traveling
WHEN times get hard many people have to stay at home. They simply do not have the money to travel. Traffic in and out of New York city for 1930 shows a loss of about 13,000,600 persons. There were 6,000,000 fewer passen-„ gers on the Hudson Tubes, 5,000,000 fewer on the Pennsylvania Railroad, and 1,000,000 fewer on the New Haven road.
A Village Where All Are Blind
IT IS said that the Mexican village of Tiltepec, in the state of Oaxaca, has a population of 900, all totally or partially blind. The children are not born blind, but are victims of an insect, mosquito-like, which breeds in the swift mountain streams near the little village. The malady produces sensitiveness to the light so that persons stricken with it cannot stand the sunlight. The inhabitants require little clothing. They manage to grow a little grain and some sheep.
Uses for Ultra-Violet Rays
ULTRA-VIOLET rays are being used in the bringing up of St. Bernard puppies, which, like babies, are subject to rickets. They are also being used for the babies themselves, and for baby chicks. The Home for Hebrew Infants, Kingsbridge, New York, has under its roof seventy-five glass houses or cubicles, each home made of ultra-violet transmitting glass. Certain babies are kept in these glass houses for the first year of their lives.
Liners Become Whalers
npi-IE White Star liners Medic, Athenic, Runic and Suevic have been turned into whaling factories or mother ships for whaling fleets. Each carries five or six of the whale chasers, 125 feet long, that actually do the work of capturing the whales. The ships have been completely remodeled, so that the whales, as caught, can be hauled aboard and turned into shaving cream.
Six-Hour Day at Battle Creek
TN SHIFTING- from three eight-hour shifts J- to four six-hour shifts daily, the Kellogg Company, of Battle Creek, Michigan, has reduced overhead, increased production, increased the base rates of all employees from one-eighth up, and has employed 20 percent additional persons. Of course, to make machinery pay the largest dividends, the way to do is to run it day and night as hard as it will go.
Fortune Telling in South Bend
A WRITER in The Nation visited the shops of four clairvoyants or fortune-tellers in that city. One, a woman, admitted that her income has trebled in the last year. A male fortune-teller said that his average income, $35 a week in 1929, is now close to $200 a week. The Writer concludes that the middle and upper classes of South Bend are groping for some reassurance in the midst of what others admit are very hard times.
All Beasts Fear Man.
John Brandeis, a big game hunter, says of the wild beasts most dreaded:
Every wild animal fears man. Only when he is cornered or wounded or harassed beyond limit of his patience will the most ferocious attack, except in isolated instances. Most wild animals will beat a precipitous retreat upon sighting or catching the taint of man. The big cats depart the scene with dignity, as do the grizzly and Kodiak bears, but the majority of wild-animals slink away or charge blindly for cover. Much has been said and written of the ferocity of the rhinoceros. I have shot him with both rifle and motionpicture camera, and it has been my observation that his mad charges are simply attempts to get away from the man taint. He can see only a few feet, and charges blindly. Anything that gets in his way is out of luck, but I am firmly convinced that he is retreating rather than attacking.
'All May Be Fingerprinted
IT HAS recently been suggested, and reasonably too, that there would be great advantages in fingerprinting everybody in the country. It would help to locate victims of amnesia, lost children and others. After July 1 all applicants for civil service positions in the United States government must be fingerprinted. It is anticipated that this will keep criminals out of Uncle Sam’s employ.
False Arrest in the Murder City
MER1CA is the murder country of the world, and Memphis is the murder city. On February 22 a school-book salesman visiting the city made inquiries as to the whereabouts of a former university classmate, a communist. He was immediately seized and thrown into jail, where he was kept forty hours incommunicado. Now Memphis has a suit for false arrest on its hands. Evidently it needs a new police force. Everything indicates it.
A Question in Mathematics
TF IT takes $11,000,000 a year to keep out undesirable immigrants and deport 16,000 undesirable aliens a year, how long will it be before we shall be able to control this bunch of highway robbers that is oppressing the poor by service charges for the small quantities of gas, water and electricity they can afford to use ? And is an “undesirable alien” who desires to work at manual toil any worse for the country than a pickpocket who makes electric current at three-tenths of a cent per kilowatt hour and sells it at nine cents to a poor man who is out of work?
Internal ionol Debts Harder to Pay
olonel Leonard P. Ayres, of the Cleveland Trust Company, an acknowledged financial authority, writing of recent changes in the value of the dollar, says:
The British have paid in dollars more than one-third of what they originally borrowed, and now they owe in real debt, measured in commodity values, more than twice as much as they did at the end of 1919, just after they had received the last advances from our treasury. As commodity prices decline all debts become harder to pay. The dollars owed are equivalent to increasing amounts of goods. They represent greater totals of human effort, and more tons and bushels of valuable merchandise. That is what has happened to the British debt.
Stoking in the New Yorker
TN THE New Yorker, one of Manhattan’s newest skyscrapers, a single man presses levers which drop down coal from the chutes in which it is stored. Other levers run it through pulverizing machinery, weigh it, and blow it into the furnaces, where it is consumed. Still others blow the ashes seventy feet to the trucks at the street levels. The coal is neither seen nor touched by anybody from the time, it is dropped in the chutes until it comes out as ashes. Does anybody now claim that labor-saving machinery does not save labor? And who are to feed the laborers that are thus displaced? The answer is. that, in the end, they must be fed by the owners of the machinery; for it is certain that they will be fed, and there is no other way to do it.
The Path to Fame
amuel S. Wyer, the man who originated the idea of using utility textbooks in the public schools, in a hearing at Harrisburg, testified that the Public Service Commission of Pennsylvania bought a textbook on natural resources for distribution and 37,000 of these went into the schools; that A. W. Thompson, of the Duquesne Light and Power Company, paid for a pamphlet on the water power survey which the Smithsonian Institution put out and that the then secretary of commerce, Herbert C. Hoover, had a second edition of this survey rushed through the government printing office. Thus is brilliantly lighted the paths to fame of some half a dozen great and near-great men and institutions.
In Ueno, Nevada
IN RENO, Nevada, thirty saloons run wide open. Gambling is the largest industry. Prostitution is the fourth largest. Anybody who will stay in Reno six weeks can get a divorce from anybody else. The secretary of the Y.M.C.A. admitted that he did not oppose the recent gambling bill. He is reputed to have said, “Had we opposed it we would have had to close up, because all Reno wanted the bill to pass and business would never have supported us if we had fought that bill.” So the Reno Y.M.C.A. is supported; and if you want to know who supports it, it is the business men. And if you want to know what the businesses of Reno are, well, you already know, for you have been told. But, anyway, the Y.M.C.A. is supported.
Chemical Bank Questionnaire
THE Chemical Bank’ and Trust Company of
New York apparently wants to know something about its employees, for it has recently asked them to supply the following information:
"Name, address, telephone number, date and place of birth, whether married or not; if married, the number of children, their ages and occupations, and if unmarried, whether engaged and if so, when.
“These questions are then put:
Is your married life harmonious? If not, explain circumstances.
Are you living with your husband or wife? If not, explain circumstances.
Divorced ? When ? Who instigated divorce proceedings and why?
Widow or widower? From what date?
Are both your parents living? If so, are they living-together? ¥71101'6?
If your father is living, where is he employed and what is his occupation?
Do you own an automobile? Make, year, cost? Did you purchase it for cash or on the installment basis? From whom, address? Is it fully paid for? If not, how much is still owing?
Do you have a driver’s license? Give number, state and county issued in. Has your driver’s license ever been revoked? If so, why?
Do you carry automobile insurance? If so, state type of coverage and respective amounts.
If you own an automobile, where do you keep it garaged? How much garage rent do you pay?
If you have a driver’s license but do not own an automobile, whose ear do you drive?
Name, address, age.
Have you ever had an automobile accident? State details. Are any damage suits pending against you? State details.
Education, Religion, Contacts.
What recreations do you indulge in, and to what extent? Do you play golf? Do you belong to a golf club? Name of club, location, initiation fees, yearly fees.
Where have you spent your summer vacations for the past five years? State respective year at each place.
Name the social organizations, clubs, lodges and other associations you belong to and state annual dues of each respectively.
Give the history of your education beginning with grammar school up to the present.
What is your religious faith? What church do you attend? What is the name of the pastor, priest, or rabbi? Address?
Who is your family doctor? Address? Who is your dentist? Address?
eg;
Give names and addresses of at least three responsible men who have known you for a reasonable length of time and state how long.
To what extent do you use alcoholic liquors?
Name the employees of this bank with whom you have social contacts.
Are you interested in any -way as a stockholder, indorser or guarantor in any business or enterprise of any description outside your present position in the bank? Give particulars. Are you employed by any person or firm in addition to the bank either full or part time ? Give particulars.
Financial Questions.
Do you own your oven home ? In what name or names is the deed recorded? Describe type of house and state original cost.
Who holds first mortgage ? Amount, interest rate, due ? Who holds second mortage? Amount, interest rate, due? Who holds third mortage? Amount, interest rate, due ? How are these mortgages amortized ? Are any of these what is termed an “open mortgage”? If so, when did they mature and why was renewal or payment not made?
Do you rent any part of your home? To whom, rent received?
Do you live with your parents? What board do you pay?
Do you rent? What rent do you pay? Give name and address of your landlord.
Give names, addresses, relationships and ages of persons dependent on you for support, either fully or in part, stating the amount you contribute to each.
Does your wife or husband work? Occupation, salary, name and address of employer?
What insurance policies do you carry? Company, type, beneficiary, amount, annual premium?
Savings ok Debts?
Have you any savings bank account? In what banks? In whose name or names do they stand? Do you have a checking account? In what banks? In what name or names do they stand?
Do you borrow from your banks? How much do you owe at present? Secured or unsecured?
Have you a safe deposit box or any interest in one? In what company? In whose name or names does it stand ?
Do you have any building and loan accounts? In what companies? In what name or names do they stand?
Are you indebted to any loan company ? Name of company? Amount owing? When due? Names and addresses of co-makers and endorsers?
Do you own any stocks and bonds? Amount, security, date purchased, price purchased?
QOLDEN AGE
Do you carry marginal accounts with brokers or banks, or do you have an interest in any? With what brokerage houses or banks? In whose name or names do th y stand? Give details of collateral as follows: Amount, security, date purchased, price purchased. What is your equity in the account ?
Give history of any partial payment contracts you are a party to. Purchased from, article, cost, terms? Still owing?
Do you owe any money to any relative, friend or acquaintance ? If so, give details as follows: Owing to, amount, since, due, security?
Give names and addresses of at least five of your most intimate social friends and their ages.”
This questionnaire seems to have omitted the inquiry as to -which of the employee’s eyes is the glass one, but probably the general answer that it is the most sympathetic one will meet the needs of the moment. Otherwise, the questionnaire seems to be all right.
Information Concerning the World War
THE Women’s Peace Society is circulating in question and answer form some very interesting information concerning the World War: Q. 'What were the root causes of the "World War?
A. (1) Trade rivalry between Great Britain and Germany and the scramble for territory especially in Africa. (2) The conflict between Russia and Germany for the domination of the Balkan Peninsula. (3) The old inherited animosities between France and Germany.
Q. What was the immediate cause of the outbreak of hostilities?
A. The murder of the Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary, in Bosnia, by members of a PanSlavic organization working hand in hand with the Serbian government for the annexation of Bosnia to Serbia.
Q. What were the official reasons for the entry of the United States into the World AVar?
A. (1) Resumption of submarine warfare by Germany (after the failure of Great Britain to agree to its discontinuance at the request of Germany, with the United States acting as intermediary). (2) Interference with neutral trade. (3) Economic ties with the allies. (4) “To make the World safe for Democracy.” (5) “To end war.”
Q. What were the contributing factors ?
A. (1) The sinking of the Lusitania, a British ship, carrying munitions of war, with the loss of 114 Americans (on board in spite of warning by Germany). (2) Allied propaganda.
Q. Was Germany the “sole aggressor” in the World War?
A. The opinion of the “sole guilt” of Germany is no longer held by educated persons who have studied the facts.
Q. Was Germany the only prepared nation in Europe in 1914; and did preparedness prevent?
A. No! Germany had 806,000 soldiers
Austria “ 370,000
Italy “ 305,000
France “ 818,000
Russia “ 1,284,000
Belgium “ 280,000
At present, ten years after the war to end war, all nations, including the United States, (except Germany) have larger armies than in 1914.
Q. Did Great Britain enter the war to defend Belgium?
A. Great Britain has officially denied the “protection of Belgium” myth, and acknowledged that the struggle between rival imperialisms was the real reason.
Q. Would Great Britain have invaded Belgium in case of military necessity?
A. Yes! As early as 1911 Great Britain and France had perfected a plan for “marching through” Belgium in the event of a war with Germany.
Q. Has any nation ever observed the established “rules” in war time?
A. No! Military necessity alone counts in war time. Q. Why is it that governments cannot tell the people the true reasons for declaring war?
A. Because YOU would not support a war if YOU knew the truth beforehand.
More Points for the Shavers
I HAVE the joy of telling you and all Golden
Age readers how to get a splendid shave with no bad after-effects: Before lathering rub a little lanolin into the beard, only a little; lather with ordinary shaving soap and brush as usual, and you will see what good results follow.
By George R. Phillips (England)
Another thing to remember is, never dip safety blades in hot water, but cold, as hot water lessens their life of shaving. Lanolin is the nearest to natural face oil, or rather reckoned to be; it is wool fat refined and purified.
“Bible Students Radio Echo” (?)
DOES it follow that because one knows much truth he is therefore an acceptable servant of God? Certainly not. There are hosts of spirit creatures who possess far more mere knowledge of the truth than is possessed by many of us poor humans, but instead of being acceptable servants of God they are his enemies and are so accounted by him. The existence and the activities of these unseen opposers is well known to every student of the Scriptures, and particularly to such of these as are in the Lord’s work.
Does it follow that those who were once used by the Lord in doing His work will continue to be used by Him provided they retain the full possession of their faculties and have the purpose to utilize these in the way they think best to accomplish God’s will? The answer is, Certainly not.
God has His ways of doing things, and the Scriptures plainly show that it is His purpose that His work shall be done in His way, and that He may use a person for a time and then, because of some deflection, He may cease to use him even though he has the same ability as before, the same desire to be used, and even though he has a determination to serve, regardless of whether his services are desired or not. Let us see the truth of this. We choose a number of illustrations that should appeal at once to every true servant of God.
There was a time when Esau apparently had his birthright. That is to say, there was a time when he appeared to be in line for the blessings promised to Abraham, one of which blessings was that the Messiah should come through his Line; but Esau did not have a proper regard for the divine blessing, and because he was willing to exchange this intangible and invisible thing for a mess of pottage, he was accounted unworthy to be the progenitor of the One upon whom the salvation of the world depends and “ye know' how that afterward, when he would have inherited the blessing, he was rejected; for he found no place of repentance, though he sought it carefully with tears”.—Heb. 12:17.
The Sin of Nadab and Abihu
There is the case of Nadab and Abihu. Among the 600,000 men who came out of Egypt with Moses, these two sons of Aaron had been greatly honored. They did not, of course, fully understand the importance of their work, but the privilege of assisting in the tabernacle services seems to have been limited largely or altogether to Aaron and his four sons. Nadab and Abihu, before being appointed to the priesthood, had the signal honor of being appointed by name by Jehovah God to accompany Aaron and the seventy elders of Israel when they ascended into the mount of God to receive instructions respecting the tabernacle which was thereafter to be a meeting place between Jehovah and Israel. (Ex. 24:1, 9) Perhaps because they had been designated by name by Jehovah God they 'were guilty of presumption in undertaking to do His work in some other than His way.
At any rate, we have the record that they both put fire in their censers “and put incense thereon, and offered strange fire before the Lord, which he commanded them not. And there went out fire from the Lord, and devoured them; and they died before the Lord”. (Lev. 10:1, 2) What are we to understand from this? We must certainly see that it teaches that even though one has been greatly honored by the Lord in connection with the things of the Kingdom, he is not to assume that it is because of any respect that God has for his person, because no such respect exists. He must ever walk carefully before the Lord, fearing to take things in his own hands, lest he and his works be suddenly and completely destroyed, and that without remedy.
Krom the fact that immediately after the destruction of Nadab and Abihu a command was given to Aaron not to drink wine or strong drink when entering the tabernacle it is inferred that both Nadab and Abihu were under the influence of liquor when they committed the sin which cost them their lives. They both died childless. Their destruction seems to represent the destruction in the second death which comes upon those who, having once been greatly honored of God and thereafter elevated to the priesthood, forget to walk humbly with their God and assume to serve Him in ways unauthorized by Him.
The Presumption of Miriam
There is the case of Miriam, the sister of Moses and Aaron. Like her nephews, Nadab and Abihu, this woman was several times greatly honored by the Lord. It is supposed that it was she who watched over the ark which contained the infant Moses. (Ex. 2:4, 7) She was a prophetess of Jehovah God’s own appointment. (Mic.
6: 4) She and her companions sang triumphantly to the glory of God when the hosts of Egyptians that ere pressing on to destroy Israel were overthrown in the midst of the sea. (Ex. 15:20,21) Yet this woman, one of the most highly honored women of all time, made Moses’ marriage with the woman of his choice an occasion of murmuring against his superior position and influence. She claimed, and truly, that God had spoken by her as well as by Moses. For this insubordination to the will of God she was made a leper as white as snow, and but for the intercession of Moses would have continued in this ignoble and unhappy condition until the hand of death overtook her.
The Unfaithful Spies
There were the cases of Shammua, Shaphat, Igai, Palti, Gaddiel, Gaddi, Ammiel, Sethur, Nahbi and Geuel. These men were designated by name to go and spy out the land of Canaan “and see the land, what it is; and the people that dwelleth therein, whether they be strong or weak, few or many; and what the land is that they dwell in, whether it be good or bad; and what cities they be that they dwell in, whether in tents, or in strong holds; and what the land is, whether it be fat or lean, whether there be wood therein, or not. And be ye of good courage, and bring of the fruit of the land”. (Num. 13:18-20) These men were not faithful to their commission. When confronted with difficulties they lacked the faith in the Lord to go ahead and finish their task in a true and faithful manner. They died before the Lord for their unfaithfulness and for making all the congregation murmur against the Lord’s leadings. (Num. 14:36,37) After they had perished those who had been misled by their wrong course presumed to ‘carry on’ where these had left off. The account of what happened to those who were influenced by them, followed in their course, is full of portent to those who read and consider:
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