Golden Age, June 30, 1926

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Contents of the Golden Age

«=-■— —..........—- — =^=80^X1— -----------

Labor and Economics

Another Scheme to Skin the Farmers

Lion Farms in California

Horrors of North Carolina Convict Camps. ...

Mexico for the Mexicans

Industrial Life in Guatemala

' Social and Educational

Fundamental Cause of Crime

How .to Get into Society

Transparent Red Fish in Idaho. ■.......•

Tidbits of World News

■ | No More Broadcasters

j The Magic Shadow

I Events in Canada

| -- Radio Programs

| I Finance—Commerce—Transportation

If ' Highways of the Future..... ;

( C’u ion Freight Stations in Manhattan

• Diamond Mines in Arkansas. .......... . . . 619

| ; Europe Jealous of American Wealth

| » Commerce and Finance Not Frightened. . .

I i

I* Political—Domestic and Foreign

Prohibition Versus • Temperance

■ Wets Favor the Volstead Act

. ; Impeachment of a Federal Judge. . .

Bishop Advocates Anarchy

i Japan May Colonize Upper Brazil. . ■

i Vatican Kept Germany Out of the League

| Making Christians in South Africa.......•

Home and Health

Disease and its Cube

Child Management

Religion and Philosophy

Society

ing Water

.......... ’

Co. 'u.vs

Zim........ 1

Institution of g... Jubilee.

Studies in “The Harp of God”

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Entered as second-class matter at Brooklyn, N. Y., under the Act of March 3, 1879

Golden Age

Volume VII Brooklyn, N.Y., Wednesday, June 30, 1926 Number 171

Prohibition Versus Temperance By Walter H. Candler

THE other day a Chicago policeman, observing an excited crowd of boys gathered in ' the middle of a block in an outlying section, rushed up breathlessly and asked what all the noise was about.

"A fella just turned the corner ” a small boy informed him.

"Well, what about it?” queried the officer, "What’s that to get excited about?”

‘‘They ain’t no corner,” called back the boy as he swung astride his bicycle.

So it would seem about prohibition: "They ain’t none.” ■

The anomaly we call prohibition is not a very hard thing to discuss, because everybody everywhere is pretty well informed about it. However, as an average American citizen who goes to church occasionally, loves home, family, law and order, and who understands the ordinary things of life about as you do, I shall herein jot down a few commonplace observations.

Macaulay said: "The habit of breaking even an unreasonable law tends to make men altogether lawless.” A paragrapher in the Chicago Daily News recently observed: "A consistent violation of the law makes a man a sneak. Then he resorts to the weapons of sneaks and fights ' his battles with sawed-off shot guns and dyna-4 mite.”

Resumption of Temperance Work Necessary

WHEN the research department of the Federal Council of Churches of Christ in ■ America published its report on prohibition some time ago, one of the very definite conclusions set forth was that conditions as to the sale and use of intoxicants were such that the churches found it necessary to resume their previously suspended work in behalf of temperance ; that reliance on legal compulsion had been very unfortunate. .

The Church Temperance Society, composed mostly of members of the Protestant Episcopal church, recently made a categorical demand for the modification of the Volstead act, in the interest of temperance, law and public morality. An overwhelming majority of the members of that society are convinced that Volsteadism lacks the sentiment of public opinion, that it encourages evasion and violation of law, and puts insurmountable obstacles in the way of teachers and preachers of temperance. It is claimed that Volsteadism has been so interpreted or applied in practice that it has assumed the character of obnoxious class legislation. .

The Temperance Society recommends the legalization of light wines and beer. It wants rational prohibition, where education in scienti-,, fic temperance may be inaugurated by religious and ethical bodies, with the hope of ultimate success. As matters now stand, the advocate of temperance is taunted with responsibility for a drastic, arbitrary and unenforceable law; and his influence is thus undermined, at a time when it is most needed.

The Daily News comments: “That a church temperance society should have reached and proclaimed the conclusion that the Volstead act is the foe of temperance is, of course, arresting. It furnishes one more reason why congress should cause to be made an unprejudiced, scientific survey of the proper requirements of a law enforcing the eighteenth amendment to the constitution.” -

As to whether prohibition as we have known it for seven years past is doomed, is not a question for any individual to determine; but it is safe to predict that when an outraged public conscience becomes aroused some sort of radical changes are likely to occur; and that such changes are now imminent needs no stretch of the imagination.

What Its Friends Had Hoped of Prohibition

ACK in the early days no one was stronger or more indefatigable in support of the

eighteenth amendment than I, because I believed conscientiously that it was the greatest forward-step we had ever taken, that it would be directly instrumental in purifying our political, social, and economical problems and complexes as nothing else could. I believed with thousands of others that it soon would empty our jails, penitentiaries, and other places for the detention of criminals and delinquents. I could see nothing but an outcome of great and lasting good.

Should someone have come to me, say in the summer of 1919, and told me that the number of murders in Chicago and all over our country in 1925 would quadruple that of 1919; that our annual crime bill would be over three billion dollars per year; that our jails and penitentiaries would be filled to capacity; that many of our high officials would be working with, abetting and protecting millionaire bootleggers; that I, along with other drys who had not fallen by the way, would be lined up against this bootlegging element, still trying to fight for.temperance, and that the bootleggers would rejoice in the eighteenth amendment, I should have thought him crazy. But I am forced to admit that such is the present state of affairs.

No one can be more enthusiastic over the eighteenth amendment than the bootlegger; it has made him rich. Why shouldn’t he be for it? The bootlegger’s greatest ally is the believer in and- “enforcer” of the prohibition law. We cannot escape the facts, and for the good of ourselves and all mankind we should face them unflinchingly, and openly accept the fruits of our six years’ experience.

When the great heads of the various churches and religious bodies made the discovery that they were being used as tools in the filthy hands of the heads of the world’s greatest industry today, they very naturally rebelled; and regardless of what his previous convictions were, every good citizen, if he had not already rebelled, soon will rebel also.

The President’s Council

SHORT time ago in Chicago the President’s Council, composed of twenty-seven of the leading business organizations in the city, met.

William R. Dawes, brother of the vice president, presided. Philip Kinsley, who covered the meeting for the Chicago Tribune, made some very interesting notes. The report states that “the law breaker is found in all levels of society”; but no effort is being, made to trace the social ramifications of crime, as was done in the Roscoe Pound report on Cleveland. There is no discussion of fundamental causes; the report merely deals with more practical and obvious effects. Murders committed in Chicago are given at the outset as follows:

1924 ........1

The report of the aforementioned committee continues:

Robbery is increasing not only in the number of offences committed but in values involved. The frequency and subtlety with which this crime is committed and the large losses sustained through it tend to support the assertion that it is the work of highly organized specialists.

Jewelry losses by robbery in Chicago for eleven months in 1925 exceeded $2,000,000.

But while crime has increased the punishment of crime has diminished, and this in turn adds to its volume.

Difficult as it is to secure conviction of offenders, the public has come to believe that the operation of the machinery by which convictions are obtained is often counteracted and its results nullified by such administrative agencies as the board of pardons.

Figuring Human Equation

THE report then speaks of the extent to which

“human frailty” enters into the acts of officialdom, the ease with which crime is committed, the protection afforded the criminal by “the ramifications of modern civilization”, and charges that one great contributing cause to the increase of crime is the apathy of the citizens toward the character of men elected to office:

The nation-wide prevalence of crime was discussed and attention called to the recent organization in New York of the National Crime Commission and a similar concentration of roused public sentiment in several other states.

The great insurance companies dealing with the subject of the direct annual loss caused by crime estimate it at about three billion dollars for the entire country.

The good work of the committee is, of course, to be commended; but the people cannot understand why, in its report, it failed to discuss fundamental causes instead of simply dealing with “practical and obvious effects”. Would it not appear that our courts, jails and penitentiaries are meant to function in this sense—dealing, as it were, with “obvious effects” ? The work of any committee, at least where crime is involved, which ignores fundamental causes cannot progress very far. Our big problems are not effects, but causes.

Human frailty is and always has been a factor in the detection and punishment of crime. But, if the ramifications of modern civilization, and the apathy of citizens toward the character of men elected to office, constitutes the great contributing cause to the increase in crime, is it not obvious that strenuous measures are necessary?

A Fundamental Cause of Crime

LET us not try to remedy fundamental causes by ignoring them and concentrating our remedial agencies on effects only. Let’s not ignore the millions on millions of dollars being continually contributed by the nation-wide bootlegging interests for the purpose of “handling” crooked politicians and their appointees who are charged with law enforcement.

The greatest calamity that could befall the organized bootleg ring would be the repeal of the Volstead act. If you doubt this assertion, please observe the fight that will be waged should the subject be brought up in Congress. Do you believe these fellows who have grown fabulously wealthy these six years by hoodwinking a gullible people who thought they were ■ championing a noble cause, will stand quietly by and allow their source of revenue to be cut off by the repeal of the Volstead law? Anyone who cannot see this plainly is blinded by his own prejudices and passions.

'A nation cannot rise above its ideals nor the integrity of its institutions. Occasionally so-called ideals prove to be boomerangs, as in this instance. We realize our mistake, that is, most of us do; and the question now arises as to what is best to be done. We know that all religious organizations and school teachers quit trying to teach temperance with relation to intoxicating liquors in 1919, because they reasoned that it was . useless to waste time in teaching something that wasn’t needed.

A Popularization of Lawlessness

THE few years previous to the Volstead era the liquor habit was becoming more and more disreputable, being restricted largely to the lower strata of society. But, as a recent writer says:

Federal prohibition has engendered in the scofflaw a spirit of bravado, a tenderness about personal liberty, so that the erstwhile feminine applauder of Carrie Nation and her hatchet is now fain to connive at her husband’s concoction of mysterious and head-racking home brews. The sober citizen who seldom or never visited a saloon now winks diabolically to his visja-vis as he toasts “Success to crime”! The bootlegger finds customers not merely among the old-time bar-fly class but in good society, among college students and high school pupils, upon whose undiscriminating palates he can foist any brand of “tombstone” abomination masquerading under counterfeit stamps and labels as the genuine “bonded stuff”.

Does it not seem that if the President’s Council had reasoned a little in searching for a cause for the great crime wave, and had started with the premise that assimilation is a law of association, it would have, at least, made some progress?

Big, little, old and young, we are creatures of environment, and our assimilation of characteristics proceeds in the same ratio as the intimacy and congeniality of the association increases; and by tremendous, logical converse action the congeniality is intensified and precipitated in its approximation to an equilibrium and saneness of disposition, in the same ratio as the assimilation proceeds. The ratio of the assimilative procession is not therefore, mathematical, but accelerative. Familiarity with danger or evil dissipates the fear of it.

The True Office of Law

MAN’S integrity, conscience and attitude represent the sum-total of his training; and if such be deficient all the laws ever enacted, prohibitive and inhibitive, are inadequate to rectify the subsequent derelictions of his conduct. Laws may repress for a time because of the dire Consequences of their breaking, but they cannot force a man whose early training has been defective or utterly neglected, to be a good, law-abiding citizen. At best, laws can serve only as guides to conduct; they do not train,

thei7 direct. A good soldier comes to be such only by rigid discipline and proper military training. -

A good citizen does not kill, steal, cheat, lie, or get drunk; because he has been taught—by his daily associations, home, church, school and companions, not to. He does not need prohibition ; nor does the man who has not been taught, for he will break one law as readily as another.

Education in the broadest sense does not consist so much in the accumulation of knowledge, but largely in subordinating our instincts to conform to the inexorable mandate of society. The outstanding difference between the civilized man, as we know him, and the savage, is that the former is capable of restraint and is amenable to intellectual appeal, whereas the latter ! is made subservient only through force, fear or taboo. A man’s fear decreases in the same ratio that his knowledge of living increases.

Had the prohibition law7 been enforced to the letter, as may be possible in an autocracy— never in a democracy—and every person who broke it had been summarily punished, our prison-facilities would necessarily have had to be increased many fold, and the greater portion of our population would have spent considerable time behind the bars these last six years.

In fact, I doubt seriously if enough of us would have been on the outside at any one time to have been able to feed those on the inside. An autocratic law cannot be enforced in a democratic ■ country. This fact, coupled with the American tendency to see a joke, to laugh at the ridiculous, has served to offset grave consequences to the country.

The Desire for Forbidden Things

S A CHILD I disliked beer and olives. Beer was prohibited. Today, I am very fond of beer, but am not enthusiastic over olives. Had the contrary been true, I doubt not that my taste -would have been reversed. It is human nature to -want that which has been forbidden. Prohibit a thing, no matter what it is, and instantly you place a value upon it. Values are determined largely by the degree of difficulty in possessing. If pearls could be found in shallow pools instead of at the bottom of the ocean, a string of them -would not be worth a million dollars, and they -would be less sought after.

Men pay the biggest premiums for the things hardest to obtain; and, as has been demonstrated, if that thing is legally prohibited, they not only will pay a big price for it, but -will break the law to get it. When a man breaks one law, no matter if it is an unreasonable one, it diminishes his respect for all laws and renders the breaking of them less difficult.

Does this not explain why the laws of our country are respected less today than ever? Does it not explain why judges, juries, and prosecutors—conforming to this principle—are letting off dyed-in-the-wool criminals with lighter sentences and, in many instances, none ? We are bewailing the terrible crime-wave that is sweeping our country, yet we wink at the real cause while we endeavor to deal with “practical obvious effects”. .

The Demand for Modification -

THE demand for “modification” of the prohibition law is being made from various quarters. “Light wines and beer” are considered by many as ameliorative measures. The difference between prohibition (represented by force) and temperance (the outgrowth of education) is beginning to dawn on certain minds. Prohibition is antagonistic to human nature and consequently defeats its own ends, as has been proved.

Temperance, though a generic word, specifically allows the moderate use of intoxicating liquors, and is engendered by training, precept, example. If abstinence is the objective, it can be brought about only by an irreproachable example, the same way in which a child may be taught not to lie, steal, kill, etc.

Assimilation of disposition is a law of association, and it is a solemn truth that the groundwork on character is laid in youth; and if it be defective or faulty it usually remains so. To the false discipline of children by indulgent, indifferent parents, are directly traceable nearly all the obliquities of manhood and womanhood.

The Lure of Illegality

OUR idle children stand among the shifting and rapidly developing events of the day.

They see all kinds and grades of minds industriously rivaling minds. They see the kindled eye of aspiration, the rushing pinions of hope, the elevating strides of science.

Standing at the threshold of life they are astounded by the voluble din of foreign tongues, the roar and whirl of machinery, the hoarse whisper of ambition, the earnest shouts of contestants, the thunder tread of civilization. Their young hearts beat with excitement, their young bodies and plastic minds are restless and eager to do something, but there is nothing to do. Taught nothing useful, they think of nothing useful.

Anything which promises to relieve the dull monotony of life, they hail with zest; they obey the impulses of their natures. In the young mind, the imaginative and impulsive predom-inate—hence the irresistible attraction of the glitter and sparkle of all that is erotic and salacious, which invariably pave the road of least resistance.

Many years ago when whiskey could be bought at the cross-roads grocery store for a dollar or less per gallon, it was used in every home as a medicine and a general auxiliary. To “get drunk” was to be disgraced. But when restrictions were put upon the manufacture and sale of it, drunkenness began to increase. Finally, when the sale of it was prohibited altogether, nearly everybody went to drinking.

Formerly when the town souse became too free with his libations he was passed up in utter disgust; but now, since all imbibe more or less, the greatest form of indoor sports on Main Street is to get together afterward and relate, for the delectation of all, the idiotic escapades indulged in while inebriated. The illiterate dullard and pool-hall habitue, the local doctor, lawyer, dentist, groceryman, town barber, blacksmith, teamster and mayor, meet on common grounds of fraternalism at the corner drugstore where they noisily recount their inane experiences and deride the eighteenth amendment.

An Advertisement for Liquor

THERE can be no question but that the greatest form of liquor advertisement is prohibition. There never has been anything for which a demand has exceeded that of liquor, under whatever disguise assumed, since its enactment. The leading advertising men no doubt make a note of this fact and profit thereby.

Should Congress prohibit the sale and use of coffee, it soon-would be selling at ten to twenty dollars per pound, and people who always have 'disliked it would develop into coffee fiends. Coffee-jags would soon become as commonplace as are moonshine parties today. The same principle may be conservatively applied to every thing else.

Prohibition creates a demand. People want what they cannot have. The newly born infant quickly shows evidence of this contrary human trait; and if unrestrained, and you follow that child to maturity, you will find it to be an outlaw-—unless, by rigid, unflagging discipline, it has been taught otherwise.

If you and I are not thieves and murderers, it is not because such practices are prohibited; it is because of our past training. Fallen man is a killer at heart, and a thief. It can scarcely be otherwise, considering our heritage. The killing instinct appears early in children. It is well known that, uninstructed, children will gravitate to the ruthless slaughter of inoffensive animals. This trait is primordial.

A child cannot understand why it should not have what it wants; and, unrestrained, goes after it and gets it. You and I can easily recall the little things we deliberately stole in our childhood and thought nothing about it, until we ran afoul of parental discipline.

The savage is just below the surface in all of us. It is surprising indeed, under the stress of anger, jealousy, hatred or fear, to discover the terrible vestigial monsters that are lurking within us. “Him whom the gods would destroy, they first make mad.”

Wanting What is Hard to Get

THE trait of wanting that which is hard to get is not a bad one, if trained to conform to certain prescribed standards. We owe our present state of civilization, such as it is, to it. •An examination into the lives of great men and women will reveal this outstanding trait—Columbus, Newton, Lincoln, Franklin, Washington, Steinmetz, Burbank, Edison, and thousands of others.

How easy would it have been for them, under improper training, to have become master criminals instead of great benefactors. And, likewise, how easy may it have been for many inglorious criminals to have become, under the right environment, association, and training in their youth, great benefactors of the human race. Who can say?

In pre-prohibition days one could go to any drugstore and purchase a pint of whiskey for

Tn* GOLDEN AGE

thirty-five cents. Occasionally some extortionist would charge as high as fifty cents. But very little drugstore whiskey was consumed, as it was not considered to be the best grade.

One druggist whom I have known for many years, sold less than two cases a year. Now that druggist is doing a whiskey business which, at $6 a pint, has made him a wealthy man within the past six years. In 1919 he was too poor to own a flivver, and lived in a small, stove-heated apartment. Now he owns a Rolls Royce, and pays $450 monthly rental for a luxurious apartment in the fashionable residential district of Chicago.,. He belongs to several exclusive clubs, and his wife and family now move about in the best society.

How to Get into Society

I COULD compile a list of his kind, in Chicago alone, that would make a rather imposing directory. Appended to that list would be the names of hundreds of disreputable hoodlums who in pre-prohibition days picked up only a sort of half-living by working a little under pressure, gambling and petty thievery, but who today are wealthy, many of them being millionaires.

I know of men, born and reared in foreign countries, who never learned to read and write their own language, much less ours, and who, because of our prohibition law and the general laxity of other laws, have become immensely wealthy aristocrats. It is not an uncommon sight to see these known law-breakers riding about the streets of Chicago and other cities in their fine cars in open defiance to the laws of our country.

Not so long ago, on account of contempt of court, two of them, recognized millionaires, from whom the government has not collected one cent in income taxes, nor the state and county in personal and property taxes, were lodged in jail for a period of one year.

Soon it came to be generally known that they were being allowed to run about over the city, taking in the cabarets, visiting their homes, transacting their illegal business of wholesale bootlegging as usual, doing about as they pleased.

Upon investigation by the court, it was brought out by their confessions that they had bribed the warden, a man with a long, enviable record as a police officer; and even the sheriff ‘ iad become involved. Both sheriff and warden were found guilty and sentenced to serve jail terms. But, at the present writing, the sheriff is not only at large but still in office; and the two millionaire bootleggers, known in newspaper circles as “beer barons”, are plying their nefarious trades without interruption.

Temperance Destroyed by Prohibition

TF THE Volstead act‘had done nothing else -*■ but turn millions on millions of dollars in legitimate taxes out of the Treasury of our government into the gaping pockets of thousands of illiterate bootleggers, many of them foreigners unable to read and write the English language, it would have been bad enough. But this is only one of the many great evils resulting from it.

Consider, if you please, the vast amount of time, money, energy, patience and toil expended by our educators and various and sundry institutions throughout the country, to say nothing of the tireless efforts of our fathers and mothers, trying to inculcate the Temperance Ideal in the minds of our youth, and to behold the results of all this noble, self-sacrificing work almost entirely swept away within a short period of seven years! Is it not indeed discouraging? Whither are we tending?

It appears to the attentive observer so extraordinary, so replete with incongruities, that if the most acute and experienced statesman were to guide his judgment of the future by the rule of precedent he would be at a loss to find anything bordering on analogy.

Prohibition has made the contemptible outlaw rich, and those of us who have sponsored and stood by Volsteadism these past seven years have done our part in filling the despicable bootlegger’s pockets with blood money. This is common knowledge.

Wets Favor the Volstead Act

IX years ago we heard of fabulous sums of money to be spent by the “wets” for the repeal of the Volstead act. We do not hear that today, because the “wets” of 1919 have changed into the “drys” (?) of 1926; and however much money they would have spent for the repeal of the Volstead act then, they will spend many times over that amount now to prevent its repeal. Why? The answer is obvious; any school boy or girl should know it.

Those crooks who have made their millions because of prohibition will not stand helplessly by while it is being repealed. Threaten the .source of their revenue and watch them act. "Money speaks a various language," and convincingly. The bootlegging element with millions of. dollars at its command will fight any modification of the Volstead act to the very last ditch.

Will modification of the eighteenth amendment tend to lighten the country’s burden? No. If a man will get drunk, what difference does it make whether the condition is produced by “light wine and beer” or by “hard liquor” ?

The prohibition act was meant to prevent men from drinking—few women and no children participated in pre-Volstead days. It was preached by theorists that to remove the cause —intoxicating liquors—men could not get drunk, because they would not have anything to drink. The law was passed, and we all know what has followed. Men who had never been known to touch 'whiskey before went to drinking, and many of them have developed into the worst of all drunkards. Even women and children began to imbibe, and seven years of this general outlawry have brought us face to face with some of the most serious and portentous problems we or any other nation ever faced.

Does it not stand to reason that when you have consistently taught a man to be a drunkard and an outlaw that you cannot cure him by. giving him “light wines and beer” ? Such a modification would only tend to complicate bad matters. . ■

It appears, in the light of seven years’ experience and close observation, that our only hope lies in the repeal, if such is possible, of the eighteenth amendment, and the inauguration of a campaign of vigilant temperance education in the homes, in the church, and in the schools.

[Note: Wo publish this article as a concise statement of existing conditions. But the remedy, and the only-remedy, is Messiah’s kingdom of righteousness, which is at hand. He will clean up the earth so that it. will stay clean.—Ed.]

Transparent Red Fish in Idaho By J. A. Bohnet

IN THE Stanley Basin in the state of Idaho, there is a connecting chain of thirty-six lakes in which there are transparent bright red fish, with deep green heads, averaging about ten inches in length, -which cannot be caught by baithook nor fly catchings.

Some of these lakes have been sounded to the depths of 2700 feet without finding bottom. These red fish stay in the deepest depths of these waters and are never seen until two weeks in the month of August, when they come to the shores and shallow places to spawn.

There they cluster together in pools and can readily be snaghooked until the very last one has been thus jerked out. But the government imposes a fine of $300 for either catching one or having any of them in possession alive or dead.

When the sunlight is on the opposite side of the fish one can see right through them. They are not a good eatable fish, but have been eaten. Nowhere else on the American continent are these distinctive fish to be found. It is a pretty sight to see them by hundreds swimming about in the clear waters of these mountains lakes in August.

Before the law came to protect the fish people jerked them out of the waters by hundreds and left them lying on the shores just for what they called sport. After being out of the water a short -while their body turned pinkish gray, though the head stayed bright green.

These lake waters are so clear that a person can see plainly every pebble on the bottom a hundred feet below the surface; and yet not one of these red, transparent fish is in sight before the second week in August. What they live on is a mystery so far as the writer has been able to ascertain. Perchance some of the readers of The Golden Age may know.

“The morning comes across the hills, The green and golden hills of June, And stirs the air with blissful thrills And wakes the landscape into tune.

“The lily swings her fragrant bells;

The birds make vocal all the trees;

And on the beach long tidal swells

Break into music of the seas.”

Tidbits of World News

Impeachment of a Federal Judge

FEDERAL judges are so powerful that their impeachment is a rare occurrence, only seven such instances having occurred since the foundation of the government. But a federal judge in Illinois has been impeached by the House and is to be tried before the Senate for favoring friends in bankruptcy cases, splitting fees with a receiver, using cuss words and disbarring attorneys who antagonized him. He is charged with tyranny, usurpation of power and indecency.

The Heroin Peril

OFFICIAL estimates place at nearly 200,000 the number of drug addicts in New York City, constituting sixty percent of all inmates of correctional institutions, nearly all of them heroin addicts, averaging about twenty-two years of age. The gravity of the drug menace has been accentuated by the discovery of processes of manufacturing the drugs synthetically.

Wide Distribution of Radios

IN NEW ENGLAND and in the Middle Atlantic States four families out of every ten have a radio receiving set. In the Middle West three out of every ten have one. The farmers claim to be receiving practical benefits from weather and market reports and the educational lectures, while everybody enjoys at least some of the musical numbers. In the country as a whole there are about two radios in every ten homes.

Another Scheme to Skin the Farmers

ANOTHER scheme to skin the farmers has been developed. Along comes a man who agrees to purchase a fine farm at a little above its value. He makes a small down payment and agrees to make the large payment at an agreed date eighteen months later. Then he works the farm for all it is worth until he gets his second crop from it and departs, having paid as rental only the small down payment made on arrival.

Lion Farm in California

THE New York Times contains an interesting account of a lion farm at El Monte, California, which in an area of two acres, houses behind a high stockade seventy-four lions and lionesses. The lionesses bring forth two litters of cubs each year, three to four cubs in a litter. The cubs are fed on milk for six weeks, after which they go on a diet of raw meat. It takes an entire horse to feed this herd of lions one day. The cubs are worth $300 apiece and the larger lions are worth many thousands.

Transmission of Signatures by Wireless

TT SEEMS almost beyond the realms of thought that a man can sit in his office in New York and sign a contract in London which is accepted in the courts as a legal signature. Yet such is now possible; and it is freely predicted that by the new method of transmitting radio pictures the principal New York papers will appear in London and Paris at almost the same instant that they appear in New York. It will also be possible shortly for invalids or others to sit in their own homes and watch the progress of baseball games or other events of interest.

No More Broadcasters

WITH 530 stations broadcasting in the United States Uncle Sam has gone the limit on exercising hospitality in the air and no new licenses have been issued since the fall of 1925. At present there are as many applicants for the privilege of broadcasting as are already exercising that privilege.

Rapid Increase in Number of Insane

NEARLY three times as many persons are now insane per 100,000 persons in the United States as were insane in 1880. New admissions into the asylums are 75,000 per year, or 750,000 every ten years, with the proportions increasing. Foreign-born admissions are twice or more than twice that of native-born. They are unable to stand the characteristic American rush and drive, which neither they nor their parents ever witnessed in their home lands.

Snowed Under in Michigan

IN APRIL, in the state of Michigan, two women were dug out of a snow drift, safe and sound, after being in it for seven days. They were in a sedan which ran into a snow drift.

They had. plenty of groceries, blankets and robes and managed to keep fairly comfortable. When found the top of the sedan was barely visible. People call this a temperate zone, but why they do this in a region where a thing like this can happen in the seventh month of winter weather is somewhat of a mystery. In the north and east we never brag about our weather.

Horrors of North Carolina Convict Camps

JN STANLEY County, North Carolina, according to the North Carolina state commissioner of charities and public welfare, they have a convict camp which answers well the description of the good old-fashioned but entirely un-scriptural and unreasonable hell of our forefathers. The supervisor of the camp is a churchgoing man, but he hung an aged negro head down for two hours for being happy and dancing on Sunday. He got down on another colored man and beat him so often and so savagely that in twenty-eight days the poor man died. Another man with a broken wrist was refused medical attention. Another, insufficiently clad, was whipped till he bled, for going to bed in his trousers in a vain effort to keep warm. What a wonderful type of Christianity it must be that produces such a graduate! He believes in hell?

Oh, yes! '

Roman Empire Not so Great

THE newspaper. Labor published in Washington, D. C., estimates that in its palmiest days the Roman Empire had 120,000,000 people, with not more than 20,000,000 work animals of all kinds. Then it points out that in New York State alone there are 2,000,000 motor cars reg; istered this year, each with an average of twenty horse-power. Thus it appears, from Labor's estimate, that in its autos alone New York state has twice the power resources of the Roman Empire.

The Highways of the Future

HIGHWAY engineers are predicting that in twenty-five years they will be building roads 120 feet in width, electric lighted, policed, no grade crossings and no maximum speed limit. According to their view pedestrians will then be forbidden to cross the streets except by subways and overhead crossings. In down town districts all sidewalks will be up one flight.

The Decadence of Newspapers

THE New York Society for the Prevention of

Vice, in its annual report, says: “The average newspaper today lacks the character and integrity of the journal of a generation ago, and many by their editorial and news policies are direct incentives to lawlessness.” Concerning the tabloid newspapers the report says: “Such publications are a disgrace and a stumbling block in the way of common decency, in dividual modesty, industry and mental effort. They are a menace to any home from many angles.”

Efficiency in Fire Protection

THE Pennsylvania Railroad System made a remarkable record for protection of its properties from fires during,, the year 1925. A total of 290 fires were put out during the year. The actual property loss on all fires put together was only $16,720, whereas the value of property endangered was approximately $25,000,000. Trained employes put out the fires.

Union Freight Stations for Manhattan

THE Port Authority of New York, having on its hands the improvement of transportation facilities for the greatest port in the world, is considering the establishment of nine or more union freight stations in Manhattan, open to all shippers and all railroads. It is believed that this will release forty-three additional Manhattan piers for ocean and coastwise shipping.

Diamond Mines in Arkansas

ONLY one-twentieth as rich as the diamond mines of South Africa, the diamond mines in Arkansas are nevertheless important. The South African mines go down a mile into the earth while the Arkansas mines go down only two hundred feet; but in the Arkansas mines one diamond w’as found which was worth over $5,000 uncut, and 3,000 stones were taken out in one year. The average weight of the Arkansas diamonds is small, running only about a carat apiece.

Racing a Cyclone in Texas

JN TEXAS they .have originated a new sport.

An aviator was carrying a lady passenger from San Antonio to Orange. As he got opposite Beaumont he ran across a cyclone going In the same general direction. He raced it successfully for about half an hour, ducked to the ground and within a minute after he had his passenger alighted the machine was blown into a barbed wire fence and smashed to smithereens. It is not known whether or not this sport will become popular, but it must be admitted that it is interesting anyway. In some respects it resembles the efforts to keep house with our depreciated currency.

Cathedpal of St. John the Divine

IN THE new cathedral of St. John the Divine, among the pictures that are intended to draw the worshipers to higher things is a wrestling match in which the original slugging method has been toned down somewhat. According to the New York Times f “in the new picture the figure on the left is shown receiving both punches and drawing back his right to counter.” The Bishop is said to be very well pleased with these pictures. They must be very uplifting and encouraging, especially to prizefighters and Wrestlers.

Encouragement for the Scribblers

A PROFESSOR in the University of Pittsburgh has come forth with a dictum that Will make him beloved by all poor writers. He Bays, “Intelligent people think twenty times faster than they can write, and therefore muscular movement is so far behind the activity of the brain that the result is a poor scrawl.” What a relief this is to some of us! We knew it all the time, but we did not like to say so. Cheer up. You can write as you like now, and if anybody reproves you for poor penmanship you can lift your chin and look him in the eye and calmly tell him that this is merely one more proof of your innately superior intelligence.

Open Sewers Around New York

A JOINT legislative committee which has been investigating the subject says that New York City must soon do something modern and adequate in respect to sewage and garbage 'disposal. Trainloads of food are brought into New York every day and all of this food goes into the harbor in the form of sewage or garbage. The condition is growing intolerable. All the rivers and inlets about the harbor are filled with sewage. In some places the contamination of the bay and harbor waters is eight feet deep. Bathing in clean waters anywhere near New York is now well nigh impossible. It is time for old Father Knickerbocker to wake up.

Jesus Christ Died for All

SOME of the newspapers are carrying advertisements that “Jesus Christ Died for All”, and yet they want 30,000 people to come forward and give them $975,000 so that they can save some. It would seem to suggest itself to almost anybody that if a great and wise and good God could and did provide for the redemption of all, He could and did make arrangements for the complete success of His plan without asking anybody to beg for Him. And, besides, if the 30,000 people each gave up their quota, how do we know that God would ever get the $975,000? The advertisers call themselves “The Catholic Church Extension Society of the U. S. A." '

Was Peter Ever Pope?

ANSWERING this important question in The Fellowship Forum a writer says:

Peter never celebrated mass, nor did he hear confession; he never directed a soul to pray to Mary nor to the saints, nor to use beads; he never advocated the use of holy water and scapulars, and old bones; he never ordered’ the people to abstain from meat on Fridays and during Lent; he never declared that priests and nuns should not marry; he never lived in a palace with soldiers to guard him and hundreds of servants to supply his every want. Why did he not do these things? Because he never was pope.

Answering Doctor Pollen-s Question

AT THE Bridgeport Armory, Dr. Andrew ' Fallen, editor of the “Catholic Encyclopedia”, lecturing to two thousand Catholics, said that the World War was due to that bad monk, Martin Luther, who fell away from the faith and took a nation with him. Then he asks, “Do you think that we would have had the war if the pope had been guardian of the Christian nations?” Our. answer to the question is Yes. Those years in which the popes reigned supreme were the bloodiest years in human history. Not infrequently the popes have actually provoked wars. Their record is not a record making for peace but for bloodshed.

Biskop Advocates Anarchy

THE Bishop of Monterey, Mexico, has issued a so-called pastoral letter in which he urges the people in his diocese to resist the sections of the Mexican constitution relating to religion. How can the people of a country be expected to be law-abiding when their religious teachers incite them to contempt for and disobedience to the highest established law of the land? The natural outcome of this vicious meddling is liable to be a religious war* and it may even spread to the United States. The people will not be ruled by any collection of priests, and that is flat.

Mexico for the Mexicans

BATTLING for the restoration of rights taken from them when the pope ’gave their country to the Spaniards, the Mexicans now have laws under which, hereafter, no alien may acquire landed property within sixty miles of any frontier or thirty miles of any seacoast. ‘Aliens now possessed of such property may retain it until death but after death the property must within five years be sold to Mexicans. The effect of this legislation will be to make all persons owning property in Mexico become MexiT cans. It is sure to work out for the welfare of the country and its rapid development. It is a similar policy which has made the United States of America what it is today.

Industrial Life in Guatemala

THE Guatemalan dictator has had a law passed which makes strikes illegal, and punishable by eight years imprisonment. The penalty for inducing a strike breaker to quit work is two years in jail. The enforcement of the law is in the hands of the military. This is Fascism, a relapse to slavery, with a vengeance.

Japan May Colonize Upper Brazil

THE Japanese people are reported to be greatly interested in an offer by the Brazil- ’ ian government of a great tract of land, half the size of the state of Pennsylvania, near the head waters of the Amazon. The climate is excellent, the soil rich and productive. It is our expectation that the Japanese will accept this offer and we believe it will be a good thing for them and for the advancement of civilization and progress if they do so.

The Burning of British Mansions

ALL Britain, and for that matter all the world, is concerned over the series of fires which are destroying the great houses of the land. The fires, of which sixteen have been reported in a very brief time, occur at widely separated points, always at a distance from fire fighting apparatus, and frequently with considerable loss of life. .

Britain Still Has Plenty of Money

THE fact that Britain still has plenty of money is evidenced by the fact that the drink bill for last year, 1925, was $1,500,000,000. This was more than three times the amount expended for education and, in fact, was considerably more than the sum total expended for education, unemployment, poor law relief, national health insurance and old age pensions. In the liquor drinking families the average expenditure for the year was close to $200 for the liquor consumed.

Europe Arming for War

DISPATCHES from Europe show that millions of dollars have been expended for munitions since the first of the year. The total is already far into the hundreds of millions. The only nation not buying heavily is said to be Sweden. Germany is prohibited from either making or importing implements of war.

Europe Jealous of America’s Wealth

THEY have been having debates in the British

Parliament, in which America has been freely criticized all around for wanting the repayment of the billions that were loaned in good faith to Europe in time of stress. In all the speeches there have been frequent allusions to America’s boundless wealth. Britain, it is said, must pay the United States $500,000 a day for three generations in order to repay what she borrowed. Perhaps some may feel inclined to say that America did not have to lend it, but those who remember the methods that were used in forcing these loans out of the American people will not share the view. In the Parliament they say, justly, that France’s record in the matter of repaying what she has borrowed, or at least trying to repay it, is one of the most discreditable in the history of national finance. It can be set down as certain that France will never pay what she owes.

154 Miles an Hour by Auto

RITAIN’S most famous motorist has a new twelve cylinder racing car that has put all others in the shade. On the sands at Southport he went at 154 miles per hour. Striking a little elevation in the sand the car jumped fifty-four feet, rising- eighteen inches off the ground. The car is too rapid for use on highways, and is intended only for use as a racer.

En Route to Devil’s Island

RANCE has the honor, if such it be, of having the worst penal colony in the world.

France has the honor, if such it be, of having the only prison ship afloat. On that ship, according to the captain, hot steam from ten pumps would be pumped into the cages of the doomed prisoners if they should make any outcry, while a special torture chamber is available for those who need more severe treatment. Has France any real claim to be called a civilized country? Her Devil’s Island penal camp in French Guiana is admittedly the worst prison camp on earth. The prison ship has just gone there with 340 more poor men consigned to the living death which awaits them.

Vatican Kept Germany Out of League

THE London Daily News claims that it has the best of reasons to understand that it was not the influence of Mussolini with Brazil that kept Germany out of the League, but that it was the influence of the pope himself, who is peeved because he was not given admission to the League councils in 1919. The News goes on to say that the pope, not having been able to gain admission to the League, is now showing that he has at least some ability as a wreck-fer, and found Brazil willing to do the work.

Matteotti Murderers Practically Free

IT IS true that three of the cowardly murderers of the Italian Socialist Deputy and Patriot, Matteotti, were given sentences of six years each, after a trial which was more in the nature of a friendly visit than anything else; but by means of a special amnesty decree of the king the three men will be at liberty in a tew weeks—and Mussolini and his friends hope that the world will forget the incident, but it won’t.

Berlin to Tokio by Air

ISPATCHES from Washington state the intention of Germany to put on this summer an air mail line to Vladivostock and thence to Tokio, following the line of the Trans-Siberian Railway. It is expected that the planes will travel day and night, and make the trip from Berlin to Tokio in two and one-half days, as against the present time of two weeks by rail.

Russian Wives Go on Strike

T) USSIA has developed something new un-•*-V der the sun. In the village of Vertyevka all the women in town went on strike because the men were in the habit of beating them too often and too much. They drew up a paper, which all the men of the town signed, demanding that they have better treatment henceforth.

Commerce and Finance Not Frightened

UNDER the general heading of Russia the well-known financial journal Commerce and Finance makes the following rather remarkable statement: “If the information given in the Commercial Handbook of the Soviet Socialist Republics issued by the Russian Information Bureau at Washington, be as reliable as it is interesting, Russia may yet give the world some valuable economic lessons.” This should make some of the Red howlers of a few years back rub their eyes.

Authorizes Printing of Russian Bibles

DISPATCHES say that the Soviet Government has authorized the American Bible Society to print Russian editions of the Bible in the government printing offices at Moscow and Leningrad. The Society will provide new plates in which the spelling of words will conform to the new government requirements.

Humanity Low in Vitality

IN THE World War it was found in Great Britain that out of every nine men only three were fit and healthy, two were definitely infirm in health and strength, three were incapable of undergoing more than a very moderate physical exertion, and one was a chronic invalid. Earth’s new King, Christ Jesus, will correct all this and restore man to what he was at the beginning.

Disease and Its Cure

WHAT is disease? The dictionary says, “(1) A disturbed or abnormal physiological action in the living organism; (2) a morbid condition resulting from such disturbance.”

The human body is a' machine, a wonderful machine, that stands much abuse, but repairs itself if given an opportunity. But when it is so badly out of order that it cannot do so, death results. To illustrate; a cut or bruise may start a flow of blood. Now if the flow is stopped the arteries bring along the elements of a new skin and repair it so skilfully that one can hardly see where the break occurred.

Not only do the arteries bring along the repair material, but the veins carry back the waste material and, taking these poisons to the lungs, burn them up if you breathe air full of lifegiving oxygen. The product of the combustion is exhaled as poisonous carbon dioxide.

There is no great mystery in the healing of sickness, or rather the repair of the human machine damaged by carelessness. The food taken into the mouth and properly masticated, moistened and partially dissolved by the saliva, which flows only when chewing the food, passes on to the stomach, where another solvent (gastric juice) still further emulsifies the mass; and then it passes through the pylorus, the gate at the bottom of the stomach, into the duodenum or small intestine. There two more solvents or ferments are supplied—the bile from the liver •and the pancreatic juice from the pancreas— and soon the lacteals absorb certain portions called “chyle”, just as a carpenter selects his lumber for building purposes.

The kind of food we eat, the proper proportions of each, are the important things to build up these bodies. The lacteals deliver the chyle, by way of the thoracic duct, to the veins at the left side of the neck, and then through the heart and lungs, where it is oxygenized, after which it is carried to every part of the body by the arteries to build flesh, bone, finger nails, etc. Then the veins bring back the wornout material to be burned up.

If we want bright red blood in our arteries to do the rebuilding, let us see that we furnish the proper material in the proper proportions, so that the organs of the body can operate in harmony with each other; in other word's, possess good health.

Now let us suppose the machine is out of

By J. F. Dodge (Dietician)

order with constipation: First, an enema may be necessary to remove the waste material; then the proper food should be supplied, and in. ordinary cases this is sufficient. A gentle laxative, not a cathartic, may be necessary in some cases. A cathartic weakens the muscles of the intestines. Food laxatives are best.

The devitamizing and demineralizing of wheat in the roller mills, the polishing of rice, and the pasteurizing of milk and other foods, are responsible for nearly all the physical ills of humanity today. For over 6,000 years these machines have been repairing and oiling themselves ; and just as in a Ford the engine is the important part, so with the engine of the body, the heart, the motive power behind every movement.

There is no modern improved method over the method used since creation. Electrical waves stimulate some of the organs to greater activity and perhaps enable them to throw off some waste matter; but they have no constructive ability, cannot build cells or repair the machine. Without proper food these palliatives, giving temporary benefits, would be of little use. The “life is in the blood”; and this will go on circulating all over us, into every part of the body, giving new life and vigor to every part, if proper food is supplied.

Your heart like mine may be nearly worn out, but by relieving it of much needless work that it used to do when I was foolish in my eating, I am getting along much better than I did in my former course of life. It has been doing hard work for nearly sixty-eight years.

What is here written is not theory, unsupported by facts, but knowledge gained by years of experience and study of foods and feeding, and the application’ of such knowledge, not to some other person but to my own organism. It was an old, badly worn machine that I had to work with. Tobacco and coffee for about thirty years, together with sorrow and death of loved ones, etc., nearly stalled the old engine, the heart. After I had quit tobacco, the M. D.s started me on what I called a “strychnine diet”, beginning with one-sixteenth grain, two or three times a day, and after a while one-thirtieth grain many times a day. I always carried them in my pocket with other drugs, for emergencies.

One day, fourteen years ago, a friend looked me over and asked if I would like to get wed.

I doubted his ability to show me how, but was willing to do anything at that time for improvement. Two months was sufficient to show me that proper food (with certain other accessories) was what I needed; so I have kept it up. After losing fifty pounds of useless flesh I got well, and have kept well ever since. Naturally, with advancing age I find it a little difficult at times to keep up my strength, though I study my diet carefully and keep going. When the heart is weak all the muscles of the body are weak, including those of the internal organs; hence careful treatment of these faithful servants for many years is important.

I am glad that I am living, and that I can pass on to others the knowledge that I have gained by my experience. Some will not heed and will reach an untimely death. However I wish to “do good to all men as I have opportunity” and try to follow the Master’s injunction: “As ye would that others do unto you, do ye even so unto them.” Daily I thank my Heavenly Father for His favor, and for the dear friend used by Him in bringing me back to health.

Child Management

TO THE child the parent should be companion, friend, and confidant. The parent whose little child brings all his troubles and doubts to him for solution has established a relationship of tremendous value. This can never be brought about if the parent’s attitude is cold and repelling. A mother who is too busy to bother with a little child’s nonsense will never be bothered with his real problems.

A child should be treated with as much courtesy as an adult. Children have affairs and plans of their own which they are following. These plans are frequently utterly disregarded by the “grown-ups”. If they must be interfered with, let it be with some explanation and consideration for the children.

The small daughter of a young couple was playing contentedly on the hearth by her father’s feet when her mother called from upstairs for her to come to bed. Two or three minutes more and Betty could have completed the task she had in hand; and had mother known this, she would have waited before calling her. With quivering chin and eyes filled with tears Betty turned to her father saying, “But, Daddy, I don’t want to go. I want to finish.”

Father could see the little girl’s point, and his answer was, “That’s too bad, Betty. Mother didn’t know how near through you were, or she - would have let you finish; but never mind, ‘orders is orders,’ so run off to bed." And off she went. In this way he showed that he sympathized with her in her disappointment and that he expected her to meet it bravely, and he also considerably upheld the mother in her request

It might here be said that one of the fundamental rules of child training should be that

By Dr. D. A. Thom

parents present a united front to the child. If differences in judgment occur, let them be settled in private.

There is no finer or more important job than being a parent. This generation or the next will not handle it perfectly. There is a great deal to learn, but much will be accomplished if the approach to the problems of childhood is not blocked nor impeded by anger, fear, oversolicitude, or the idea that being a parent means at all times being obeyed. Kindness, common sense, and an effort to understand the child’s own attitude toward his difficulties will do much to bring about an intelligent solution for most of the problems.

Some parents greatly fear that their children will get hurt (which, by the way, is not an unreasonable fear in the crowded tenement sections) or that they will associate with children of undesirable neighbors and perhaps pick up profane or obscene language. Even so, it may be better to take a chance than to cripple a child’s life by allowing him no opportunities to learn independence and develop initiative. The child who is closely tied to mother’s apron strings is deprived of all chance of really learning how to live with his neighbors. When the time comes to break the home ties and enter school he is lacking in strength and courage. This lack may handicap him through life.

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