Golden Age, July 27, 1927

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Jl.il

THE MOTHER

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GOOD AND BAD

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Vol. VHI Bi-Weekly No. 205 July 27, 1927

OLD WRLD DYING

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a Journal of fact

«*

hope awl courage

NEV vorlb BEGINNING

Contents of the Golden Age

Social and Educational

At Home akd Abroad ................. 675

Who Arc Teaching the Boys and Girl1'? .......... 678

Advertising, Good and Bad ............... 662

Finance—Commerce—Transportation

Ittms ou the : Flood 1’iold'i. .......... 675

Construction Work on New Bridges ........... 676

No Jew Among Richest Ten .............. 677

Linens Slay Become Cheaper....... 680

The “Watch Tower” Model Power Flint ......... C87

Political—Domestic and Foreign

Will Deport Alien Undesirables ............. C75

What the Filibu-rer Accomplished ............ 675

Bulletins from Greenland’s ley Mo-’.Wm. = ......... 677

Items Kignrding M«ao and Ni.\>-T.,iA .........»‘7b

Britain, and India..................Gbv

Items on Progress in Soviet Riusia ...........

Young China Demands a Square Deal ............ CAI

The Sh.likf.ss of Sumita" Peiisecutio.ns .......... C'.G

! She'cr; About Insu'riiT Father ............ Tol

Agriculture and Husbandry Those Fatherless Chicks .......... Plenty of Room for All .......... EvcLange of Ideas on Agricultme ...... Argentina’s Surplus Beef .........

G7G

«1S6

07<S 078 FAS CAS

C,'*» 7< d 703

Home and Health

S< hoot. Lunch Tasties ........

Religion and Pihloscehy

Clashes with Apostles .......... Proving upon the Helpless ....... Demons Commit a Murder ....... Organized Oppression .......... The Motiikb of Thousands ot Uiijioa^ . . . Bible Questions and Answi i:s ....... A Tiny Boat and Its I’lfuioi s P'.ho .... Little Studies for Lrrnr, I’eopie .....

Published every other Wednesday at UM Adim- Smei 11 ookhn. N. Y., 1 . 8. A by ' WOODWORTH, HL'DGINGS & M-lIilLN ’

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Entered S3 second-class matter at Brooklyn. N. Y.. under ths Art of March 3. 1879

"Golden Age

Volume VIII Brooklyn, N. Y„ Wednesday, July 27, 1927 Number 205

At Home and Abroad

[Radiocast from Station WBBR on a wave length of 256.3 meters by the Editor.]

Not Paid by America

IT SEEMS that the American aviator who has been engaged in bombing Nicaraguan cities is not in the employ of Uuele Sam but in the employ of the Nicaraguan government, or that portion of it which has Uncle Sam’s backing. This is not much of a difference, but it is some, and we wish to convey no false impressions. But bombing women and children is a poor way for any real man to make a living. Such an American must be hard up for a job. Uncle Sam should use his moral influence to stop him.

What the Filibuster Accomplished

WHEN the three master politicians in the

United States Senate performed their filibuster stunt they caused the suspension of operation of the Federal courts for lack of funds; they prevented a half million World War veterans from getting their pensions for two months; they virtually forced a reduction of one-fourth in the size of the United States Army, and they stopped the government’s building operations all over the country. All this was so that William Vare, of Pennsylvania, could be seated in the Senate without having his ballot boxes opened and the stupendous slush fund a rich elected him duly investigated. Such is f r. edom.

WhU-i and Deepen the Channel

IT IS for the engineers to decide what means, if any, can be used to control the Mississippi; but in view of the fact that in flood time the river must carry twice as much water as at other times, it seems to us that widening and deepening the channel would help somewhat. It is said truly that the unused portion of the channel would silt up; and so it would, and it would be expensive to keep the silt removed; but it could be done at an expense considerably less than that caused by the great flood of 1927. Levees . are necessary, too. But most of all, America needs a graduated rainfall; and it looks as if the Lord alone could provide that, and we feel fullest confidence that He ■will do so ere long.

Will Deport Alien Undesirables

IT IS understood that the government will undertake the deportation from the country of the 111,673 aliens who are now in American jails, insane asylums, hospitals, poor houses and charitable institutions. The records of the Department of Labor show that 46,936 of these are to be found in New York City alone.

Mississippi Valley Hit Hard

IT IS enough for one district to have a flood eighty miles wide in its widest part without having added to this a torrential downpour, biting cold winds, and on top of all that an earthquake; but in the Mississippi Valley they have had all these at one time. We should imagine that those who repeat over and over that ‘all is good and there is no evil’ would have a hard time explaining this situation to themselves, if they live in the affected districts. No one can deny that the flood is an evil, and that the other calamities are evils, too. But the time will come when all evils shall pass away. That will be through the power of the Lord’s kingdom.

The Warner Proposal

TN THE New York Times James Harold War-■»" ner proposes, as a permanent solution of the lower Mississippi flood problem, that the Arkansas, White, Ouachita, Red and Atchafalaya rivers be interconnected, and that in flood seasons all their waters be carried to the Gulf of Mexico by a new channel, which would be a mile wide and would follow natural channels three-fourths of the way. This seems like a very interesting and sensible suggestion. One thing is certain, and that is that the Mississippi cannot be hemmed in as now and carry the flood waters of forty states. A glance at the drainage map makes one wonder that such floods do not occur every year.

New Baeen Has Little Sentiment

NEW HAVEN has little sentiment. In the widening of one of the streets it has caused a fine sycamore known to be 227 years old, and supposed to be fully 2G9 years old, to be cut down. When the tree was destroyed it was in perfect health and had been the center of an item of considerable-historic interest since 1779, when it stopped a volley of bullets from British guns. Perhaps it is .just a> well to let the tree go and look to the future instead of the past, but it does seem a little regrettable that no other way of routing traffic vras possible and that the tree had to go.

Ae Widening of Allen Street

THROUGH the heart of the lower East Side of New York one of the darkest and dingiest of streets is being widened into a grand boulevard 138 feet wide. This will be accomplished by taking down an entire row of sixty-four old style tenement houses, and probably is only one of several changes of this nature that will take place in Nev7 York in the near future, to accommodate the ever increasing traffic and do away witli unsightly and unsanitary homes.

Thirty-Two Yards at a Bite

WHAT would our ancestors think of a great dredge such as now is being used to scoop out a place for one of the piers of the New Hudson River Bridge? At each bite it lifts enough earth to fill thirty-two of the oldtime wagons used for hauling away dirt and gravel. This dredge is the largest in the world. It is expected that it will take a year to put in the foundation for the pier.

The Grand Canyon Bridge

THE Grand Canyon Bridge, now being constructed near Lee’s Ferry, in Northern Arizona, will be 800 feet in length, with a clear span of 616 feet. With the exception of a small footbridge near El Tovar it will be the only bridge spanning the Grand Canyon. Its floor will be 465 feet above the mean stream level, or 110 feet higher than its nearest competitor, located in Oregon.

Looking After Gas Connections

WITH a view of cutting down the 500 deaths that occur annually in New York City due to defects in gas connections, the Department of Health has inaugurated some new regulations especially as respects gas tubing, which it is hoped will prevent much of this appalling loss of life. '

A Wise Parrot

SOMEBODY stole a Scranton woman’s pet parrot. She made the rounds of the bird stores, looking for him. As she came into one store the bird called out, “Hello, Mamma with the result that the bird was recovered and the thief traced and arrested.

Those Fatherless Chickens

SOME more of those Sunday Supplement scientists now arise and tell us that by means of ultra violet rays they have manufactured a chicken that never had a papa. It is to laugh. All they had to start with was an egg, and that is all any chicken ever had to start with. Any farmer could have told these city rubes that hen’s eggs do not always have to be fertilized to hatch. A queen bee is never mated but once, and yet she lays fertile eggs ail her Life. These as-it-were scientists go on to say that some day they may be able to discover a formula for making a synthetic human being. Well I The most they can ever hope to do is to make a synthetic ‘Sunday Supplement scientist’; and that is as far from a real man, made in'the image of his Creator, and reverencing and adoring the Giver of every good and perfect gift, as it is possible to ever make with an ultra violet ray.

The Value of the Farmer

THE Union Record, of Seattle, calls attention to the fact, that the income of the average farmer is about $800; the average wage earner gets twice as much; the doctors and professors four times as much; the lawyer five times as much; the bootlegger ten times as much; the

congressman twelve and one-half times as much, and the cabinet officer fifteen times as much. Babe Ruth, the ball player, gets about ninety times as much.

Origin of the Bowery

THE Bowery, once the center of New York’s poverty, cheap liquor and cheap shows, but now a fairly good street, lined with business houses on both sides and an endless line of racing automobiles in the center, got its name from Peter Stuyvesant’s farm, through which the street at one time passed and to which it was the entrance. The Holland Dutch name for farm is bouwerie. Peter Stuyvesant was the last of the Dutch governors of New Amsterdam, or New York as it is now called. The Bowery is still a recognized center for the unemployed and homeless.

Plenty of Room for All

THE German professor now searing Americans by telling them that in three hundred years people will be born into the world only to be starved to death because the soil cannot support them all, ought to visit the little Dietrich farm of fifteen acres just outside Philadelphia where a man that knows how raises three crops each year and clears over $2,100 from his land, besides maintaining himself and family from what he grows on it. There is plenty of room.

No Jew Among Richest Ten

THE New York American calls attention to the fact that in the recently published list of America’s ten richest men there were no Jews among the number, and this despite the fact that New York City is at one and the same time the center of American wealth and the greatest, Jewish city in the world. This shows plainly, as the American points out, that the Jews are bent on something higher than the mere making of money. Many of the greatest benefactions of humanity are supported by them.

No Canals on Mars

SEVENTEEN hundred photographs of Mars carefully studied for several years, and spectographic observations of the markings on its surface, have disclosed to the satisfaction of California scientists that what were supposed to be canals on Mars’ surface are certainly vegetation, even the color of which has been determined. The Martian atmosphere is fifty-two miles in depth as compared with a depth on the earth of sixty-eight miles. But why the vegetation should appear in such straight lines, like a canal system, is still a problem that has not been fully solved.

A Strange Sight in the Heavens

K T YUBA CITY, Arizona, in the latter part of last April, clouds heavily charged with ice crystals caused the appearance of four suns in the sky at once; the real sun being in the foreground and the three mock suns displaying increasing vividness of color, in all the tints of the rainbow, and the whole wonderful display being backed by an inverted halo almost equally brilliant, stretching its upturned points far to the north and south. Astronomers have records of somewhat similar displays in 1630, 1661 and 1794.

Exchange of Ideas on Agriculture

IMFAN’S real business is the cultivation of the 1VX earth. The cities and all other things are incidental to it. Hence it is of interest to know that this year large delegations of American farmers are planning extensive tours of all the most successful European agricultural countries to see with their own eyes what is being done to keep soil and crops and herds shipshape and at the same time market products efficiently. Moreover, some European agriculturists are coming to Amercia this season for the same purpose. All this is very encouraging.

Bulletins from Greenland’s Icy Mountains

THE University of Michigan, in cooperation with the United States Government, is sending to Greenland an expedition the objective of which is to broadcast storm warnings from the mountain tops in the center of one of the two refrigerators of the earth. The other refrigerator is the Antarctic continent. Here the hot winds from the equator are chilled by coming in contact with the snow and ice deposited in Noah’s day and not yet thawed out. They become cold and sweep down off the frigid mountain tops, in the icy blasts that make the weather of the North Atlantic and off Cape Horn so treacherous and often so stormy.

A Clash with the Apostle Paul

TN A sermon reported in the New York Times -®- a prominent Protestant Episcopal clergyman of New York City is quoted as having said, “I do not believe for one second that Jesus came into the voild to die.” Well! Paul said, “We see Je.'-us, vlio was made a little lower than the awcK for the suffeiing of death, crowned with glory and honour. that he by the grace of Ged shock! ta.te death for every man.” (Hebrews 2: ’J) And then again Paul said of Jesus that Co “gave himself a ransom ioi all, to be toNificd In due lim (1 Timothy 2:6) And tl or again Paul su’d, “I delivered unto you first of ail that vlrch 1 abo received, how that Christ (I rd for our sins aiconlmg to th*1 seiipturos.'' (1 Corin'l mas la : 3) But vhy t?o Lwth w ' The v hole plan of salvation sving> ou tbn single pie of of Jesus Christ in the rin-om price for im?.i. The Bible is full of A. hut tins doiwnie s-'gs that he does not believe it for a second PsQojIon is fallen! Fondvlier. Her ministeis noy do not oven know the very foundations of the C'biLtian icli-uon. Of vhui use are they.’ As aids to Christianitv ther are like grindstone^ lied to the necks of channel swimmers.

A Clash with the Apostle John

ALONG conies another prominent Episcopalian clergyman, aEo of New York, and lie is quoted in the New York Times as telling Ills tiustnig flock that ho does not Irdiove that Christ raised Lrwarus from the dead, but that instead Ue iwfi cured him of epilepsy. Oh, veil! Whai’s the use? The Apostle John said that Josv i spake of Lazarus’ death,. Mai Ilia said that h“ was so dead that v hen \ ou went near liiiu you had to hold your nose. And Jesus Himself said unto His disciples plainly, “Lazarus is dead.” But what are all these witnesses of Holy Writ compared with the wisdom of those who make their living by preaching' and “explaining” the Bible today? Verilv, the v,orld would bo far better off if these present-day preachers, who are really infidels at heart, would all get jobs as coal heavers or garbage collectors and thus be some use to humanity.

Preying Upon the Helpless

ONLY ten days apart a court in Wisconsin gave a Methodist clergyman a deserved trinuniug for preying upon the mind of a dying man to get the bulk of his money for a Methodist Hospital and in Connecticut another court trimmed a Catholic priest for doing the same thing to a poor old dying Irishman. Chureh-ianity is a business, but Christianity is not; and frequently, and usually, there is no connection or relation between the two. Often the one is the exact opposite of the other.

By Their Fruits Ye Shall Knew Them

CALLING attention to the fact that Cardinal

OWnHL epposit'ou to Te Clfibl Labor Amendment killed it in both Massachusetts and N“w Yo’k State, because he had his opposition rcc’d 'u every church un'I»r his control. The New JFpiAhe tmrp'rately and widely remai’w:

li« p->atli as CJbolic- ai pciuhaily expo ■■■ <1 m ’heir ]<.L1 r J hdenwil io an g .1 iJe oman. zati<m vhuli is <>( ■ -ten•< (1 to px ak v ith aiithoi ,1, a> d to bo be? . v -h 'ii'i" - ion b il member*. tlie.r <til< «ur< to the ‘ a 11 In ( omch v not uulimiit to An । i - vis a - m> ; he f . 1 ean< ul.it*

M? Tre Teaching the Boys and Girls?

TN he report on the verix of the American Asso-A ernhon for the Advcncement ot Atheism., FVemeu Hopwood, Secretary of the Association, in pait:

The- bcautv of it w, vc bme -o many ath°i*t* in the eolW'e faculties in Anma But cf eoui=e the- tar't '•av much about it, ins t1 ei voulil be thrown out; and then vhere would their Ining come fioni? But they enu uu’uo ih? «tii<knt‘-. all th<y can. A? the ivownwiit giov.s the piolessoi* will become moie and moie open in ih'ii pi.tate belief-..

Digging up London rdephanls

npWO huge tusks five feet in length and a foot in diameter have recently been dug up in the city of London. They were found eight feet beneath the surface, vhere perhaps some elephant was mired at the time of the flood.

Titles io Mexican Oil Property

Cableton Beals, in The New Republic, says of American titles to Mexican oil pioper-ties:

Many of the title? to property which ve have been asked to protect, with our money and the lives of our soldiers, are not merely faulty, but weie originally obtained, according to Ameileans emploied in the oil fields, by falsification of records, fraud, bribery, and even murder. Legitimate children have been set down in legal records as bastards, hazards have been made legitimate, minors have been kidnapped, widows have been tricked, public records have been destroyed. The story of the seizure of the black gold of .Mexico is one of Borgian violence. Nothing is more needed, in order to establish American capital investments in Mexico upon a legitimate and honorable basis, and to promote sound international relations, than an adequate investigation of this whole matter; nothing else would serve to clear up the dark pages of secret diplomacy and remove the menace of future intervention.

As to Embargoes on Arms

OME years ago the United States Government suddenly learned that it was unwise to allow would-be Mexican revolutionists to import arms from the United States, as it tended to keep Mexico always in an uproar. Even a child might have known as much. But it seems that the reasons that keep arms out of Mexico are not used farther south. On March 7 th, 1927, the steamship “Ecuador” of the Panama Mail Line, fourteen days out of Los Angeles, landed at the port of Corinto, Nicaragua, 3,000 Krag rifles, 200 Browning machine guns and 3,000,000 rounds of ammunition, and since then the Diaz party, favored by the Roman Catholic Church, and the American business interests, and the United States Government, began to get along much better in its war on the Sacasa or Liberal Government. At least fifteen hundred human beings have been killed on each side in the Nicaraguan war, and thousands injured.

Minister Wants Fair Play for Nicaraguans

grace G. Knowles, former American Minister to Nicaragua, in a letter in the New

York Times says:

Without the discreditable assistance our government is giving Diaz he would not be able to carry on his fight against his countrymen and continue his resistance against the will and majority of his people forty-eight hours. His house-of-cards government would collapse within a few hours if Washington would announce that it would play fair and truthfully with the American people and no longer give him its support of either a moral or a material kind.

The Seligman Control of Nicaragua

EFERRING to the control of Nicaragua by the firm of J. Seligman & Co., New York bankers, by and through the State Department of the United States Government, a writer from Nicaragua says in the Dearborn Independent:

Not one word of pertinent truth will the American press publish when coming from American sources on the scene of action, but volumes of futile piffle are being published emanating from extraneous sources or from interests to whose advantage it is to hide the truth.

Since the foregoing was written there have been earnest efforts made for peace in Nicaragua, such as might be acceptable to all contestants; but the United States is sending more marines and more planes, and has determined to keep Diaz in office and to disarm the Liberals anyway, if they do not voluntarily come into accord.

Argentina's Surplus Beef

IN A session of the Pan-American commercial conference the representative from Argentina said plainly that Argentina has overloaded the British market with beef until there is now no profit in it for anybody. His thought was that the United States should let down the bars and let in the Argentine beef, on the ground that only five percent of American farmers would suffer from it. But the point of the matter is that those five percent do not wish to do any suffering on behalf of the farmers of the Argentine; and the other ninety-five would probably suffer also in the prices they get for their products, which they think even now are not large enough for them to live on. It is a natural enough wish on the part of all the nations of the earth that they would like to have Uncle Sam divide his prosperity with them, and they may sometime conclude to get together and try to take it, anyway. Who knows?

More Effective

CHRISTIANITY, as practised by Great Britain and America, seems to be 100% more effective than heathendom. Thus, in some unknown way, one Briton, one American and three Japanese "were killed when the Chinese Southern Army entered Nanking. Forthwith, in response to the signals of American marines, the war vessels of the two “Christian” nations opened fire upon the unarmed citizens of Nanking, with the result that one hundred unoffending Chinese were slain for every foreigner killed. Nearly eight million Bibles were sold to the Chinese during 1926. If the Chinese study these Bibles diligently they will get to be less like the great powers that shelled them, each day that they live.

Separating Text from. Context

SEPARATING text from context, and taking advantage of the unfortunate omission of three words which had been included in the original draft, the British Government has taken the extraordinary step of sending to the United States Government and issuing to the world at large a diplomatic paper criticizing a personal letter sent by the American Secretary of the Treasury to the President of Princeton University. The British Government probably feels that the time has now come for it to throw off its diplomatic cloak, show its teeth and, in the usual Tory style, demand the earth with a fence around it, marked “Keep Off’. To every unbiased mind Secretary Mellon has established the fact that, taking into consideration all payments on account of war debts and war indemnities, all the principal debtors of the United States are receiving or will receive more than they are paying the United States. This impression, the true one, the British Government does not wish to hgve generally made known.

Deflation in Italy

WITH a view to stimulating trade with the outside world the Mussolini government has ordered a ten percent reduction of wages all over Italy, and a ten percent reduction in the prices of most articles sold in the stores. On certain commodities the reduction ordered is as high as fifty percent.

Britain’s Rule of India

INSTEAD of building up India to a place where it would be a first-class market for British goods, the Tory policy has been to rob it of the last nickel, with the result that since the year 1881 the average length of life in that country has come down from 30.75 years to 23.5. Tn the United States, in the same time, the length of life has risen from about 33 years to about 57 years. India’s might have risen, too, but for the mistaken policy of exploitation, which seems to be the beginning and ending of Tory statesmanship.

Britain Badly Crowded

BRITAIN has 37 j million population, or 649 to the square mile on the average, a density now claimed to exceed that of any other country. Eighty percent of the population are in the cities. The World War has left Britain with a surplus of 1,700,000 women, for whom, in the natural order of things, no home and family ofi their own will ever be possible. There are "still in Wales 150,000 persons who speak only Welsh, hut it is a dying language. Nearly fifty percent' of the Welsh people now speak only the English language.

Forty Miles Transport for Four Cents

HpIIE Manchester Guatdian contains two items

from the pen of Archdeacon Owen which show the slavery of natives in Kenya Colony, a British-African possession. Under illegal orders from the local governor, in one of these instances, the natives were compelled to carry loads ranging in weight from fifty pounds for children, up to 200 pounds for adults, distances of forty-two to fifty miles, for a nominal compensation amounting to to 4 cents. The poor natives were obliged to provide their on n food and to travel back to the point of origin all for this beggarly reward. In one of these instances, in which 471 men, women and children wore impressed into service, many of the women were expectant mothers. This kind of government is what is popularly known as the white man’s burden. That is the way Kipling describes it.

Linens May Become Cheaper

T 1NENS may become cheaper as a result of the development in northern Ireland of what is known as super-flaxseed. It is claimed that 11m new seed produces tow of twice the length usually obtained, and that the new flax is free from sticky substances and more readily amenable to working by machinery than the old varieties. Extensive experiments are under way which are expected to fully confirm the new discoveries. Linens may become much cheaper.

Worth no Longer Head Dressmaker

IA FORTH used to be considered the world’s * ® head dressmaker, but he is now gradually losing his title since “His Holiness” the Pope has taken over this branch of woman’s attire. The papers tell us that no one can appear at Spanish high mass unless dressed in the uniform which the Pope thinks is O. K. The first of these uniforms will be made at Paris, but afterwards it will be copied in Spain. It takes lots of nerve to tell the women how to 8ress. Most of us have to admit that we haven't the knowledge even if we had the nerve; and anyway, it wouldn’t do us any good if we had.

Demons Commit a Murder

DEMONS often commit murder by urging human beings to do it. This is the correct explanation of the ease now interesting New York courts in which a poor foreign woman testifies that she murdered her babies, or at least murdered one and tried to murder the other, by poison, at the command of strange voices which she heard in her ear. Those voices are the same that the Kaiser Wilhelm heard urging him on before and during the World War. They are not human voices, nor voices of those who have ever been humans, but are the voices of fallen spirit beings, fallen angels, demons, devils.

Pain of Death for Heretics

UNDER this title, at Turin, Italy, on January7 23rd, 1927, the Jesuit Father Oldra, clergyman of the dim ch which never changes, never learns and never forgives, gave a good old-fashioned Catholic sermon, urging upon his hearers their right and duty to exterminate heretics, and urging also that they be forward in getting the state to do for them what they cannot legally do for themselves. There would be nothing to prevent the good Father Oldra from coming to America and preaching this same good old Catholic doctrine to Italians here.

New Island in Caspian Sea

A VOLCANIC eruption in the Caspian Sea has brought a new island into being. The initial explosion threw columns of fire and lava three hundred and fifty feet into the air. It is thought that this explosion may have been induced by the v ithdrawal of part of the immense oil deposits which underly the "vicinity and find their outlet at Baku.

Russia Second in Oil

THE Soviet Government announces that during the year 1926 Russia stood next to the United States in the production of oil, having produced even more than Mexico. The Russian production is now something over ten percent more than it was before the World War. The principal customers are French, British, American and Belgian.

Soviet Evens Things Up

BECAUSE the United States refused to permit the Soviet woman ambassador to Mexico to pass through this country on her way to her post, Russia has retaliated by refusing permission to Rear Admiral Bristol of the United States Navy to pass through Russia on his way to China. But the Soviet did let Mrs. Bristol go overland through their dominions. They were not willing to discriminate against a woman.

The Soviet System Suits Russia

THE Manchester Guardian, one of the highest class conservative truth-loving journals in the world, says of the Soviet system of government, “Simplified and made truly democratic, it probably suits Russia, and would function there better than any other yet contrived. It is not incompatible with monarchy, even wfith constitutional monarchy.” The Guardian expresses the opinion that in the near future, though Russia will hold aloof from the League of Nations, yet it will cooperate cheerfully with the League in some of the world’s problems.

Items of Russian Progress

DURING the year 1926 Russia increased her railway mileage by 856 miles. In the same year savings banks tripled their deposits. No unsecured money has been issued in Russia for the past three years. The Soviet is moving as rapidly as possible toward a government-owned super-power development. Their chief consulting engineer is Colonel Hugh L. Cooper, builder of the Muscle Shoals plant, which the privately-owned power combine of America does not wish to have operated in the interests of the people.

English as Viewed by Chinese

A CHINESE writing from London to a friend in Shanghai sums up his view of Anglo-Saxons as follows:

You cannot civilize these foreign devils. They will live for weeks and months without touching a mouthful of rice, but they eat the flesh of bullocks and .goats in enormous quantities. That is why they smell like sheep themselves. Every day thejr take a bath to rid themselves of their disagreeable odors, but they do not succeed. Nor do they eat the meat cooked, in small pieces; it is carried into the room in large chunks, often half raw, and they cut, slash and tear it apart.

Advertising, Good and Bad By ’J. TF. Reimer

A BIG, fat worm is spied by Mother Hen.

“Cluck! CluckCluck!” she cries. Tiie little chicks hear the commotion and instinctively rush to the spot. It means that there is something to eat. This is the way Mother Hen makes known to her babies the presence of the big, fat worm.

Mrs. Black Bear slouches through the woods, sniffing here and there for some familiar smell. She is alert for a few dainty berries or some other pleasing morsel. She stops at a large tree, which has the bark worn somewhat smooth. Up on her haunches she rises and rubs the tree with her back, head erect, as high as possible.

Mr. Grizzly Bear is occupied with the last sticky sweetness of honey, which is rapidly vanishing from the dripping paw, as the tongue hungrily licks, licks, licks. He rambles through the leaves and underbrush sniffing here and there for more—honey, berries, or anything that can be eaten by a bear. He stops by a big tree with polished hark. He smells that something he ha« smelt before. It is on the tree. Another bear has chanced along this way and it is not so large as he. He pricks up his ears and cautiously glances around; for the scent is fresh. Where is she? The advertisement of Mrs. Black Bear is read and understood by Mr. Grizzly Bear. Grizzly is aroused to notion by the information thus obtained.

Advertising is not necessarily a glaring row of signs, a newspaper filled with display ads, or the circular letter the mail man delivers, announcing to the housewife the bargains of Smith & Co. Advertising is the making known of anything, through any medium or channel available. It may be the smoke ascending from the campfire of Indians, telling keen eyes on a distant hill the presence of friend or enemy. It may be the Bandittore of the Sardinian town of Tortoli, announcing between the blasts of his little horn the fact that fine watermelons can be bought at the first house south of the church. It may be the stars of heaven advertising to the beings on earth concerning the power, wisdom and might of an intelligent Creator, as the Psalmist David says: “The heavens declare the glory of God: and the firmament showeth his handiwork.”

With the scientific study of the action of chemicals and electricity, and the study of transportation, power, machinery, etc., has come the scientific study of advertising. The recording of results, their study by many minds, and improvements made here and there upon these results is the way much of the “modern knowledge” has been obtained. Occasionally there is originality, but not often. Daniel said, over two thousand years ago, that in the time of the end of this age ‘knowledge wmuld be increased, and many would run to and fro5. Man is studying man, and the operation of the mind is “under fire” along with the thousands of other things.

The brain is extremely sensitive and is affected by everything conscious to the senses. The climate, seasons, associates, environment and health influence its action. The things we need, and our employment, help to actuate its pulsations. The memories and traditions of nations; doctrines in religion and politics; the reflections, hopes, theories, discoveries and pleasures of the being; forecasts of the future; emotional sensations and habits of ancestors, are all factors which, in the aggregate of impressions upon the brain, determine the course of action which the will shall choose.

One man conveys information to another man by the use of vocal sounds, motions, objects, inscriptions and pictures. Each seeks to influence the other to act. Generally the effort is made for personal gain or prestige.

There was a time in the past when speech, motions and objects were the only means of communication. Then man began to draw pictures and associate certain ideas with these pictures, much as manufacturers do With trade-marks today. Later came phonetic signs, from which developed the alphabets and spelling of words. These led to the writing upon stone and parchment, then to the printing of books, and finally to the great daily newspapers, national magazines and large libraries of “canned knowledge”.

When a human being acts as a result of impulses existing in the creature through heredity, we call it instinct. This is true in the animal kingdom. The bee gathers honey; the ant builds a hill; the beaver cuts down trees; the bird makes a nest; the wasp manufactures paper.

The Power of Suggestion

HHHOSE activities of the brain called instinct J- can be played upon by suggestions. Clothing is pictured as improving the appearance. We are reminded of its protection to the body,

and the consequent comfort thus secured. Stylish clothing is presented as establishing business prestige and offering a good social standing. Its use is suggested as a means of attracting the opposite sex. We read the advertisement, desire the suggested advantages, recognize the need, and are persuaded to act. Ways and means of purchasing are made as easy as possible, and the result is a sale.

We are told how good this particular’ food tastes; how easy it is to digest; what healthgiving qualities it contains: the care with which it is gathered and prepared; and the neat, sanitary container in which it is packed and sold. A number of* other good things are associated with it. Our mouth waters, and we get hungry for that food—another sale.

The joys of outdoor life are painted before our mental vision. The canoe serenely gliding down, the stream; the auto speeding through the wooded hills; the different sports and the equipment for their pursuance and success arc repeated to us o'er and o'er. At every vantage point, where we arc apt to be thinking of such things, they are intruded before our vision—in the newspapers and magazines, in the store v inflows and street cars, along roads and railways, upon the sides of houses. Our .friends half-consciously repeat the advertising slogans, phrases and arguments. Guv minds are aroused and we are impelled to want and to buy something that may protest, sustain or give pleasure.

There are many tilings which influence thought and prompt action. The association with one another influences human nature. The spirit pervading a group is the spirit of each individual in that group. The combativeness and selfishness of man cause business competition, sports and soe’al frier n’i. Wais are a result of it.

Sex attraction is one of die most powerful factors io deteiminlng the behavior of men and women—the play, pleasuic and hospitality of of life, customs and fashions of yesterday and today. The intellectual life of man lends its weight. The most we possess in an intellectual way is copied from other tilings or people; originality is added to these from time to time.

AH people have followed some form of religion from time immemorial, and today the various codes of doctrines subscribed to by different people form, the religions thought of the present time. Curiosity causes investigation, frequently resulting in discoveries and inventions. Dissatisfaction lends to the production of things and ideas different from the established forms and customs. One, or a combination of two or more of the above suggested proclivities can be forced into action by a series of varied suggestions akin to the subject.

Why We Are Impressed

DVERTISEMENTS are written and designed to create reader-interest and prompt action along any of these lines. There are things which we instinctively prefer and other things which are naturally repellant. The advertising expert knows this and makes use of these mental proclivities. A thing unshapely, dirty, or dis-plnasingly odd is invariably avoided. Thore is a preference for things which are beautiful, artistic, clean, sanitary, or full of harmonious colors.

Perhaps we can better appreciate this whole subject, if at this point we quote a number of paragraphs from “The Story of Modern Science” (Vol. Ill, pp. 34, 35), by Henry Smith Williams, which gives a very interesting account of how the brain is supposed to assemble thoughts. After showing that each brain cell is a separate entity sending out roots or fibrils he continues:

Each of the filaments jutting out from the cell is held, as before, to be indeed a transmitter of impulses, but a transmitter that operates intermittently, like a telephone tore that is not always “connected”; and. like that wire, the nerve fibrils operate by contact and not by continuity. Under proper stimulation the ends of the fibrils reach out, come in contact with other end fibrils of other cells, and conduct their destined impulse. Again they refract, and communication ceases for the time bc-t’wfn fhoro paiticular cells.

Meantime, by a different arrangement of the ■various cm ductors, different sets of cells are placed in communication, different association of nervous impulses induced, different trains of thought engendered. Each fibril toien retracted becomes a non-conductor, but when' extended and in contact with another fibril, or with the body of another cell, it conducts its message as readily as a continuous filament could do—precisely as in the case of an electric wire.

This conception, founded on a most tangible anatomical basis, enables as to answer the question as to how ideas arc isolated, and also, as Dr. Cajal points out, throws new light on many other mental processes.

One can imagine, for example, by keeping in mind the flexible nerve prolongations, how new train® of

thought may be engendered through novel associations of cells; how facility of thought or of action in certain directions is acquired through the habitual making of certain nerve cell connections; how certain bits of knowledge may escape our memory, and refuse to be found for a time, because of a temporary incapacity of the nerve cells to make the proper connections; and so on indefinitely.

The attention of the being is constantly being attracted by the multifarious things around him. And those things which make the greatest impression upon the convolutions of the brain are the things that will occupy the mind for the time. By reflection upon the memories of the past— the things that the mind has already absorbed and retained—it is further occupied and influenced.

There will also arise thoughts of things which never existed, and of which no knowledge is possessed. This imagining will add its little weight to the way man thinks. Suggestions will arouse in the mind trains of thought or impel the being to follow a certain course of action. All these things play upon the brain; and the predominating emotions, thoughts and knowledge will determine the action of the will. Truly Solomon has said, “As a man thinketh in his heart so is he.”

Upon the aggregation of all these factors there is built up for you and me to absorb, attractive and well-illustrated advertisements in the magazines, newspapers, books, booklets, posters, signs and through other mediums which are used for the dissemination of information. This can be made a mighty power for good, and also for evil. Every7 phase of life is affected by advertising in some form or other.

Trade-mark Products

VERT early in history there developed the association of certain articles with printed words to designate the origin of the product. The Egyptians would imprint upon the bricks their signs. The Greeks were known to place upon the earthenware and other articles the name of the maker, or an insignia which acted the same as the modern trade-mark. The Romans were users of lettered signs placed before the marts of trade directing customers where to purchase goods.

In America we have become accustomed to associate articles with trade-mark names and advertising phrases which have been impressed indelibly upon the minds of million s of people by persistent repetitions and associations with the articles and their uses in hundreds of ways.

Think of the many things an individual uses in the course of twenty-four hours. Think of the suggestions which prompted the purchase of these articles: A “Komfo” mattress and a “Simons” bed; the ring of the “Big Ben” which awakens the slumberer in the morning; the use of “Ivory Soap”, “It floats”; a “Crane” lavatory; “Gillette” Safety razor and “Colgate’s Shaving Cream”; a “Pro-phy-lac-tic” brash and “Pepso-dent” or “The New Day Dentrifice”; the “B V D” union suit, “Holeproof” hosiery, “Emery” shirt, “Kuppenheimer” suit, “Cantilever” shoes and “Arrow” collar.

Then there are the “Mazda”, “Campbell’s Soup,” “Look for the red and white label,” “Quaker Oats,” “Butter-Krust” bread and some cake made of “Pillsbury’s Best” and “Royal Baking Powder”, “Sun-Maid Raisins” and “Domino” sugar; “Baker’s Breakfast Cocoa” or “Postum”, “Yuban” coffee, and a few “Heinz” olives, “One of the 57 Varieties”; a “Rex” Sanitized Couch; the “Victrola”, “His Master’s Voice” ;“Valspar,” “The Varnish that won’t turn white,” “O’Cedar Oil”; and “Congoleum”, “The Art Rug”; a “Corona,” “Conklin” pencil and “Hammermill” Bond; a “Yale” lock, “Kodak,” “Ford,” “Exide” Storage Batteries, “Michelin” Tires, “Gargoyle” Oil. Oh, yes’ and “Uneeda” Biscuits, “Tasty-kake,” also some home-made cake baked in a “Kalamazoo Direct to You” stove and sweetened with “Karo Corn Syrup”, “For Goodness’ Sake.”

Advertising enters into every phase of life and therefore we should know more about it. The effect, power and influence of modern advertising should not be overlooked. This power, which is constantly trying to impress us and sell us something, and by subtle influences and devices persuade the mind to act, keeps the world moving. It grafts evil habits upon the masses. It forces the minds of men to accept unhealthy habits and foods. But it is also a tremendous power for good. It has skilfully placed in the homes the labor-saving devices, created healthy habits, and promoted all kinds of progress. It is the power which moves the world of humanity. It has brought happiness to many a home; and sorrow, often, too.

It is gratifying to note that recently the adver* . tising men of America have become unanimous that "truth in advertising implies honesty in manufacture”, as Colgate & Company expresses it in one of their advertisements in the Literary Digest. Unfortunately it is possible for a truthful statement to be made in an advertisement, the influence of which is productive of evil; or it may lack that which is for the best interests of humanity. Many statements in cigarette advertisements are true, but are they productive of good?

Effective Advertising

THE value of an advertisement can be determined. by the thoughts which it conveys through words and illustrations. The arrangement of the type and illustrations, in such a manner as to emphasize these thoughts, adds to its effectiveness. The easier it is to read the more it will be read. The type used must display all thoughts properly and in relative value. The ad must he of the proper size to be plain and legible.

Character can be built into an advertisement by the proper use of big type and little typo, capitals, small capitals and italics. The different faces of types are expressive. Bold-face types remind one of strength: light-face and fancy types suggest refinement and culture. White space helps to make the printing easier to read, and therefore easier for the mind to divide up the thoughts as they are presented.

The constant use of one color, or a combination of colors, will cause the mind to associate those colors v ith the thing advertised. The national use of Blue and Yellow with the Michelin Tire advertisements is an nxamp|p of this. When the same illustration is constantly used in connection with advertising it becomes associated with that thing for sale, as the Campbell Kids in the Campbell Soup advertisements.

A unique shape of border and type arrangement was used by the A. B. Dick Mimeograph people in a series of advertisements run in the Literary Digest which effectively tied together all the advertisements into one unit. The style of the Bell Telephone advertisements has made a national impression, and they are recognized at a glance as associated with the Bell Telephone Co., because of their uniform shape, style of type and style and position of illustrations and signature.

When making up an advertisement, whether it be for the sale of a product or for the announcement of a lecture, or for any other purpose, it is veil to give careful consideration to the following points:

Do the words convey interest-arousing information?

Is it written in an interesting way?

Is it easy to be understood?

Will an illustration help make more clear the thoughts to be conveyed ?

What style of type will be easily read and impressive ?

Can emblems or tradb-marks be used to tie it up to previous advertisement efforts?

How large must it be to get attention?

What shape shall it be?

How shall the type be arranged?

Is it properly balanced?

Will a border help make if more attractive?

Does it conform with the style of the series so as to have association value?

Questions like these will make possible the building of the most value into the advertisement.

Youmg China Demands a Square Deal

ASTUTELY observing that the thirty-five thousand young Chinese who have received their educations in American and European universities are now asking the Western nations not merely to teach the Golden Rule but to practise it, the Lynchburg (Va.) News rises in its pew to ask a few questions and make a few remarks. It says:

Will anyone dare to say that in China today the representatives of the so-called Christian nations are acting in a way that accords with what missionaries of those nations preach? Will anyone dare to contend that they are acting in accord v ith the professions of the nations that sent them ? The Christian nations of the world must do one of two things. They must practice Christianity or stop preaching it to others. The Chinese especially are not fools; they know when our preachments and our actions arc in total disharmony, and they are coming, or inevitably will come, to look upon us as not only un-Christian but as hypocritical. And when they so regard us they will despise as well as hate us. It would be far better not to preach to them if we are not to treat them in accordance with our preachments.

School Lnaeh Tasties By Betty Barclay

HOW many can remember the school lunch of thirty years ago ? Slices of bread placed together—with butter, molasses, Jelly, preserves, or perhaps cold meat between; a piece of cake or pie; and an apple, peach or pear—according to what grew in your particular orchard or what w’as on sale in the little corner store.

No! This lunch was not particularly well balanced. However, many of us lived in the country, where things to nibble grew wild, so that by the time we v ere through nibbling at recess, at noon and on our way home, we had devoured enough fruits barks, berries and leaves to furnish us with all the food constituents our lunch lacked.

Few of us thought of the food value of the teaberry leaf, the cluster of pigeon berries, the Indian plums, the wild cherries, the blueberries or the sassafras bark. We sought these things and ate these things merely because we liked to find them and liked to taste them. Still, we were getting our daily minerals, salts and vita-mines just as surely as we do today, now that we know there really are such things.

Without doubt the rosy cheeks of the country boy or girl come largely from the raw fruits, vegetables, leaves and berries that he is constantly eating. He does not need to read of balanced diets, for he balances his diet naturally —as he roots around the orchards, fields and woods, like the little animal he is.

They laugh at indigestion on the farm—until age begins to creep upon them; then they may have it. But is it not true that at this period the raw carrots, the berries and the natural wild foods are eaten less often! Is not this the answer to the question, “Why do I have trouble now when I never had it before?’’

Tn the city, natural raw foods are not to be had for the finding, or for the asking. Not all of these foods may even be had for the purchasing. Tt behooves mothers, therefore, to furnish as much raw fruits and vegetables as possible to the children, particularly when they are going to school and growing like little weeds.

The wild cherry, the teaberry and the sassafras bark are luxuries, to be had only when Dad takes the kiddies for a ride and proudly shows them the things he loved to eat when he was a boy. Carrots, more is the pity, cannot often be polled for immediate eating; nor can fruit be plucked from a high tree. Most of the raw vegetables and raw’ fruits may be secured easily, however, and may be eaten "as is”; or in some cases they may be combined with other foods, into a dish that is both pleasing and healthful.

Here are a few foods that may be used for the children's lunch, time and time again—not all at once, of course, but in rotation, or as the necessary ingredismts may be secured:

Peanut butter sandwiches; sandwiches containing both peanut butter and paste made of chopped raisins and orange juice; sandwiches made with healthful home-made jellies; tapioca fruit puddings in little covered dishes; whole fruits of all kinds; a little bottle of rich milk; whole-w’heat bread and butter, or whole-wheat sandwiches for a change; a whole tomato; a small dish of sterved fruit; a baked apple: one dish of hot soup, of* something else that is tasty (if there is an opportunity for the child to heat it, or if you have a small thermos bottle); graham or oatwieal crackers; and a bar of chocolate once a w’eeu or so.

None of these things is expensive. None requires a great deal of preparation. Such lunches, how’ever, will go a long w’ay towmrd making healthy children.

A little dish of tapioca pudding will ahvays please a child at lunch. In addition to the eggs, milk and sugar, this dish contains tapioca, which is in itself a very rich and easily-digested food. Then again, it may be made into a fruit pudding, so that the child will have the benefit of the minerals and salts of the fruit as wTell as the carbohydrates of the topioca.

Here is a recipe that may be made up in a very few^ minutes and will prove very pleasing, either for a school lunch, or for a lunch at home, when the children are able to come home for this meal:

1 quart hot milk

i cup quick-cooking tapioca

1 egg i cup sugar Pinch of salt Flavoring

Cook tapioca and salt for 15 minutes in hot milk, in double boiler, stirring frequently. Add 1 tablespoon of cold water to the egg yolk and beat well. At the end of 15 minutes stir the egg yolk and sugar slowly into the milk and tapioea. Cook -until it begins to thicken like custard.

Remove from heat and whip in the beaten eggwhite. Add vanilla, orange or any flavoring desired. The white of egg may be used as mciii.gue, if you intend to serve the dish at home. This is also delicious poured cold over any fruit or denies, either fiesh or canned. Raisins, prunes, figs, dates or nuts may be fhnA hue k vidle cooling.

If the children go to school in the country, urge them during the berry season to eat strawberries, raspberries or blackberries at noon, either with sugar and cream, which can be placed in the lunch basket, or stirred into a tapioca cream which you have made for them. Thore is a hire about “making your own dessert’’ which will keep them interested as long as berries are procurable; and those berries are good for them, as are the creani, the sugar and the tapioca ] lidding.

Tae cich Tower'’ Xodcl Power Plnnt

Ltcp> od( d 'Oil 0. Poirei’’ 'hicujozine.]

A >1 HIKING example of an oil engine power ■T'i- nlmit Amalie,] midm virtually ideal condi-*„>.j- ai’.W? d i y the iwuit equi] ment of the Wa- n "D vur and Tn.et th eiety of Brook-Ivl wills tan oil omdi.e units, iordering their iwabh'-limeut cntnAy inm*pendeni of any out-siiie eouice of power. The careful planning ’.ieh has ju<tilicd die description of this installation as a “model plant” is not only reflected in tie engine room, but aho in the enrire layout of the new building erected by there international-b. known publishers of religious literature.

The Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society, mTliatid with the International Bible Students Arocciatlor, has had a long anti distinguished m-mry and tie broad scope of present activity « is rendered doubly impressive by the fa-1 that the institution is operated entirely - ..bout proof to its sponsor.-- or its members.

ddl (->f ’he v, mkeis in the Society's piess are T>Ke siiideiito who Lave volunteered their ser-vii t>: ui rchmn they iceeive a nominal monthly salaij amt are housed by the Society in a dormitory which is situated a few blocks from the ] Ant. With such altruistic conditions prevailing. the entire staff seems Io be imbued with an unastial spirit of progressiveness and devotion to high quality of workmanship.

The output of the Society ranges from 10,000 to 18,000 bound volumes per day, in addition to a monthly magazine which has a circulation of ever 100,000. Bibles and tracts are printed in twenty-seven different languages and are distributed to branch headquarters throughout the L’mted States and Europe, from v. Inch they are sold by house-to-hou-e canvassers who alro work on a gratuitous bas:s. All of the p'dfl’eations are sold at a price which barely covers the cost of production and distiibution.

The most modern refinements in printing and bookbinding machinery have been adapted to the production of this immense output of printed matter, the majority of the operations being performed by automatic machineiy. All of the individual machines are fitted with diiect motor drive, and in the instances wlmre it is usually customary to heat type metal and various parts of the presses with gas, considerable progress is being made in the use of electrical heating units.

It is not surprising in such a progressive atmosphere, to find the oil engine's s fleeted as the sole source of power. Tn this e-'miirotmri if is interesting to note, too, that the er-tnnates wliich were pi epared, analyzing the coff of various forms of power, were based on the operation of the plant as though it were a regular commercial press, paying the usual wage scale of such organizations. The choice of oil engine porver by the Watch Tower Society was therefore made on a. cost basis which m entirely similar to the operating costs of any industrial establishment.

The engine room is located on the ground floor at the front of the building. Large steel sash window's open directly onto the sidewalk, not only affording excellent daylight illumination, but also making it possible for passersby to view

the entire installation. In this respect it is a veritable oil engine “shop window”.

The foundations of both engines are of cast monolithic. In no place does the foundation or its trench make direct contact with the engine room floor, building, footings, or walls. All of the piping is mounted on steel pipe racks in under-floor trenches, covered with steel floor plates. Compressed cork slabs one inch thick serve as a separation matting between the trench walls and the flooring, or wherever the flooring would otherwise come in contact with the engine footings.

Each system of piping has been painted a distinctive color so that the operator can tell at a glance the function of each pipe line. Couplings have been fitted so that it is possible to disconnect each straight run of pipe, greatly facilitating cleaning the lines or making repairs. Considerable attention has been paid to the layout of this piping, and the resultant accessibility and neatness of the installation fully justify the effort expended.

The cooling water system is arranged so that the operator can flow city water through the cooling packets to waste, or can recirculate the water through a cooling tower on the roof, using city water for the makeup supply. A roof tank is cut into this recirculating system and is arranged so that it can be drained in cold weather, to prevent any possibility of ice formation. All of the valves controlling the water circulation are located in the engine room, centralizing this control in a position adjacent to the water pumps, which are mounted on a concrete lodge at one side of the engine room.

An additional factor of safety is achieved in this model plant by the provision of a recording instrument which indicates the level of water in the roof tank, on a chart in the engine room. A change of one foot in the water level of the 1500 gallon roof tank will cause an alarm bell to ring, warning the operator of an impending shortage in his water supply. Slight Flow Indicators are fitted to the cooling water outlet of each engine, and these have an electric alarm connection arranged to cause an alarm bell to ring if the water supply fails. Thermometers reading up to 212 degrees Farenheit are located in the water inlet and outlet connections of each, engine.

…