Golden Age, October 15, 1930

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The Golden Age

A JOURNAL OF FACT HOPE AND: COURAGE

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in this issue ■

SALVAGINGS

CORN SUGAR

T. B. TESTED MILK

ALUM AND CHLORINE IN WATER SUPPLY

- THE SAUVA ANTS

IS HELL HOT?

Full text of an address by Judge Butlierford, broadcast in WATCHTOAvek national chain program.

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jwe cents a copy one dollar a year Canada & Foreign 1.25

Vol. XII - No. 289 October 15, 19 3 0

LABOR AND ECONOMICS

Hard Times Widely Distributed 37

The Four-Hour Day Coming . 37

Industrial Democracy at Indianapolis

SOCIAL AND EDUCATIONAL

Salvagings ........ 35

Denmark Sells Its Warship , . 35

Russia Getting Ready for Something

Transportation Levels at Grand Central

Hurrah for Judge Runyon!

MANUFACTURING AND MINING

Doodle Bug Operation .... 46

FINANCE—COMMERCE—TRANSPORTATION

Labor Compares Bethlehem and France . .

World-wide Business Depression 40

Our Insane Medium of Exchange 47

POLITICAL—DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN

Anti-Fascisti Fleeing Italy . . 36

Slavery in the Congo .... 36

The Rulers of India .... 39

New Zealand Administration of

Samoa

Russian Revolution vs. Capitalistic Wars

AGRICULTURE AND HUSBANDRY

Corn Sugar

Of Interest to Flower Enthusiasts

History of the Dahlia .... 45

SCIENCE AND INVENTION

The Amphibian Tank . . . . 35

A New Light Discovered ... 38

Just Missed Being a Billionaire 45 Tinallium ........48

HOME AND HEALTH

Massachusetts Doctors to Assist God . ...... . 48

Another Morning Brush Convert 49 Aluminum Cooking Recipes . . 49

T. B. Tested Milk ...... 49 Alum and Chlorine in the Water

Supply ........ 50

TRAVEL AND MISCELLANY

What the Rulers Have ... 38

The “Sauva” Ants ..... 51 Wonderful Organization of Locusts 53 Feeding the Prisoners of the

Scottish Islands ... . 54

religion and philosophy

Poltergeist in Southern France 47

Is Hell Hot?

The Gods of Jesus and Mary Baker

Eddy

“Where Are the Dead?” . . . 62 Stealing, Lying and Forging—for

Christ

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Golden Age

Volume XII Brooklyn, N. Y., Wednesday, October 15, 1930 Number 289

Salvagings

What Happens to 100s000 Men

OF 100,000 men born on a given day, 90,757 live to be one year old; 80,129 live to be 27; 64,311 live to be 52; and 32,583 live to be 72. The first year of life is the hardest on the child and the hardest on its parents.

Tuberculosis Among Young Cotton Workers

THE figures show that the tuberculosis rate among boys fifteen to nineteen years of age employed in the Fall River (Mass.) cotton mills was nearly double that of boys not so employed, and among girls was far more than double that of girls not so employed.

Denmark Sells Its Warship

DENMARK has decided to sell its warship.

Now if Britain and Uncle Sam and Japan and France and Italy will all do the same thing we shall all be at peace, or we should be unless Germany bought them all, and. then we should have to start all over again.

Jerusalem’s New Hotel

THE King David hotel, now building in Jerusalem, will be superior to any other hotel in western Asia or any part of Africa. It is an immense structure, covering nearly or quite an entire city block, and equipped with all modern comforts and conveniences.

Germany’s Non-tearable Money

GERMANY’S new money cannot be torn.

This result is obtained by spraying the notes with a metal. The new bills are noninflammable and are said to be virtually non-crumpable.

The Amphibian Tank

THE amphibian tank being made at Rahway, -*• N.J., will go ten miles an hour in the water, fifty miles on a rough road, and seventy miles an hour on a smooth road. This rambling fortress, as it is called, is supposed to be bombproof and gasproof.

Walls One Foot Thick

THE rooms in which solid carbon dioxid is carried from Tampico to New York have corkboard walls one foot in thickness. This solid dry ice turns back into a gas very slowly, producing intense cold as it does so, as low as 140 degrees below zero, Fahrenheit.

Russian Goods in Persia

IT IS said that Russia has about 50 percent of

Persia’s trade and is making it a dumping ground for surplus sugar and for cotton. Russian oil is sold on the Persian Gulf cheaper than that of the Anglo-Persian Oil Company, which has its own oil fields right on the spot.

The Hog’s Sewer System

A FEW inches above each of a hog’s front feet is an open sore or issue out of which this dirty animal ejects some of the poisons which accumulate in its system. The Lord evidently made no mistake when He designated the hog as unclean. Many hogs are tubercular. In numerous instances their livers are filled with abscesses. Pork eaters often suffer from tapeworm, trichina and cancer.

The Devil Worshipers of Paris

SPHERE are said to be in the city of Paris twenty-two chapels in which Satan is deliberately worshiped as such, the worshipers expecting as their return a larger share of earth’s good things than would otherwise come to them. There is a split between the cults, one holding that Satan has vanquished God, and the other that he has merely become the first challenger.

Human Vivisection Material

AMAN in Bridgeport, Connecticut, unable to obtain employment, has offered himself as a subject for medical experiment, or, in other words, human vivisection. He merely stipulates that arrangements must be made to care for his wife, to whom he has been wed for the last eleven years.

Porto Rico Poor and Sick

PORTO RICO is poor and it is sick. It is so poor that three-fifths of the school children could not go to school if they wanted to, because there are no schools for them. The death rate is four and a half times what it is in the United States. Poverty and a high death rate always go hand in hand.

Strikers Make a Success of Business

rpWO years ago 250 strikers left the clothing making firm of David Adler and Sons Co.

and rented a factory at which they made up clothing on contract for Hart, Schaffner and Marx of Chicago. They have made a complete success of their business and their old employers have discontinued operations. -

Cost of Steamer Operation

QOME idea may be had of the great cost of steamer operation when it is learned that a round trip of the Bremen, the world’s fastest boat, costs in the neighborhood of $625,000. Such a boat must go loaded on every trip, winter and summer, or prove a financial burden to its owners.

Anti-Fascisti Fleeing Italy

A Temporary Solution of the Wheat Tangle

SEVERAL groups of Italian anti-Fascisti TTTITH large wheat crops all over the world, have recently fled from the unbearable ’ » American bins full, and farmers being

tyranny of the Mussolini forces that now have Italy in slavery. Even women and little children have fled over mountain passes ten thousand feet above sea level in order to escape. One woman broke her leg on a glacier, but was rescued; another young woman died in a raging blizzard.

Free Speech on Strikes

CONGRESS can make no law abridging freedom of speech, but according to Mr. Green, president of the American Federation of Labor, the Federation is at times forbidden to publish the fact that strikes are in progress, forbidden to discuss strikes, and even forbidden to talk over strikes that are in progress. No doubt these prohibitions come fro i federal judges who have placed their decisions above the Constitution, the supreme law of the land.

Slavery in the Congo

THE charge is made that the Belgian government, which, in a way, was the center of the great war that was to make the world safe for democracy, is so cruel in its rule of the poor blacks in the Congo region that they are forcibly recruited for public labor even when they are in a dying condition, and that the mor-paid more for wheat than it would bring in open market, the government was compelled to ask them to plant less. But now the unprecedented drought is showing a way'out. Wheat has fallen so low that it can now be profitably fed to stock, and as only about half the corn is maturing it is almost necessary to use it in that way.

tality rates among these poor blacks are almost . to see that the profit system is doomed, because equal to Belgium’s casualty rates during the it is bringing ruin to the workers, and thus to

World War.

Sound Sense from Owen D. Young

Owen D. Young says: “What shall we do with our surplus wheat or cotton, or what you please? We must get rid of it. There are only two ways. Either we must burn it at home or sell it abroad. If America starts to burn surplus wheat when people are hung*ry elsewhere in the world, that fire will start a conflagration which we cannot stop. There is no way out except to market this surplus where men are hungry and where men are underclothed.”

Stomachs Empty While Wheat Piles Up

THE London Herald says: “Stomachs remain empty while wheat piles up in the elevators, and farmers dread a too good harvest. And as goods accumulate and men decay, production must be artificially restricted. Unemployment grows. Purchasing power declines again. The vicious circle widens.” Everybody is beginning all. God’s kingdom alone will solve this difficulty.

Racketeering in New York

IT IS estimated that in the last eighteen months clothing manufacturers in New York city have paid Yvo million dollars to racketeers who have offered to provide them with protection against the demands of labor organizations. The manufacturers are afraid not to pay. Evidence of this form of blackmail is now in the hands of the New York district attorney.

What a One-armed Man Can Do

ONE-ARMED man in Bradford, England, can button his shirt cuff, roll up his sleeve,

London and New York

ONDON continues to be a much safer city than New York. In one year London had 47 murder and manslaughter cases. New York in the same time had 357 murder and manslaughter cases, or more than seven times as many. The only satisfaction we have is that conditions in Chicago are still worse.

Lloyd George Distrusts the Governments

EFERRING to repeated anti-war pacts and repeated preparations for war Lloyd

lace up his shoes and tie the strings with double bow knot, trim his finger nails, put on his collar and tie, sharpen a lead pencil, cut his meat at table, do gardening, and clip the hedge. He has taught many crippled soldiers how to make use of members left them.

Hard Times Widely Distributed

T ATLANTIC CITY, in midsummer, many of the hotels were unopened and many of

the business places were closed. In Detroit eight thousand families were receiving help from the city. In Virginia the soil was dry six feet below the surface. Berries dried on the bushes. Farmers parted with pigs for 50c or $1 and with cattle for $2, because they had nothing to give them. In Ohio a whole community of 200 farmers descended upon a road construction camp and demanded work, so that they might have means to keep their families alive, and they got the work, too. Milch cows, in Ohio, lacking pasturage, have ceased to furnish milk.

The Four-Hour Day Coming

ovebnor Trujibull, of Connecticut, referring to the fact that all the industries in the

George recently said: “If a drunkard signed a pledge that he wmuld take no more drinks, and you heard he was filling his cellars with the choicest and most expensive wines, and that he was occasionally taking a nip to taste them, you would know that he was preparing for another spree.”

Mr. Greer Objects to Funeral

TV/Tk. Robert J. Greer, of Atlantic City, re-1VJL turned home the other day, and objected strenuously to the preparations that were being made for his funeral. While these objections no doubt included the item of expense involved, the principal objection which he had to offer was that he was not dead, and the person they had in the coffin and which they had identified as him was not he himself, but somebody else. Naturally, if a man is going to pay his own funeral expenses, and live to see the bill receipted, he wants to make sure that it is he himself and not some stranger that is getting all the attentions.

Russia Getting Ready for Something

USSIA seems to be getting ready for something. On one day recently there was

East are overcrowded, and that one workman can produce as much as thirty-two workmen produced seventy-five years ago, recently made a plea that hours of labor be cut so that employment might be distributed more widely. He said': “It has been estimated that employees working four hours per day universally can produce all the necessities, all the luxuries, make additions to surplus capital and still enjoy all the things we have had in the past, and that the work hours required per clay will become less and less as mass production and mechanization of industry increases and grows.”

opened in Russia the largest agricultural machinery plant in Europe, and a tractor factory with an output greater than all the other tractor factories in Europe put together. It is claimed that Russia will have 17,000,000 of its citizens engaged in some form of military and aviation activity by October 1,1933. Six million men will be instructed in aerial and chemical defense, and 5,500,000 women will be given courses in elementary military science, gas warfare and Red Cross nursing. The mechanical instruction and preparation of Russia is largely in the hands of American financiers.

What the Rulers Have

HE emperor of Abyssinia has a motor car fitted with machine guns; the pope has an auto presented to him by the city of Milan, the seat of which is a gilded throne; the shah of Persia has a snow-white Pierce-Arrow car with gold-plated hardware and with diamonds embedded here and there in the interior decorations. The king of Siam has a motor boat 38 feet long which will go- at a speed of 70 miles an hour.

Work for Neither Man nor Beast

PEAKING of a certain time the Scriptures say that before those days there was work for neither man nor beast. Apparently most of it would be done by machinery. Unemployment is widespread all. over the world, and growing by leaps and bounds. In America, Britain and Germany it is expressed in millions. In Wallas-sey, England, lately, sixty-eight men cast lots to see who should have the great privilege of two jobs that opened up in an electric power station.

A New Light'Discovered

e. William George Schnell, of Los Angeles, has discovered a means of impounding the sun’s rays by mixing certain basic minerals with oils. The light is said to have great brilliancy and to last indefinitely. It is maintained that the substance of the discovery contains the same atoms as the sun and that when the compound meets the sun’s rays there is an affinity that results in the powerful light. As soon as he made the discovery somebody broke his neck, but he is still living. His friends think that representatives of the Power Trust tried to kill him.

Adventists Misunderstand Creative Days

T SAN FRANCISCO, Seventh-Day Adventists, in solemn conference assembled, have declared that God created the earth in six days of twenty-four hours each. The Bible teaches nothing of the sort. We know the length of one of the creative days, the seventh. It is seven thousand years long. We have been in it for six thousand years and will be in it for yet another thousand. The length of the creative days is thus established at about seven thousand years each. For further particulars see Judge Rutherford’s book Creation.

Transportation Levels at Grand Central

T THE Grand Central station there is a viaduct crossing over Forty-second Street ; below it is Forty-second Street itself. Beneath that are two levels of underground sidewalks and ramps. Then there, is the Times Square subway shuttle. Then comes the level of the Lexington Avenue subway trains. Beneath that is the Queensborough subway, and still farther down is the underground power plant for the Grand Central zone; seven levels in all.

Industrial Democracy at Indianapolis

WITH rare wisdom and generosity the Hap-good brothers, owners of the Columbia Conserve Company of Indianapolis, have turned over their million-dollar business to their employees. Wages in this plant are based on needs, not efficiency or earning power. The rate is fixed by fellow workers. Married men are automatically paid more than single men, and are paid extra for each child up to three in number. Jobs are permanent. Old age pensions are provided. Last year the concern made a net profit of $163,000.' .

An Intelligent Shepherd Dog •

POLICE dog became entangled in a -wire and was held an involuntary prisoner in a

Franklin (N. II.) wood. An intelligent shepherd dog found him, sensed his predicament, and succeeded in bringing a human creature to help him out of his trouble. In the effort to find somebody that would come in to the aid of the police dog the shepherd dog had worn a smooth path from the edge of the wood to the place where the captive was enmeshed. Dogs do not shoot one another. They have no chaplains. They do not use poison gas.

Rayburn Expounds the Scriptures

“HOLINESS” preacher in Englewood, Tennessee, did not preach to suit one of his hearers, another “reverend” gentleman by the name of Rayburn. Mr. Rayburn undertook to set him straight and was invited to leave. One of the congregation tried to accelerate his gait and Rev. Rayburn’s daughter knocked him down twice. At this distance it looks as if in Englewood the Scripture which reads, “Fight the good fight of faith,” had been changed to read, “If thy brother disagreeth with thee, sock him in the jaw.”

“Labor” Compares Bethlehem and France

COMMENTING caustically on the arrangement by which the Bethlehem Steel Company paid its president last year $1,623,753 in salary and bonus, most of it as a direct incentive to keep wages down to the lowest possible levels, the labor periodical Labor compares this foolish system to that of Louis XVI who used to farm out the French taxes on a somewhat similar plan. It worked for a time, but after a while it did not work; and all know what happened. A group of Bethlehem executives received a total of $36,493,668 in bonuses from 1911 to 1929, inclusive. Think what this would have meant to the workers if it had been more equitably distributed.

Common Sense in Oregon

THE Portland (Oreg.) News recently made the common sense statement: “If we spent a hundred million dollars making peace in China, raising the living standard of millions of Chinese, we should get our money back in a year or two, besides making American factories hum. If we could make India’s teeming population ambitious for better living, spur Hindu and Mahometan to earn more, we could put hundreds of thousands of our people to work, supplying their needs. Today’s problem is not to cut production, but to increase consumption. While one baby goes hungry, while one man lives in filth and poverty, w’hile one woman lacks every modern appliance in her home, there should not be any talk of overproduction.”

The Rulers of India

A CCORDING to The Nation, Colonel Osburn, formerly a medical officer in India, denounces the Englishmen who go to India from Harrow, Eton and other schools as the most merciless and incapable of rulers. He says of the average civil or military official that he despises all Indians, bullies, beats, flogs and mutilates them, curses them on the roads, berates them obscenely in shops and public places, flouts their customs, and outrages their religious feelings and observances. He drinks heavily, gambles, dances, makes love to other men’s waves, and boasts of the outrageous abuse which he has visited upon merchants, farmers, workers and others. To take an Indian’s part brings down upon the offender suspicion, ostracism or official rebuke.

New Zealand Administration of Samoa

WRITING of New Zealand’s wretched administration of Western Samoa, A. W. Page, M.A., of New Zealand, has this to say: “The record of tyranny, persecution and callous brutality, culminating in the cold-blooded, shooting last December of native chiefs, which stains the New Zealand administration of Western Samoa, is as vile as anything known in the history of modern imperialism. Here is a civilized and cultured population of about 40,000 souls, of fine physical and mental development, being hunted and harried like wild beasts by their New Zealand rulers. An ordinance passed comes into force at once and does not need the sanction of the New Zealand Parliament. Thus the Samoans are completely at the mercy of foreign legislators in a foreign country, usually in complete ignorance of the territories for which they are legislating.”

Human Fertilizer Plants Proposed

T) ROBABLY he was only joking, but a writer J- in the Tacoma News Tribune has proposed that the government build abattoirs in which all poor persons above the age of 45, together with the criminals, idiots, insane, maimed and diseased, be slaughtered mercifully and their carcases be made into phosphate to be sold to the farmers at cost. To this list of objectionable persons should be added those who object to paying the Power Trust fifteen to twenty times the cost of what the Power Trust has to sell. It would seem that here is a great cause w-orthy of the publicity department of the Power Trust and one to "which they could give themselves with rare abandon. Having killed off all persons objectionable to them they could shove the rates up instead of down, make the service charge twice what it now is, and in other ways help make the world ready for a Power Trtist paradise.

McCoy Offended when Recognized as Corpse

TWO insurance men on Staten Island opened up a business of making out death certificates and forging the names of doctors, undertakers, cemetery officers, health department clerks, witnesses and beneficiaries. Then they collected the insurance on the dead men that were not dead. All went smoothly until another insurance man recognized John McCoy as one of those upon whom death benefits had been paid. McCoy was o .Tended when it was brought to his attention that he was legally dead, and insisted such is not the ease. In fact he made out such a good presentation of the matter that about forty others in the community took the same view of things. None of these were willing to admit that they were as dead as the death certificates stated. No doubt the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company will try to get some of this money back from the agents, and they are likely to spend some time in retirement, thinking the matter over more carefully..

World-wide Business Depression

EFERBINGr to the world-wide business depression, Julius H. Barnes, chairman of the board of directors of the United States Chamber of Commerce, in an address in Cleveland, recently said: “Today in America and throughout the world, we face a period of doubt and hesitation. Surpluses of commodities that move in world trade have depressed price levels in many lines to the depression point. Wheat of America, Canada, Argentina and Australia has lost the stimulative price of a year ago. Cotton of America and India and Egypt has entered the price level of discouragement. Copper of Africa, South America, Canada and the United States has reached the level of loss for marginal producers. Cattle of Argentina and sheep of Australia present an unprofitable level of trade balances in international commerce. But all of these surpluses are of such small percent of total production that a rise in the living standards of Europe approaching those of America would absorb these surpluses and call for stimulative production.”

P/Iishigan Slipping Badly

SUBSCRIBER in Michigan reports more than three times the number of arrests in the district where he lives in the first six months of 1930 as compared with the first six months of 1929. Some of the causes of arrest, and in the order of their frequency, were as follows: motor vehicles, prohibition, assault and battery, conservation laws, disorderliness, larceny, defrauding by checks, lewdness, concealed weapons, false pretenses, forgery, nonsupport, breaking and entering, defrauding boarding house, nonpayment of labor, destroying property, disposing of mortgaged property, possession of

stolen goods, rape, resisting an officer, search warrants, oral threats, uttering and publishing, narcotic laws, abandonment of wife, selling merchandise under weight, bribery, desertion, vagrancy, embezzlement, highway laws, homicide, impersonation of officers, indecency, leaving scone of accident, failure to deliver title, school laws, soliciting funds without license, cruelty to horses, keeping dog without license, felonious assault, bastardy, no barber’s license, bigamy, unchastity, gambling, escape from jail, maintaining public nuisances, criminal libel, operating stand for soft drinks without license, obtaining property under false pretense, concealing contract property, prostitution, seduction, selling cigarettes to minors, and criminal slander. What a terrible bunch these Michiganders are thus shown to be 1 -

Hurrah for Judge Runyon!

UST because we have some, unemployment in the United States, and because soviet

Russia is selling paper, pulp, coal, textiles, matches and other things at loss than we can produce them for, there is at present a wave of anti-Communism spreading over.the land, one of America’s temporary fits of insanity. In New Jersey a man who happened to be a believer in Communism was arrested and held four days in jail, not charged with any offense indictable in New Jersey as a crime. He finally came before Judge William N. Runyon, of the United States District Court, and that able and level-headed magistrate apologized to him for the inconvenience he had been caused and then said:

I don’t take it that this government is designed to throttle a man’s ideas, to close his mouth. I believe that free speech is just as much today an incident and a principle of this government as it ever was. I believe you have the right to express your ideas as and when you please so long as those ideas so expressed are not designed to undo and destroy our government. The exchange of your ideas, the announcement of your ideas in the course of conversation, are a part of your rights.

These words of sound sense on the part of a great jurist ought to be an eye-opener to some of these public officials here in this country who ought really to be clothed in skirts or rompers rather than in trousers, and are afraid of their own shadow after dark, and even in the daylight.

Corn Sugar By BI. E. Coffey (Texas)

Ij^OR our health's sake we should give due consideration to the foods we eat. An attempt is made in the following discussion of corn sugar to convey to the mind of the reader a correct understanding of what this name did mean and its meaning as generally applied today. I take liberty also to digress from a strict adherence to theme subject in order to bring to light facts which the public deserve to know’ in reference to several foodstuffs.

Corn Sugar and Corn Syrup in History

Before the rediscovery of America by Columbus the Aztecs and other people of America, were manufacturing corn sugar and corn syrup. The Universal Encyclopedia and Atlas (1895) says: “Humboldt reported, in an account of his visit to Mexico, that before the arrival of the Europeans, the Mexicans, as well as the Peruvians, pressed out the sap in the maize stalks and by concentration thereof prepared sugar, and Cortez reported to Charles V that the Mexicans had for sale honey, wax, sirup and sugar from the maize stalks, which were as sweet as sugar cane. From the maize grown in Germany in 1766 Justi obtained a fairly good sugar, and in Italy in 1748 Jacquin and Mara-belli erected a mill for pressing maize stalks and succeeded in making sugar therefrom.”

On pages 138, 139, volume 1, of Prescott’s History of Mexico is given an interesting description of the corn sugar industry of early America. I quote: “The great staple of the country, as, indeed, of the American Continent, was maize, or Indian corn which grew freely among the valleys and up the steep sides of the tableland. The Aztecs were as curious in its preparation, and as well instructed in its manifold uses, as the most expert New England housewife. Its gigantic stalks, in these equinoctial regions, afford a saccharine matter not found to the same extent in northern latitudes, and supplied the natives with sugar not inferior to that of the cane itself, which was not introduced among them until after the conquest.”

A paper written by Governor Winthrop of Massachusetts was published in 1678 in the “Philosophical Transactions”, Royal Society of Great Britain, a part of which states: “A sirup as sweet as sugar may be made of it, as has been often tried. And meats sweetened with it have not been distinguished from the like sweetened with sugar. Trial may easily be made, whether it will not be brought to crystallize or shoot into a saccharine powder, as the juice of sugar cane.”

Until recent years producers of corn sugar and corn syrup were to be found in a number of agricultural localities. As an example I mention Mr. F. L. Stewart, of Murraysville, Pennsylvania, who as late as 1904 exhibited at the Louisana Purchase Exposition samples of coni sugar and corn syrup from his factory.

History of a Sugar Falsely Called Corn Sugar

The chemical name for sugar made from the juices of the cornstalk, or from sugar cane, or from beets, is sucrose. Maple sugar is also sucrose, and honey is chiefly dextrose and levulose, with about 8 percent sucrose and containing a minute amount of other substances. Corn sugar as the name applies today is entirely dextrose. It is manufactured chiefly from corn starch by the catalytic action of hydrochloric acid on the starch grains. Hence a more appropriate name for it would be “starch sugar”. The same kind of sugar (dextrose) can be (and has been) made from the starch of the potato, cassava, rice, sorghum grains and other plant starches. Ordinary wood cellulose can be treated with concentrated acids to form the same kind of sugar (dextrose).

Credit for the discovery of the process for converting starch into dextrose by means of acids belongs to a Russian chemist of German ancestry named Gottlob Kirchof, who made the discovery in 1806 and revealed it to the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences in 1812. His government bestowed a life pension on him for this service. Interest was keen in Kirchof’s discovery during Napoleon’s blockade of continental Europe. On the overthrow of Napoleon interest quickly subsided. Resumption of normal commerce came rapidly and the beet sugar industry developed rapidly in France and Germany, which further lessened interest in the discovery. Detailed information and many other facts and history are to be found in a book published by Dr. H. Wichelhaus, at Leipzig, and entitled Der Starkezucker.

Some sixty-five years ago Dr. F. W. Goerling organized the Union Sugar Company in New York for manufacturing s+arch sugar and starch syrup under a new process patented by him, but the enterprise was not a lasting success. About 1880 Chicago manufacturers invested a million dollars in a corn sugar factory which was a failure, but in New York city about the same time Matthiessen and Wichers began manufacturing starch sugar and starch syrup under directions of the chemist Dr. Arno Behr and were successful commercially.

It is to a large extent due to Dr. Behr’s discoveries that corn is used so extensively today in producing starch, dextrose, commercial glucose, maize oil, gluten feed, etc. Although millions of dollars were spent in the attempt it was not until 1923 that the Bureau of Standards, Washington, succeeded in producing from corn starch a sugar (dextrose) chemically more than 99.9 percent pure and of clear white crystalline appearance.

The bureau claimed to have dedicated its discovery to the public good. It sent Mr. W. B. Newkirk to perform some experiments at the factory of the Corn Products Refining Company. Mr. Newkirk demonstrated his ability to make dextrose of high quality from corn starch. Subsequently the Corn Products Refining Company offered him a large salary and he left the services of the government. He then took out patents covering the process of manufacturing crystallized dextrose. Whether or not any of these patents cover processes discovered in the Bureau of Standards has never been divulged.

Today the Corn Products Refining Company have a practical monopoly of the manufacture of sugar from corn starch. Pennick & Ford are a subsidiary of this company (Corn Products Refining Company), and other independent companies have come under its control. The reader may judge how well the discoveries of the Bureau of Standards benefit the public.

The New Com Sugar Described

The new factory-made corn sugar (starch sugar) is not found in nature, but dextrose is found in the blood stream of man and- other animals. Because the new sugar differs in chemical properties from ordinary cane sugar it cannot be substituted wholly or in part for cane sugar. Corn sugar is only four-fifths as heavy as cane sugar and from one-half to three-fourths as sweet as cane sugar. It has been found that when corn sugar is heated with a mild alkali, as hard water or sweet milk, the product (bakery goods, or what not) develops a slightly bitter taste and becomes rather dark in color.

Since the new sugar caramelizes at a lower temperature than cane sugar, it is not satisfactory for candy brittles. These facts are gleaned from Bulletin 92 of the Iowa State College of Agriculture. Corn sugar is less soluble than cane sugar, and this is found to be a great disadvantage in preparing many foods. Jams, jellies and the like made with corn sugar have been found to be inferior in quality and appearance. This fact is certified to by the National Preservers Association.

How a Great Fraud Was Perpetrated

Before the enactment of the Pure Food Law the new corn sugar was called “grape sugar” (dextrose), and syrup made from starch was called “glucose”. Glylcys, from which the word “glucose” is derived, is a Greek word meaning “sweet”. Back in 1898 when it was opposing the mixed flour law, passed in that year, the present Corn Products Company went under the name “Glucose Sugar Refining Company”. Glucose sugar would be an appropriate name for the present corn sugar.

After the enactment of the pure food law the Corn Products people desired to have the name “corn syrup” applied to their glucose syrup. In 1907 their Mr. Bedford wrote the Board of Food and Drug Inspection: “We are advised by our attorneys that in their opinion the courts would uphold us in the use of the title ‘Corn Sirup’, but we do not want to seek relief in that way. We hope to get it from your honorable body.”

In the same year Dr. Harvey AV. Wiley, in a statement to the secretary of agriculture said: “The term ‘sirup’ means a sirup which is eaten on the table and which can only be made from the juice of sugar-producing plants according to the official standards and according to its accepted and common meaning. Thus glucose (commercial) could not possibly, with any ethical or legal right, be known as corn sirup. The only reason for wanting to use the name is to deceive the purchaser. True corn sirup has been made in this country in large quantities as far back as the Revolutionary War, and espe-

daily in large quantities in the decade between 1840 and 1850, as the records of the Patent Office, which at that time published the agricultural reports, will show. The term ‘corn sirup’ can therefore apply only to the product obtained from the saccharine juices of the maize stalk. To designate glucose under the name of ‘corn sirup’ is a violation of all the ethical and legal principles on which the enforcement of the food and drugs acts is based, as well as the plain letter of the law itself.”

Under the federal Food and Drugs Act the only office in the United States with authority to decide whether an article is adulterated or misbranded is the Bureau of Chemistry. In 1907 this bureau decided that under the law “corn sirup” when used to designate glucose was a misbranding.

When proof of this decision was read to Mr. Roosevelt, who was president at the time, he assumed a false authority which he did not possess and ordered the secretary of agriculture to change the decision of the Bureau of Chemistry, The Bureau of Chemistry could not be convinced that it was wrong, even by the president and the secretary of agriculture, and in order to make the act of the president appear legal the committee referred to at the beginning of this paragraph as the Board of Food and Drug Inspection was appointed. This committee has by law no right to exist. It was given authority by the president to make decisions over the Bureau of Chemistry, and the name ‘corn sirup’ was now legalized (apparently) when applied to glucose.

At the time that this great fraud was perpetrated the Bureau of Chemistry had, from extensive experiments on young men, come to the conclusion that the use of sulphur fumes in preserving and refining foods was injurious to the health. Thus the food manufacturers who used sulphur and other injurious chemicals combined with the Corn Products Company and had the president, by executive edict, repeal certain activities of the Bureau of Chemistry which determined whether or not in certain cases a food product was adulterated.

The Remsen Board of Consulting Scientific Experts (an illegal board) was appointed to investigate certain subjects anew, and during its period of activity all activities of the Bureau of Chemistry in control of certain food adulterants was forbidden—among them sulphur dioxide, benzoate of soda, sulphate of copper, saccharine and alum.

This illegal body, after several years of investigation (?), came to the conclusion (which they probably had at the beginning) that the use of sulphur fumes, benzoate of soda, and alum were entirely harmless. The reader may judge as to how far the welfare of the consumer has been neglected and the law overridden to satisfy the greed of selfish food trusts and the lust of public officials for gold.

The Corn Sugar Fraud Attempt

Not satisfied with the millions they have amassed since the corn sirup fraud the Corn Products Trust are now seeking to have the legislative branch of the United States government modify the provisions of the Pure Food Law that they may accumulate even more millions at the people’s expense.

Since 1926 and earlier they have been seeking to put through Congress an amendment to the Food and Drugs Act which would allow the use of corn sugar in other foodstuffs ’without this fact’s being made known on the label. Thus canned fruits in which cane or beet sugar is usually the sweetening agent would be sweetened with corn sugar (dextrose) and there would be nothing on the label to inform the consumer of the fact.

The new sugar would be used in canned milk and in preserves, jellies, etc., without the consumer’s being the wiser. Maple syrup and honey could be made to contain fifty percent or more of the new sugar without the consumer’s being-able to detect the adulteration, since there would be no label declaration.

In defense of this newest proposed fraud which the representatives of the people themselves are being requested to legalize it is claimed the corn growers of the United States would be immensely benefited. It is claimed that all the surplus of corn (or a large part of it) could be converted into sugar and consumed in place of cane sugar which is imported and that the raise in the price of corn would benefit the producer.

The Corn Growers Association was represented as favoring this legislation. It was found on investigation that this Association was composed of about twelve corn sugar people.

In 1928, when the second corn sugar bill was introduced in Congress, Dr. William R. Catheart, of the Com Products Refining Company, wrote a booklet which was represented on the title page as an address delivered by him at the meeting of the American Farm Bureau Federation in Chicago, December 7,1927. A letterhead of the Bureau was reproduced on the first inner cover page, and a letter, supposed to have been written by a high official of the Bureau, in which it was stated that the Bureau supported the corn sugar bill. But the records of the Bureau meeting referred to show that Dr. Cathcart was present but not permitted to deliver his address and that the Bureau refused to endorse the corn sugar bill.

In April, 1929, when the third corn sugar bill was introduced in Congress, it was heralded as a farm relief measure. The comments of sane thinkers on this proposed relief measure indicate that the relief claim is false. The Lincoln State Journal says, “For entertainment and whatever else it may be worth, this 'eat more corn’ movement is good enough, but as a remedy for agricultural depression it cannot seriously count. Whoever eats more of the corn farmer’s product must eat less of some other farm product.” The Milwaukee Journal states, “If everybody substitutes hominy for wheat cereals and corn bread for wheat bread, what is going to happen to the wheat farmers? You cannot more force canners to use corn sugar than you can compel the general public to ‘eat a corn sugar lollypop a day’.”

In 1928 Mr. Chester A. Gray, head of the legislative department of the American Farm Bureau Federation, was bitterly opposed to the corn sugar bill, but it nowT happens, in the year 1930, that Mr. Gray is supporting the bill. Though the Bureau has never endorsed the corn sugar legislation fraud it is represented as endorsing it by corn sugar representatives, and thus the American farmer is represented as willing to take business away from himself and turn it over to great food factories. Those interested in current developments will be interested to observe during this year whether or not the second great fraud with reference to a corn starch product is perpetrated and the health of the people further undermined.

Is the Pure Food Law a Benefit?

Since the passage of the corn sugar bill mentioned in the foregoing would mean the beginning of the downfall of the Pure Food Law, it might be well to inquire whether or not the law is beneficial to the people. Conditions existing before 1906 would indicate that it is beneficial.

Back in 1812 surgeon Mann recorded that flour rationed out to soldiers in northern New York was adulterated with plaster of Paris and produced diarrhea and other gastrointestinal affections. During the Civil War a contractor was arrested for selling an extract of coffee which was so adulterated as to seriously injure the health of the soldiers.

Records of samples of baking powder before 1906 show that they contained about 30 percent pulverized rock. Jams made from summer squash, white turnips and glucose sirup were sold which were made palatable with artificial extracts. There were fruit jellies made from animal jelly, glucose and artificial colors. Most jams were adulterated with cannery refuse, clover seeds, glucose and artificial flavors. Milk, in addition to having all the cream removed and its volume increased by water, was also adulterated with chalk and dirt. Butter was increased in volume by the addition of animal jelly. Maple syrup was made of ordinary syrup with a few ounces of hickory bark added and was difficult to distinguish in flavor from the genuine article.

These are only a few examples of adulterations which were practiced extensively before 1906. It is true that many other deceptions and adulterations have been practiced since the law of 1906 went into effect, but on the whole it has been of considerable protection to the general public.

Corn Sugar in the Future

It will be seen by observation as well as common experience that man has been able to do little to benefit his present condition, because of prevailing selfishness and the unseen power for evil, Satan. Now, under the increasing light of earth’s rightful Ruler, Christ, fraud and wrongdoing are being brought to light. We may be sure that, in time, under the reign of the Prince of Peace every article of food will be known by a name by which the consumer can distinguish its true source and properties.

If the “new corn sugar” continues to be regarded as a useful article of food everyone will know that it is manufactured from starch and will not confuse it with sugars from the juices of plants. There will be no deceptions under Christ’s rulership. No greedy conspiracies will

be permitted against the health of the people, health; for the prophet assures us, "They shall It will not be possible for people to unwittingly not hurt nor destroy in all my holy mountain purchase and consume foods injurious to the [kingdom].”—Isa. 11:9.

Just Missed Being a Billionaire

NOT many men have just missed!being a billionaire, but that is seemingly true of Q. A. Liebtag, retired telegrapher of Monongahela division of the Pennsylvania Railroad, if we may believe the Pennsylvania News, organ of the great system. The News says:

While working on the C. & P. division of the Pennsylvania Railroad in 1873, he, in conjunction with Trainmaster P. Brunner, constructed a crude instrument and attached it to the telegraph wire and held a conversation over a distance of two miles. At that time this feat -was not considered of any practical value. It was not until 1876 that Dr, Bell’s invention was announced to the world.

Of Interest to Flower Enthusiasts By Malcolm Rolls (California)

AFTER reading the article on flowers in

The Golden Age No. 282, it occurred to me that perhaps those who are flower enthusiasts ■would like to have seeds of some of our California wild flowers. We have a great number of very lovely flowers and I should be glad to send those who really would get pleasure from them a few seeds of our wild Penstemon, a beautiful deep purple, tubular bloom growing on large stalks three to five feet high. Others might also be gotten without much effort.

I know these would bring a great deal of happiness which perhaps those receiving might like to abundantly repay in the form of a few of their native floAver seeds. I would like to exchange with foreign countries, China or Africa, or where possible. No money; just a mutual exchange of happiness.

History of the Dahlia By E. H. Gloege (Wisconsin)

UNDER the title of "The Flower of the Field”, appearing in the July 9 issue of The Golden Age, on page 647, under the heading of “Dahlia”, I find the statement that the dahlia “was not introduced into Europe until 1879”. Possibly this is a typographical error, with the 7 and 8 reversed.

The dahlia was introduced from Mexico into Spain in 1789, and then into England. These plants were lost and the dahlia (named after the Swedish botanist Dahl) was reintroduced into Europe in 1804, this time into England, and from these plants and others introduced subsequent to 1815 the present British stock originated.

I do not know when it was introduced into Germany, but as early as 1826 it was grown there by my grandfather, Frederick Gloege, and as early as 1848 by my father, Herman L. Gloege. Grandfather grew the dahlia uninterruptedly for sixty-three years with nine previous years to add, or a total of seventy-two years. Both first grew it in Germany and later in the United States.

The family of Gloege has now grown the dahlia without an interruption for 104 years, thirty-four in Germany and seventy here. The bulletin of “The American Dahlia Society” for April, 1926, (Series VII, No. 36, p. 34) gave this story, more elaborated: A challenge for a longer record, after more than four years, remains unanswered,

I do not know if a correction in The Golden, Age would be of much consequence, but I am giving you this bit of information to correct the statement as given. Should you consider it worth -while you are at liberty to use as much or as little of this letter of correction as you see fit.

I enjoy The Golden Age for the information it contains, information that is brief and to the point and not found in any other publication. I know of. In that respect it seems to be in a class by itself.

Doodle Bug Operation By H. 'A. Scott (California')

DOODLE Bug Operation is the means used by science to answer commercialism’s question: Where did the Creator bury His oil sands? The Hmde used to designate the operation came from the tiny craters excavated by the larvae of the winged ant lion. This larvae and his immature craters in the loose sand are universally known to the childhood of the southwest as doodle bugs.

Who has not seen children armed with a cigar box with a little sand investigating crater after crater hunting for the interesting little chap who has the power to throw out the sand, comparatively equal to a man with a steam shovel?

The object of Mr. and Mrs. Winged Ant Lion’s baby is to make a pitfail to catch some unwary little ant. And if any ant ventures to look over the brink of one of these little pitfalls, he is apt to feel the sand slipping under his feet and to start on a downward course that is sure to end in his destruction; for baby winged ant lion awaits him at the apex of his little inverted cone-shaped excavation.

Both the small excavations and the “shell” hole blown out by the dynamite charge are sim-. ilar to craters of the doodle bug. The trucks used by the scientists have a strange resemblance to giant beetles of the tumblebug type as they wind their way through sagebrush of the trackless desert.

The theory upon which doodle bug operations are based may be readily understood by the example of the drum. A stroke on the head of the drum; stroke two will result in vibrations far different from those resulting from a stroke on the edge of the drum; stroke one again; if a golf ball be dropped on a pavement, the concussion will be greater, but the rebound will be far greater in the case of the rubber ball. If a number of dynamite strokes be given the great earth oil drum, simultaneously the vibrations resulting would be much like those observed when shaking a run, provided the stroke is given the head of the oil drum.

Possibly if the stroke was given on solid ground near the edge of oil sand the reverse would be true. In that case the vibrations would be short and fast but would lengthen relatively to the distance from the solid until they would subside into great swells like the ripples resulting from a stone dropped into the water.

More than a Chinese puzzle to most people is the proven fact that the earth crust moves like the swells in the ocean, but examples of the great oil drums filled with plastic oil sand will help to comprehend this phenomenon.

Earth oil drums are sometimes ten miles long, and often several miles wide and as much as 200 feet in thickness. A map of a series of these oil pools in California, known as the Taft and Colinga oil fields, resembles the map of our great lakes on the Canadian border; and they extend from southeast to northwest for more than a hundred iiiiles.

The scientists carrying on these operations mind their own business and say little. They have no evidence of their work except little holes about the size of the crown of your hat, and occasionally a series of shell holes about eight or ten feet across. The small holes are marked by small white flags backed to lath. These, together with section corners marked with higher white and red flags, make one think some surveying party has been by. The little flags are seen here and there, sometimes on top of a hill, sometimes dotting desert slopes that extend far out from the foothills into the lowlands.

The doodle bug operations are very extensive and cover many hundreds of square miles. A big foreign company recently purchased 6,000 acres near McKittrick, Calif., on the strength of these operations.

The equipment used is interesting. Four types of truck and cars are used: a touring car, a truck and delivery body, a dandy little boring machine mounted on the rear of a small truck, and a truck carrying reels of cable used in detonating the charges of dynamite.

The discovery of oil by experimental methods is very expensive and not always successful, and frequently not profitable. A rig (the name given to an oil derrick) and equipment cost from $60,000 to $100,000. Forty thousand feet of lumber is used in a derrick. For safety, they use from three to five big steam boilers to furnish power for the drilling operations. Fishing in a 3,000-foot well is a very expensive operation. Frequently a string of tools breaks away, and in one case tvco years have been spent in fishing without results.

Sometimes a crooked hole gives much trouble; 500 feet from the perpendicular is the greatest variation recorded. At one well at Young Beach, Calif., the hole came out in another well. With

the expensive difficulties to face, it is better to know your oil and drill afterwards; and science answers your inquiries.

What a day of rejoicing when earth’s millions may have the benefit of all of God’s heritage to men and all the accumulated knowledge of past ages will be available for their use! No hidden thing, no lost art, no inefficiency, no possibility of failure, no accidental mishap.

“Stuff and nonsense!” you say! Not a bit of it.

We are soon to see perfect men on earth: perfect bodies crowned with perfect minds; any less would not be perfect. Imperfect work results from imperfect workmen. The new Ruler of earth is a Master; He has never had a failure and never made a mistake; nor will those perfect ones who are the workmanship of His hands. The wonders of the coming age will open to them, and in turn they will give freely and man will rejoice in the benefits.

Our Insane Medium of Exchange

T NOTE the items “Holding Companies Will A Dominate Railroads” and “General Electric Stock Splitting”. Such actions are made possible by the fact that how long one person is to work for another is determined on some other basis than that of hour-for-hour exchange of human work. And the fact that prices are so fixed that some are forced to work for others longer than others work in return, produces an incentive on the part of those in a position to get worked for without working in return, to

By Miss Vaughn Brokaw (Arizona)

get just as great a duration of work from others as possible without themselves having to work for anyone. The wrong method of transferringhuman work produces incentives -which cause humans to act in a manner injurious in one way or another both to others and to themselves. Not until they get a clear concept of equal freedom for sane adult human creatures, and what it must involve, will the people be able to end the economic and financial evils of today.

Poltergeist in Southern France

AN ITEM in the Philadelphia Record gives details of a case of “Poltergeist” at Roclie-piquee in southern France. “Poltergeist” is the work of demons, a positive proof of their existence. The report shows that the local authorities know something of the phenomena, but nothing as to their cause. The most interesting paragraphs of the story follow:

The phenomena consist in face-slapping by invisible hands. Any man or woman who ventures to approach the cottage of Jean Rozier receives a stinging-slap in the face without seeing his aggressor.

The impartiality and thoroughness of the invisible slapper have filled even the veteran gendarmes with superstitious terror. Police commissaries, professors, hundreds of curious and skeptical visitors, including newspaper men, have all had a biff in the face.

In addition there has been an equally baffling rain of stones on the humble little dwelling. There are constant nocturnal noises in the garret which shake the place like the roll of thunder. Furniture is upset, doors are slammed, beds unmade, and two of the watch dogs have been mysteriously killed.

The most puzzling, and at the same time most cruel peculiarity of the manifestations, is the fact that the peasant’s little children often wake up with screams of alarm and are found to have their faces bleeding as if they have been scratched.

The savants, after a thorough investigation, declare that it is the most baffling and sensational case of so-called “poltergeist” that has come to their attention for many years. Such occurrences, Professor Bidet, of Paris, said, are by no means infrequent in rural regions, but he admitted never having witnessed any case of similar violence and duration.

“We know,” he said, “that the phenomena have to do with Rozier’s 13-year-old daughter. This our investigation has established definitely.

“It’s often a young girl who is the center and perhaps the cause of such baffling occurrences.

“There is no doubt of the invisible slapping. I have received a stinging whack myself, and I know this won’t happen if the girl is absent from the house.

“But who performs the humiliating trick, and how it is done, remains a mystery in this case, as in all the hundreds of similar cases in rural France that have come to my attention.”

Massachusetts Doctors to Assist God

FEELING that babies, as they are made by the Creator, are not really fit to enter upon the privileges of this life until after the medical profession have adequately poisoned their blood with vaccine pus, George H. Bigelow, state public health commissioner of Massachusetts, is introducing a bill in the Massachusetts legislature that would require vaccination of all infants before the end of the first year and revaccination early in their school life. Mr. Bigelow says: “This is the solution of smallpox, rather than vaccination clinics after disease has sickened many, closed schools and disrupted the economic life of the community.”

\V. B. Fowler, of that state, the proud father of some bright children, is very enthusiastic about the Bigelow plan, and breaks forth into eloquence in the following manner:

Dr. Bigelow’s concern for the welfare of the people is so great that really it is most touching. Most touching’ 1! In fact one can almost see him pacing back and forth in his office wringing his hands and weeping great (crocodile) tears because of the “disrupted economic life of the community”, due solely to the fact that so many careless people have not been vaccinated for thirty years or more.

In order that business (for the doctors) 'might not be interrupted it is now proposed to vaccinate all infants before they reach the age of one year. Then to be doubly assured that business (for the medics) will be maintained on a sound basis it is proposed to repeat the performance “early in their school life”.

Shades of Pharaoh I! Must the slaughter of the innocents be repeated? It surely will be if this unscrupulous hound has his way, and since Massachusetts is the cradle of liberty (for the medical profession) it looks as though Dr. Bigelow and his gang of medical thugs would carry the day with flying colors. The lamentation and bitter weeping of Rachel in Ramah centuries ago will be duplicated in Massachusetts a thousand fold when the legislators on Beacon Hill put this piece of legislation on the statute books.

Oh, for ten thousand Albert W. Peacocks in this state who with the courage of their convictions will ■ go to prison if need be in order to arouse the people of this commonwealth to the awfulness of the calamity that will surely fall upon them, not because of smallpox epidemics, but because of the insane desire of the medical doctors to force their ideas upon the people for no other reason except that the business life of the community “must not be interrupted”.

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