Golden Age, June 17, 1925

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Contents of the Golden Age

W--

Social and Educational ’

Items of World News . ■ . . . : . . . .

Salvador Draws the Color Line ..........

... .Pathetic Condition of Russian Nobility.....

Great Enthusiasm in Palestine ........

Horrible Conditions in Memphis .......

Items of Interest from our Canadian Correspondent Items of Interest from oub Bp.itisii Correspondent The John Brown Rebellion' '.........

. 579

Figures for

Los Angeles

New Type

Finance—Commerce—Transportation

Stockmen ..............

Saves All its Taxes.........

of Vessel.............

585:

Trade Repression in Europe The Great Illinois Tornado - -Difficulties of Cotton Ginning

593 ■ ■ •

595. _•

Political—Domestic and Foreign

Personalities in Parliament .

: 579 ’

. 580 580-. . 583

•583' 590 -

Peru Disturbed over Coolidge Award ....... How the Dawes Plan Originated . .......

German Fleet Being Raised .....• ......

In and Out of the Nation’s Capital . . . . ’ . . . Siam Has the Best Paid King . . .

The South African Native at Home ... ... ... Do We Want an American Dictator?.......

' Science and Invention

Uses of Carbon Dioxide Gas

594 ■ ■

A Green Carnation ........... "Eve’s Picture Snake Discovered” . . . . . Golden Age Whole Wheat Bread . . . . . Radios Heard in Alaska .........

Religion and Philosophy

Whoopee—Bargains in Masses I ...... The Manufacture op Sins in Ireland . . . , Peace and Good Will ....... . . ,

597-597 598

In the Resurrection Where Will You Be? ■ . Studies in "The Harp of God” .......

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Golden Age

Volume VI

Brooklyn, N.Y,, Wednesday, June 17, 1925 Number 150

Items of World News

[Radiocast, with other items, from Watchtower WBBR on a wave length of 272.6 meters, by the Editor]

Persistent A ttacks on the A retie

Captain Roald Amundsen, Discoverer of the

South Pole, determined to discover the North Pole also, and flew by airplane from Spitzbergen late last month. The fate of the explorer is unknown up to the time of our going to press. Other expeditions are headed in the same direction, among them the MacMillan American expedition. Knud Rasmussen, the Danish explorer, has just returned from the Arctic regions, where he spent three and one-half years collecting Eskimo folk lore.

Predicts Another World War

THE New York Times represents Romain Rolland, noted French author arid pacifist, as saying, “I believe that the war has not taught the governments anything, and unless a miracle occurs, which we cannot expect, we are marching with great strides toward a new war that will surpass in duration and intensity that of 1914-18. It is no longer a question of a duel between France and Germany, which henceforth . passes to the background. It will be a question of an enormous struggle between the European and Asiatic races. The Asiatic races will go with Russia, and the European races will undoubtedly go with the United States of America. This gigantic conflict has been in preparation for half a century.”

Peru Disturbed over Coolidge Award

NEWS from the United States that President Coolidge had decided that a plebiscite must be held in Tacna-Arica to determine whether it shall belong to Peru or to Chile, so angered the common people of Peru that a great crowd stormed the palace at Lima. The guns were trained upon the rioters and 120 were killed. All mention of the riot was forbidden by the Peruvian authorities and the details are only Bow coming to light.

Buenos Aires Listens to Pittsburgh

ATTEMPTS to broadcast between Pittsburgh and Buenos Aires on March 30th proved a complete success. The broadcasting was done from KDKA. At first the volume of sound was too great and the Buenos Aires newspaper La Nation asked that the music and speaking be modulated. :

A Plague of Scorpions in Mexico

THE New York Tribune reports that in Durango, Mexico, there is a fatal plague of scorpions which has reached dangerous proportions. Several deaths have occurred.

Eastern England Gradually Sinking

DURING the past four years, on one stretch of the British east coast only 50 miles long, 35 villages have been abandoned. The ocean is advancing at the rate of 15 to 20 feet a year and there does not seem to be any possible way of preventing it. This part of England is gradually sinking into the sea, while their west coast is rising.

Personalities in Parliament

THE British parliament recently spent a day discussing the proposition that the only solution of present ills is the social ownership and democratic control of the staple industries and the banking system. In the discussion a Tory leader remarked that there were Russians in the city and that their appearance did not create much confidence. A Labor leader retorted, ‘'They are as good looking as some of your foreigners. Look at your king and queen —its not so long since they came from Germany”, thus reminding his hearers that it is only recently that the German family name, Wet-tin, was abandoned for the English name of Windsor. It is but a little time since the German tongue was chiefly spoken at Windsor.

Salvador Draws the Color Line

THE Republic of Salvador has drawn the color line and henceforth the entry of all colored races into the republic is forbidden.

Vienna Girls Show War Strain

VIENNA girls show the strain which has been brought upon them by the horrible war and post-war conditions. The New York Times reports that 55 percent of the Vienese girls quitting school between 14 and 15 years of age are physically unable to work for a living, and that 18 percent of them have tuberculosis.

France’s New War Monsters

THE London Daily News reports that the French government is to build new cruisers of 17,500 tons capacity, with a speed equal to 39 miles per hour, and an armament such that they can easily run down and sink any of the 10,000 ton cruisers now being built by Great Britain, the United States or Japan.

Where the Ballast Saved the Ship

THE great British airship R-33 was saved from destruction when it had its nose pulled out by the roots in the great storm and was sent drifting over the North Sea. The thing that saved it from immediate or subsequent destruction was that it had two pairs of artillery wheels hanging at its stern, each of which weighed half a ton. After a most plucky fight of thirty hours the crew brought the great ship safely back to her aerdrome. Without the swinging artillery wheels the great airship would have gone head-first into the sea. Airships were not made to travel far with the whole front part torn off and hanging in rags.

How the Dawes Plan Originated

AT AN address before the School of Business of Columbia University, Lewis E. Pierson, chairman of the Irving Bank, declared that the Dawes plan originated two years ago at a meeting of the International Chamber of Commerce held in Rome. He added, “If, as we all expect, the Dawes plan proves successful, the business organizations of the world may take to themselves credit for finding the method of evolving a plan to solve the post-war problem after the statesmen who approached it from a purely political viewpoint, failed to find the solution.”

Herriot’s Government Goes to the Wall

TpRANCE’S bonds arc coming due. The peo-pie are in no mood to renew them. They want their money, so that they can ship it out of the country. To meet the situation Mr. Herriot wanted to make a capital levy. The senate voted no confidence, and the whole ministry resigned. Herriot took his defeat good naturedly and with smiles. After resigning, he drove away in the chauffeur’s seat of his automobile, amid popular applause.

Recent Progress in Radio

ON SUNDAY, February 8, a two-way .wireless telephone conversation was carried on between a person in Hampstead, London, England, and some person in the middle West in the United States. This experiment indicates that transoceanic telephony is surely coming soon. Meantime underground and undersea radio communication has been conducted between the two continents.

German Fleet Being Raised

HD HE German fleet, treacherously sunk at -*■ Scapa Flow at the close of the war to prevent it from falling into the hands of the allies, is being rapidly brought to the surface. By the operation of a German invention seven of the great vessels have already been raised. A dozen more large vessels still lie at the bottom of the bay.

Czecho-Slovakia Shares Denmark’s Shame

IT HAS just been brought to light that Czechoslovakia, the central state of Central Europe, and in many ways one of the most progressive countries on the continent, shares with Denmark the disgrace of a state lottery. A wifemurderer, imprisoned for life, has just drawn the chief prize, one million crowns. This sum has been set aside for his son.

Bigotry and Superstition Cause a Death

TN LUZIANI, Poland, a girl of twenty eloped.

She returned shortly with her husband, hut in the meantime the villagers had been misinformed that a Jewish family had killed the girl to make Matzos. They attacked this family with such fury that one of the family, a little girl of eleven years of age, died from the beatings and the fright. ' :

Churchill’s Old Age Pension Proposals

Winston Churchill, Chancellor of the Exchequer under the present Tory British Government, has proposed old age pensions, giving $2.50 weekly for life, to widows, and $1.00 per week to each of her children; at the age of 65 all persons become eligible to the pension of $2.50 per week, without inquiry into their private means. 30,000,000 Britons are affected.

Mussolini Takes More Power

TT WOULD be hard to see how any one man -L could arrogate to himself more power than Mr. Mussolini has done, but he has managed within the past few weeks to make himself Interim Minister of War, Interim Minister of Air and now most recently has also become Interim Minister of Navy. Besides being Prime Minister these additional offices ought to satisfy him for a while.

Pope Blesses Five Cases of Merchandise

THE Catholic publication Our Sunday Visitor of Huntington, Indiana, contains an advertisement of certain parties who have on hand five cases of rosaries, of which they are willing to dispose on certain terms that will be made known to inquirers. The statement of the advertisers is that these rosaries, amounting in number to 28,800, were duly blessed at the Vatican, by the Pope himself, on March 31, 1924. ,We hope these rosaries will bring their wearers no bad luck, but we recall that a previous Pope blessed the Spanish fleet only a short time before Admiral Schley sent it to the bottom of the sea.

How About Bibles in Russia?

THE Chicago Tribune prints a story that the Soviet Government sold a large quantity of Russian Bibles to a Bishop of the American Methodist Episcopal Church, and that these Bibles doubtless really belonged to the British and Foreign Bible Society, which sent them into Russia only to have them seized as contraband. Three days later the New York Times published a dispatch from London that Bibles are contraband in Russia. Evidently the Soviet Government has some sort of an understanding with the Methodist Church by w’hich it is granted certain liberties in Russia not extended to others.

Mr. Hughes’ Most Unpopular Act

NO DOUBT the most unpopular act of the entire official career of Charles E. Hughes was his responsibility for the gagging of the Hungarian patriot Karolyi, who came here to visit his wife in her illness. It is popularly believed that the gag was applied at the behest of the Hungarian minister, Count Szechenyi, who married Gladys Vanderbilt. It was a foolish piece of business, for Karolyi had his full say in Montreal, and his interview was published in all the American newspapers, and there was nothing he had to say which wras not already known in America by those in touch with the political situation in Hungary. There is no liberty in Hungary, and Mr. Hughes knows it well.

Hungarians Destroy Useless Finery

K MOST unusual occurrence happened recent-VA.. ]y jn a Hungarian town with the unpro-pitious name of Mezoekoevesd. The people became convinced that they were expending more for finery, in the shape of gold and silver brocades, beads and other ornaments, than they could afford. After prolonged public discussion of the matter, they solemnly met and destroyed sixty huge baskets of these materials and avowed their purpose to return to the simple life of their ancestors.

The Declasse in Russia

Moses Eistenstadt, formerly a rabbi in Petrograd, now a rabbi in Boston, tells that in Russia those who are declared to be declasse are deprived of citizenship and of all political rights, must pay special taxes when and as desired, may not send their children to higher schools or colleges, and even orphans of the declasse may not be admitted to the orphan asylums. All professional men not employed by the Government are declasse and in the Ukraine alone there are 100,000 Jews who have been declared declasse, and are in a hopeless condition.

Soviet Gradually Abandoning Communism

THE New York Times contains a dispatch from Berlin stating that the Soviet government has decided to return all factories and some two thousand apartment houses to their original owners, having found that they can not be run at a profit by the Soviet administra-

tiom' The'Soviet claims technical ownership but leases-fthe ' property to' owners ' indefinitely. Taxes are remitted for three years to enable the restoration of the properties to usable conditions. ' ' ' ' ' ■

Pathetic Condition, of Russian Nobility ' WHATEVER we may think of nobility as an institution, none can but be moved to sympathy for the Russians who fled from their country to escape the Bolsheviki. Unused to working for a living, many of them can find nothing to do. Too noble-minded to beg, or even to become a burden on those situated like themselves, great numbers have suicided as the only way-out of their troubles. One of the prominent princesses thus died recently.

In a Living Tomb for Ten Years ' ■ ■

NEAR Vilna, Russia, early in the World War, a provision storehouse of the Russian army was destroyed by an explosion. After ten years the ruins were being cleared when, to the infinite surprise of the diggers, they came upon a'former employee of the storehouse, deaf, blind,• ragged,Unshaven, who had existed all this time on' the supplies which surrounded him- at the time of his burial, lie died three days after his rescue. ' ' ' '

Great Enthusiasm in Palestine ’ u ■

WHEN the President Arthur, the first ship of the American-Palestinian line, left New York on March 12, on its initial trip to Palestine, it seemed as if the whole East Side of New York was trying to get on the pier to bid the ship Godspeed. A demonstration, exactly like it in enthusiasm, was staged on the vessel’s arrival in Palestine. The crowds were so great that it was with difficulty that the passengers were landed. Prominent Jews who had turned against Zionism a few years ago are now returning to the Zionist fold in flocks.

Balfour Has-a Wild Time in Damascus

TNDIGNANT at Earl Balfour for his espousal -L of Zionism, the Arabs of Damascus cut short his visit there with displays of mob violence; this would have resulted disastrously but for the protection afforded by the French military authorities. Earl Balfour escaped'safely to a steamer-bound for Egypt. At some of the New York synagogues the rabbis offered prayers of

thanksgiving to Jehovah for the Earl’s safe return to England. ;

Moslem Women Removing the Veil ' - ■'

WHILE Western, women are happy in their liberties the women of the East are only now beginning to taste some of the real joys of living. Here and there the women are laying aside the veils which, from time immemorial, have hidden their features from view and de-' prived them of proper freedom and fresh air. The movement has extended from Turkey to Persia. In some places jealous husbands have attacked the. unveiled women, but for the most part the Governmental authorities have protected them, and the veil is bound to go. It has had its day. . . i .

Modern Methods of Archaeology _ " "

WHEN the wall of an ancient temple is brought to. light, the. modern method of . preserving its hieroglyphs, which soon perish when exposed to the atmosphere, is to first take-large sized photographs of the walls, then-separate photographs .of each area measuring live, by seven inches. From these the final drawings are made and the results incorporated in books/ Students of archaeology have in these books as. nearly a perfect record of these ancient writings as the ingenuity of man can provide.

Disgraceful Scenes in India .

BIBLE Students are -well aware that certaiit professedly Christian movements are merely offshoots of demonism. Writing of one such movement, styled the Pentecostal mission, an intelligent gentleman in India says: “The meetings are the most disorderly I have found. Men and women shake, falling on the ground and continuing to shake, in meagre native dress. The sight is horrible! Native women, not sufficiently clad, jump up, shaking their loose garbs in public. Respectable men close their eyes. One of our young men grew wild-mad after ‘tarrying foi’ the spirit’. Native heathen say, ‘We never thought Christian folks had such wild and horrible demonstrations in their worship”; Some educated Hindus have said to me: TA there not in this the wild spirits torturing and twisting poor victims, so that they yell out- and cry in unintelligible sounds? Is it really Christian? It is the same heathen thing we have.’”

In and Out of the Nation’s Capital By J. L. Bolling

A CUT in the government pay-roll has been suggested by President Coolidge. Since July 1, 1913, it is solemnly averred that all Federal employees have been receiving an increase in salaries of $614 per year, and that this has more than kept pace with the constantly mounting cost of living. The President may have been misinformed as to the facts.

What is the truth? Just this: On the date mentioned, according to the Department of Labor, the average salary of all government workers was $1,134; on July 1, 1924, it was $1,749, an increase of fifty-four percent. Living costs have jumped, in the meantime, to sixty-seven percent. Before the war, the salaries of government employees had not been increased for eighty years. The war brought increased prices; and consequently Congress granted a bonus of $240 per annum for all receiving as much as $2,500. There are 66,000 employees of the government in Washington. Perhaps not less than 55,000 of these are paid not more than $265 a year above the amount received before the war. Thus it will be seen that most of the increase goes into the pay envelope of the favored 10,000. Doubtless many in the service who receive a mere pittance will be dropped from the payroll as a result of the President’s suggestion, while the employees who have “political pull” will remain securely ensconced.

The League of Nations is composed of two non-Catholic delegates from Japan and England, and the remainder is Catholic, according to recent reports, which are absolutely reliable. The Secretariat of the World Court is a Catholic. The majority of the delegates, of course, are strongly in favor of giving their power and strength to the Pope by making him President of the League. Trying to understand the League Covenant is a harder task than one might suppose, from a casual reading of that document. In the Patent Office is the original mode1' vf the Paige type-setting machine.' Two mechanics went crazy, fooling with it. Its counterpart is found in the League Covenant, with its infinite intricacies and bewildering labyrinth of complexities. It is a standing momument to the fact that we are in a time of great perplexity, if nothing else; and it is a wonder all the students of that Covenant are not in the lunatic asylum. ■

The scientists in Washington are elated over the success of their observations during the recent eclipse of the sun. Photographs taken at the Naval Observatory disclosed several medium spots on the sun’s surface. It is explained that these are tornadoes on the sun’s immense surface—an appalling vortex in which “whirling electricity-charged” particles “produce an intense magnetic field, and have a direct relation to electrical storms on the earth and the northern lights.” It is thought that the observations may lead to the correction of small inaccuracies in the position of the moon with reference to the planet. A large “spectrum photograph” of the outer atmosphere of the sun, it is thought, will show that it contains helium, hydrogen and calcium. The “spectral analysis” of the sun reveals the interesting fact that the temperature there is so great that iron would “boil away like water and that the solar light emanates from a body yet hotter than the vapor of the iron”.

A new type of airplane is being tested out at Bolling Field by Air Service officers. It is the first of its kind ever constructed in this country, and is said to operate successfully on the sea, in the air or on land. It is similar in appearance to a seaplane, and is run by a Liberty motor which is installed upside down. It has a four-blade propeller, carries a pilot and observer; and has wheels which can be folded up into the hull by a lever located in the cockpit, when desiring to land in the water. This invention, it is expected, will be used in military service.

For some time there has been much agitation and discussion over the proposed development of Great Falls on the Potomac near Washington. The development of this project would supply cheap light and power to the Capital and vicinity, if properly developed; but the Power Trust, as usual, is violently opposed to the measure. Fresh discussion has been aroused in Congress by the introduction of a bill by Representative Zihlman of Maryland, providing for “the improvement of the Potomac River and the development of hydro-electrical power at Great Falls”. Whether the proposition materializes favorably for the people remains io be seen. • '

According to the Department of Commerce, the Africans are becoming “civilized”. “American silks are making flappers out of the South African farmer’s daughters,” it avers. We quote: ’

“Twenty-five years ago the Boer farmer crawled over the African veldt in his oxcart; and his womenfolk, in homespun garments, laboriously drew up water for the stock from the well. Today, American windmills dot the veldt; American motorcars, like beetles, pass from farm to farm; and the women are going in for American silk hosiery and underwear. American types of agricultural implements are suitable to the South African soil, and they are popular. They have the promise of an expanding market, but German competition is coming back strong. If German goods are inferior, their prices are lower. British imports with their preferential tariff of three percent, of course, have a certain advantage, but probably do not greatly affect the trade. Imports of agricultural implements into South Africa from the United States in 1923 were valued at $1,463,000 as compared with $622,000 in 1922, an increase of about 110 percent.”

There are 38,815 motorcars in that region, according to the same authority, ninety-five percent of which are American made. Verily, “the world do move” in this wonderful age.

A visit to the Supreme Court Room in the Capitol recalls a bit of scientific history. Prof. Morse, the inventor of the telegraph, told Washington officials in 1843 that “communication by wire” would “with certainty be established across the Atlantic Ocean”. “Startling as this may now seem,” he stated, “I am confident the time will come when this project will be realized.” He lived to see this begun in ’58 and completed in ’66. The Lord used this man, without a doubt, and probably put it into his mind and heart to make these predictions. Morse had a full-orbed faith and confidence in the Lord, and gave God the credit for his marvelous achievement in the memorable utterance taken from Numbers 23: 23: “What hath God wrought!” sending this message over the wire from Washington to Baltimore, and thus honoring the Lord’s Word with “first passage” over the newly-constructed system—the forerunner of many others, as present-day developments attest.

In the Spring of 1844 travelers on their way from Baltimore to Washington, saw a party of men occupied with the work of putting up several lines of copper wire on a row of lofty poles which extended between the two cities. Tt wu the first telegraph line ever built on this earth.

After four long years of weary waiting, the great inventor had finally secured an appropriation of thirty thousand dollars from Congress “for the purpose of proving that a message could be sent by electricity a distance of forty-miles”. On the morning of May 24, 1844, Prof.' Morse sat down at the instrument placed in the Supreme Court Room in the Capitol at Washington. Many of the high officials of the Government were present in person. It was a momentous occasion! He pressed the key of the instrument with his finger. The question uppermost in the minds of everyone present was, Would it work? Would the message go through? Or would Morse’s cherished scheme prove a failure, and himself become the subject of ridicule? No: instantly the waiting operator at Baltimore received the message, and it was sent back in understandable, audible code: “What hath God wrought!”

In one minute the sacred words of Prophecy had traversed a circuit of eighty miles. When they were read aloud in the Court Room, we are told, “a thrill of awe ran through those who reverently listened; it seemed as though the finger of God, not man, had written the message.” Ah! it was both fitting and proper that it should be so! The whole procedure; the selection of the inventor; the setting for the reception of the first message; the choice of the words spoken; the reverence of those privileged to be present; and the impression that “the finger of God, not man, had written the message,” convinces one that the Almighty supervised it. Truly, “the fool hath said in his heart, There is no God.”

A celebration was held in honor of Professor Morse, in 1871, in New York, and the original' instrument invented by him was on exhibit, and -. connected by wire with all the ten thousand instruments then in use in the United States. A signal was given, and at that moment, a message from the inventor was flashed like lightning throughout the country, and was read simultaneously in every city and in most of the towns of the nation, all the way from New York to New Orleans and San Francisco. “Thought had conquered space,” as one expressed it; “and it was to make its next conquest in a wholly different direction,” referring to the later utilization of the ether in radio communication. Verily we have entered the Day of His Preparation!

Figures for Stockmen

The. Department of Agriculture states that the value of all live stock on farms and ranges of this country on Jan. 1 was $4,834,512,000, a decrease in value of $72,075,000, or 1.5 percent, from that of a year ago. The most striking feature of the estimate, however, was the statement that there has been a reduction in the number of hogs by approximately 12,000,-000, in comparison with the same figures Jan. 1,1924. According to the same report, there are 17,589,000 horses, 5,411,000 mules, 25,319,-000 milk cows, 39,134,000 sheep, and 39,609,000 other cattle in the United States. All of these show a decrease of 470,000; 35,000; 35,000; 2,-111,000; and 11,896,000 respectively, excluding the sheep which increased 834,000; or a decrease in value of $56,666,000; $22,341,000; $22,341,-000; and $75,406,000, for the horses, mules, cows and other cattle, respectively; and $71,454,000 increase in value of the sheep; $24,906,000 increase for the swine.

An Interesting Comparison

ABRIDGE across the Niagara river, near Buffalo, New York, is lighted by electricity. From the New York side to the center the current is provided by one of our privately owned electric companies, and the cost per month is $43. From the Canadian side the current is provided by the provincial power plant, and the cost per month is $8. The Canadian plant is owned by the public and is honestly managed in the public interest. Is it a fair practice to charge more than five and one-half times as much for the same service when rendered on this side of the line? What return does the public get for the missing $35? Who gets it and why ?

Uses of Carbon Dioxide Gas

CARBON dioxide gas is one of the by-products of the manufacture of cok' It is used for charging soda water, and comes in containers in which it is stored at 900 pounds per square inch pressure. On release it takes the form of snow. This snow is so cold that a steak placed on» it will freeze so hard that when dropped on the floor it will break like glass. Its most spectacular use is in putting out fires in oil tanks. It is much used in chemical, refrigerating, rubber and military enterprises.

Los Angeles Saves All Its Taxes

LOS ANGELES and San Francisco are located 400 miles apart. They are similarly situated and are certainly fairly comparable. Los Angeles owns its own water works. It owns its own power plant where most of its electric current is produced. In San Francisco private companies furnish both water and electric current. In San Francisco the rates for both water and electricity are so much higher that if these rates prevailed in Los Angeles it would cost the people of Los Angeles $12,000,000 a year more than at present. But all taxes in Los Angeles do not amount to $12,000,000 a year. In other words the people of Los Angeles save, by reason of municipally-owned power and water systems, enough to pay every cent of taxes collected in the entire city. The citizens of San Francisco are being bled in proportion.

Horrible Conditions in Memphis .

IN ITS issue of April 15th the Memphis Commercial Appeal prints a half page advertisement of the Community Fund in which, among other items, occurs the startling information that there were almost 200 fatherless babies born in Memphis last year, and that more than half the unmarried mothers last year were under sixteen.

Probably what is true of Memphis is equally true of other cities of the same size. If so, it shows that society is rapidly going to the devil. If the mothers of those girls had brought them up properly no such tales of shame need be told. The trouble with the mothers is that they have no faith in God, and having none have been unable to instill any into their children. Memphis is one of the greatest church towij in the country.

Siam Has The Best Paid King

THE king of Siam gets a salary of $3,500,000 a year. The kings of Italy and of England get slightly less, but are next in order. The kings of Japan, Spain and Belgium each receive over $1,000,000. In the half-million class are the kings of Serbia, Rumania, Sweden and Bulgaria, while the kings of little Denmark and Norway receive about a quarter of a million each. The President of the United States has a harder job than all of them put together, and his salary, after income taxes are paid, is only about $50,000 per year.

THE Catholic Register reprints an interesting news report from Europe, concerning Spiritism. Under the headline "Spiritism Denounced' as a Fraud and Gross Imposition—Celebrated Dresden Neurologist attributes Manifestation to purely Natural Laws—Godfrey Raupert ascribes them to Diabolism”, it says:

“Godfrey Raupert, formerly a member of the British Society for Psychical Research, and for many years prior to his conversion to the Catholic Church an ardent spiritist, takes the attitude that the so-called spiritist phenomena are actually the work of demons. He expresses the conviction that the peculiar antics of the demons which result in what some call spiritist phenomena, are designed to draw the world away from the firm foundations of Christianity. He develops the theory that persons who deyote themselves to Spiritism sink into: a state, of ever-growing passivity with the result ‘that it becomes easier and easier for the evil spiritual being to draw nearer to the inwardness of the spiritist, to paralyze his will and to break his instinctive resistance, until at last the hour arrives when the invisible foe is in possession of the soul. . . . After having attained their objective the demons frequently sneer at their victims. ... I have become convinced that the material required by the spiritual beings for their successful impersonations of the dead, is taken in the main from the subconsciousness of the living with whom the dead came in contact.’ ”

For an interesting and instructive exposition of this entire subject the reader is referred to Judge Rutherford’s booklet entitled, “Can The Living Talk With The Dead?”

The mooted embargo on Canadian pulpwood going to the United States is arousing considerable interest in the paper industry. It is safe to say that any measure which tends to restrict the outlet for pulpwood results in glutting the home market, which inevitably means that prices will slump to a much lower level than now prevails. Canadian mill owners, and American manufacturers who have large mill interests in Canada, no doubt will support the embargo measure if it will result in a cheaper, less competitive market. American mills which have depended largely on the Canadian raw material supply will temporarily be hurt; but it is doubtful if they will comply with the alternative which the measure is designed to enforce, that of building more mills in Canada. Rather, with characteristic initiative, they will seek new sources of supply, improve manufacturing methods and utilize materials now greatly neglected. The Monetary Times presents a well-considered article on the matter, and the question of a fair price to the logger or settler, who produces the bulk of the raw product, is stressed.

The “total embargo” enthusiasts are asked some questions which will be difficult to answer in view of the possibility of the use of substitutes for the spruce wood now largely used.

A further commentary on the depression that for three years has characterized Canadian business is found in present stock market conditions. An editorial in the Monetary Times on “Thei Outlook for Industry” presents a view of matters which must be difficult for the persistent and virulent optimist to harmonize with prosperity.

“The reduced net surplus of the Canadian Pacific Railway, net earnings of Canada Steamship Lines, little more than sufficient to pay fixed charges, and the British Empire Steel Corporation’s failure to earn, enough to pay its bond interest—these three reports on the affairs of three of our most prominent industrial corporations have dealt a blow to the Canadian stock market which it is scarcely in a position to bear.

“These reports, however, are the result of 1924 operations, and 1924 was a year of considerable difficulty for industry. In his New York Times ‘Market Review’, A. D. Noy les says: ‘What the general public is now asking, however, is the significance of this heavy break in prices as regards the general business outlook. . . . The answer which people familiar with Wall Street are likely to make is that trade recovery is still distinctly under way, but that the sanguine American temperament has once more shown how easily possible it is to expect too much and too soon.’

“Whether or not the business recovery has been fully discounted by the stock markets, there has at least been sufficient strength shown to warrant the expectation that our industrial corporations will do better in. 1925 than they did in 1924.” --------

According to a survey of the employment field from 1920 to 1925, taking the 1920 employment index as 100, there is shown a general decline to the present level of 86. Immigration follows the general trend of employment and shows its lowest ebb since 1920 at the present time.

That immigration presents a far more peculiar problem today than at any time in the history of the past fifty years is brought out in a recent editorial in the Moose Jaw Times:

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‘■'When David Lloyd George addressed the Winnipeg mass meeting he said that Britain’s problem was not one. of unemployment but of emigration, and he went on to show that before the war millions of British people emigrated to other parts of the world, but that since the war the emigration movement had ceased, while, despite the enormous casualties of the war, population increased. ■

“This statement is recalled by the cable from London today giving particulars of Britain’s contribution to the Anglo-Australian migration agreement, which will be £7,083,000 ($35,400,000 approximately) -in the next ten years, besides the cost of passages, which the Imperial and Commonwealth Governments will share equally between them.

“Thus we have a complete reversal of the migration movement. Whereas formerly newer countries were paying to get immigrants, now Great Britain is willing to spend millions to encourage emigrants.”

Possibly a good deal of this coolness toward emigration is due to the lamentable failure in the years since the war to make a success 'of “colonizing” the untrained and uncapitalized immigrant. No blazing examples of agricultural success dazzle the eye of the old country artizan or farmer who might thereby be attracted to a prairie farm. Therefore he stays home.

The question of fuel supplies to replace 'American anthracite is occupying considerable space in the press today. The Toronto Globe devotes half ? column to an exposition of the Government report on coke as a household fuel in Central Canada, which includes a large part of Ontario and Quebec, with an annual fuel consumption of over two and one-half million tons. A market would have to be found for the gas product and other by-products of coke manufacture, but with only a nominal increase in gas consumption it is calculated that domestic coke would replace at least 50% of the anthracite now used.

Considering the difficulties so often experienced, in getting suitable domestic fuel at reasonable rates, an ample supply of cheap coke would go far to solve Canada’s annual fuel problem.

The Petersen Ship Subsidy has aroused a considerable storm in shipping circles, and the usual'crop of statistics to'prove that even at present rates there is. no profit being made in ocean freights, and that ships are only operated to provide work for seamen) as an accommodation to shippers, and at the personal cost of the shipping companies. The Canadian Government Subsidy may or may not prove helpful in forcing down rates; but it is certain that if ocean freights are reduced it will mean a lot to Cana-' dian manufacturers and agriculturalists, as well: as to the Eastern ports.

The coal miners’ strike at Sydney, B. C., continues, with things at an impasse. The company seemingly is determined to reduce the miners to a state of such abject misery and despair that they will accept any terms whatsoever. The miners, on the contrary, have a strain of Scotch stubbornness which will endure impossible conditions. before giving in. That violence will yet be resorted to seems certain; and no doubt “Besco” will take full advantage of any signs of trouble to drive the men to the mines at the bayonet’s point. The pity of it is that fellow workmen in the livery of the Canadian Government will be found ready and willing at the call of “national duty” to uphold any capitalist savagery directed against men rendered desperate by the. misery of starving women and children.

The Vancouver Sunday Sun headlines an editorial “The Golden Age”, and quotes Dr. Eugene Hyman Fiske as saying that during the past four centuries 37 years have been added to the average lifetime. Dr. Fiske says:

“Most of us are merely nibbling at life. There, is a time coming when life will be one-third longer and two-thirds more worth living. This will not come as a natural evolution but as a result of deliberate, purposive application of scientific knowledge.”

“Medicine,” goes on the Sun, “is delaying this Golden Age, because medicine is no longer scientific, and medicine will never again be scientific until ninety-nine percent of its brains and energies are diverted from curative purposes to preventive purposes—from the science of salvaging to the science of living.

“What our intellectuals have done for the brains of America, ridding them, of fear, superstition and false traditions, ■ the food chemist must come along and do < for the stomachs of America. He is long overdue, but, he is the herald of a grander, finer Golden Age than old Pericles ever dreamed of.”

Electricity for All

THE British Government, the political correspondent of the Daily Mail declares, is determined to spare no effort in the formulation of a practical working scheme for bringing cheap electric power and light within reach of every industry and of every private individual in the country.

The object aimed at is a plentiful supply of electricity, at a cost of one penny or three halfpence per unit (two or three cents), in place of an inadequate supply—in many parts of the country no supply at all—now costing an average of 5d per unit.

It is the view of the experts, in consultation with the Government, that this object can be attained.

The conclusion has been reached that the stimulation of industry by cheapening the cost of production, resulting from the universal adoption of electrical power, will prove as epochmaking in the present century as was the advent of steam power in the last.

New Type of Vessel

TWO vessels of a new type, embodying what is known as the corrugated, or “Monitor”, system of construction, are being built by Messrs. D. & W. Henderson, Partick.

The system marks a departure from the tradition that vessels must have a smooth outer surface. Along the sides of the vessels there are two “blisters”, or rounded ridges, extending for about three-quarters of the length, and it is claimed that instead of reducing speed, as might be expected, the bulges make less horsepower necessary for a given speed, apparently because they reduce wave resistance.

In addition to the two vessels under construction on the Clyde, each of 9,000 tons dead-weight carrying capacity, two corrugated vessels have recently been launched, and there are building two of 7,500 tons and 6,600 tons respectively on the Tyne, two of 9,000 tons and 10,000 tons respectively on the Wear, and one of 7,500 tons in Holland.

Gold and Silver by Air

GOLD and silver totalling £270,000 were recently conveyed from London to Paris on two big air liners. The specie which was packed in a number of iron-bound cases, weighed over two tons, and was consigned to Basle, Switzerland, by a big international bank, which considers that sending money across the channel by air is not only swifter, but is safer than by boat and train, from which it has to be transhipped twice on the journey. In addition to the pilot and the wireless operator, a guard accompanied the specie on the machines.

Queer Cargoes

A LANDSMAN has only a faint idea of the many quaint things carried in the holds of cargo steamers. The other week, for instance, thirteen tons of dried flies formed part of the cargo of the motor liner Bio Panueo, which arrived at Plymouth from Mexico and Cuba. It would be interesting to learn the puipose for which this strange shipment is intended. Personally I do not agree with the joker who said these flies would be a substitute for currants.

Hens’ eggs, by the million, comprised the cargo of the steamer Melita, which recently left Montreal for Belfast and Glasgow. No single vessel has ever before carried such an extraordinary number of eggs from this port, which can be well understood when the exact figures are stated: 3,132,000 eggs in 8,702 cases.

A year ago the Cunard Liner, Audania, left Southampton for New York with 8,000 canaries and 2,000 cockatoos and African finches. Each bird was housed separately, and the liner’s storerooms were stacked with wicker cages piled high. The unusual surroundings did not affect the birds; they sang lustily. They required 4,000 pounds of seed on the voyage, and claimed the attention of four attendants.

Thirteen thousand goldfish was a part cargo consignment on a Japanese liner when it arrived at the London docks a few weeks ago, while on the same day at an adjoining wharf 73 polecats were landed for the zoo.

Animal stowaways are frequently among the uninvited guests on cargo steamers. One of the most recent discoveries of this sort was on a tramp steamer that put into Liverpool with a cargo of bananas. Cases of this fruit there certainly were, but the dockers also came across three baby alligators and seven snakes!

A different sort of cargo was on board the German steamship Sophie Marie, arriving from

Petrograd. This was 700 tons of rags, consisting of cut-up uniforms worn by Russians in the war. The cargo also contained hundreds of tons . of old Russian army shirts and socks.

The reference to war recalls what was probably one of the oddest cargoes on record, and that was carried some eighteen months ago by a British steamer bound for Morocco. It consisted of 2,000,000 gallons of purified drinking water, for the use of the Spanish troopsffight-ing the rebels.

United Free Stipends

WHILE wages of all classes of workers are being reduced, and Labor Unions are making desperate efforts to maintain the present standard, the Clergymens’ Union (not “Labor”, for they seldom do any) have succeeded in getting a raise or increase in wages. The following report on the Central Fund for 1924 was submitted at Glasgow Presbytery of the United Free Church of Scotland:

“In view of the results of the year’s operations the General Assembly’s Committee had unanimously agreed to raise the minimum stipend [a nice clergy-word for salary or wages] from £245 to £282, the highest yet paid in the history of the Fund [or Union], The figures for the Glasgow Presbytery for the year showed contributions amounting to £55,880.”

The aim and object of the Central Fund of the above body of clergymen is to get them £300 a year and a free manse. That evidently would be their paradise; but so far they have not attained that.nark; and no doubt, with the nearness of the Lord’s kingdom, they never will.

Waterloo Bridge

RITAIN’S historic Waterloo Bridge is at last doomed! The special committee on Thames bridges has presented a definite recommendation that the present bridge be demolished, and a more commodious structure erected in its place.

It is probable that the new bridge will be much wider, and will consist of only four arches. It will take at least five years to build, during which time the temporary bridge now being constructed will be used.

The . estimated costs of different proposed structures range from £988,000 to £1, 295,000. Estimates include: (1) The construction of a new bridge, in place of the old, built with not more than five steel arches over the river, and wide enough for six lines of vehicular traffic, including a double line of tramways, if thought desirable. (2) The construction of a vehicle traffic subway under the Strand, from Aldwyck to Wellington Street, to take ninety-five percent of the vehicles using Waterloo Bridge; this subway to be high enough, if possible, to take double-deck tramcars..

London Fires

HERE were 3,845 outbreaks of fire in Lon-don last year, which caused damage valued at £911,997. Thirty-nine men and forty-nine women lost their lives in fires.

Conditions of Great Britain

HHHE report of the delegation of the General

Council of the Trade Union Congress, which visited Russia at the end of last year, was unanimously adopted by the Council. It has been decided to limit the report to matters on which there was general agreement. While this robs the report of a piquancy it might otherwise have possessed, it adds weight to the conclusions which are recorded.

This point may be applied specially to a declaration that Communism, and the methods of the Bolsheviks in Russia, would be impossible in the circumstances existing in Great Britain. By implication, the delegation justified the policy of the British Labor movement in adopting a policy of Constitutional effort, and the attainment of reforms by Parliamentary and orthodox trade union action.

King’s Birthday

rpiIE King business still goes merrily on in J- England, while we read, daily of the hunger and poverty of thousands of British homes. Wanton extravagance still persists in the Royal line. Instead of celebrating the King’s birthday on a Saturday as of old, it was observed this year on the exact day, Wednesday, June 3. The military ceremonies took place in St. James’ Park, and full-dress dinners were given by the ministers and the great officers of the household, and there was a large party at the Foreign Office. Hurrah for the “King’s Birthday” and the big free dinner I

Trade Depression

THE following is an editorial which appeared in the Glasgow Times for February 21,1925: “Round about December many of us expected that trade would show signs of liveliness early in 1925. A natural enough expectation. Since 1920 trade had been in the doldrums, and the general notion was that it must move out of the dull spell sometime; so why not in the first months of this Spring, now that the political conditions have been stabilized and the nation has a chance to concentrate on the buying and . selling of commodities?

“But trade has not improved. True, there are faint hints here and there of betterment, but they are so faint that they are hardly worth mentioning. The general situation is about as bad as ever. Indeed the pessimist might very <reasonably argue that it is worse because of the shadow of industrial disputes looming. No one knows if these are to begin; no one knows how they will end; but their mere threat has a disturbing influence and, if the disputes drift into industrial war, they will put off the recovery of British trade to some time in the distant future.”

$550 A Day Rent

DAILY rent of £110 ($550) is a staggering figure, but that is the approximate amount that it costs to keep one of the world’s largest liners in dry dock, while she is being overhauled. Twice a year every liner is dry docked for examination, and most of them spend the best part of a week in dock. In addition to the rent, there are other charges, harbor dues, pilotage, hire of cranes, etc., and the cost of drydocking a big liner may be as much as £3,500 before a penny piece has been charged for work done.

A Green Carnation . By John Waite

IWAS extremely interested to read the fine article “Rose Thoughts” in The Golden Age, and as I am a lover of flowers, I think that the following will be of interest.

On Saint Patrick’s Day I was given what to me was a most wonderful flower. It was an exquisite carnation, with a wonderful perfume. On looking at this flower I, at first, thought some one was playing a trick on me, because of the color. The color was a beautiful vivid “Paddy” green and the petals were gradually shaded off to a more brilliant green at the edges. The blossom was of perfect shape and very large.

After making inquiries about this wonderful flower I learned that it had actually been grown at one of the experimental hot houses in this district near Calgary.

Before I left the old country I can remember my father, who was no mean gardener, growing carnations from an almost black to white and yellow, but I never before in all my life had seen a green carnation.

[We suggest that certain white flowers may be colored with any desired tint by being stood in a vase of suitable dyeing materials as soon as cut, but the various shades of green in the sample petal submitted makes it doubtful if this specimen was tinted. It seems genuine.—Ed.]

The South African Native at Home

WE HAVE some clippings from Durban, showing how the South African native is treated in his own home by the whites; and it is not a happy picture. In some respects it is worse than the situation in Chicago. In Stand-erton, South Africa, last Fall, Mr. Leonardus Johannes Labuschagne tied a native black girl to a cart; and flogged her to death. For doing this he was sentenced to the whole of six weeks at hard labor. .....

If this man had done this in Texas, he might have escaped unpunished, if he had had sufficient influence to silence the mouths of witnesses of his crime. But in Chicago there is one chance in 365 that he might have been electrocuted. They are great lovers of justice in Chicago. For every 365 murders that they have in Chicago, one man pays the death penalty. The majesty of the law must be upheld, in Chicago.

We have before us the bylaws of Durban. The city stands where once there was a village wholly occupied by blacks, whose ancestors had

JTOE17’19S5’:; . . qoiDEN AGE

lived ther'e from time immemorial. Today no.-native may legally live within three, miles of the, outskirts of the municipality, except landowners, students, police or other officials, the aged, the sick or duly registered servants of the 'whites. . " '

Durban has been recently enforcing the provisions of the act which requires natives to live.,-, beyond the three-mile limit. The Natal J.J-.viser contains a letter from one of the natives affected, Nivard Mdhtetche, which will appeal to anybody who has a spark of justice dr manhood in his makeup: ; ■

“I beg to protest against the proposed removal of natives from the suburbs of Durban. I am a native. I do not own ground,'but T do lease a small plot. I- have at great sacrifice, built a housewhich cost me over £140. This money has been saved from wages earned during many years. I have resided in the vicinity for the last twenty years.

“I think there will be a great deal of trouble before this matter is settled. Supposing I do remove outside the three-mile limit. At present I walk five miles to work and five miles back. Can I walk eight miles each way and do a day’s work in between? No ! Can I afford to pay for a ride each way ? No! What shall I do? I have'a'wife and two youngsters. I will have to get a hovel of some sort, and crowd my family into it-.

“'Thore are quite a-lot of decently behaved natives; and I think the proposed'enforcing of the law will be heart-breaking. IVe have- never hankered after- political power, but things like this must force us to act unitedly. Oh, that I had been an Indian, a Chinaman, Russian Jew, or anything.but a native of South. Africa in Africa1”

Every black who comes into Durban must register with the . police within twenty-four hours and explain the object of his visit, which is limited to five days. If he secures employment, his employer must get him an identification card, and must pay twenty-five cents the first month and twelve and one-half cents each additional month he remains in his employ.

In lieu of one employer the native may, at his option, become a Togt man, subject to employment by anybody who demands his services, at the rate of fifty cents per day. If engaged in washing,' or in stevedore work inside the bay, he is allowed seventy-five cents; in stevedore work outside the bay, $1 per day. Unless engaged in pulling tfie whites around in rickshas’ it is .illegal for-him to be on-the streets between the. hours of 9 p. m. and 5 a. m.; but “a.ricksha

puller may ply for hire with his ricksha until' the hour of midnight”. . _

If a native’s employer,...fails to provide him with a card, the employer, must pay $10 or be imprisoned seven days; if the native fails to see to it that he gets a card he must pay a $10 fine or be imprisoned, perhaps with hard labor, for a period of two months. A Togt man must live in the compound provided by the Town Council, paying $1.25 per month for the shelter, water, lighting and sanitary conveniences which it affords him. ~

The laws of Durban prohibit anybody from leasing land to natives, except in certain areas set aside for that purpose. The spaces allotted are so cramped that a writer in the Natal Mercury declares that “when the Public Health Committee went on a tour , of inspection three, months ago, in one quarter, adjacent to the main road, they found over 300 people living on a space of ground not much larger than would be allotted for the requirements of the ordinary household grounds and garden elsewhere.”

Can anyone suppose that the natives enjoy being herded together in such miserable fashion, after having been once allowed the unrestricted use of all that great country ? But what can they do? When, not long ago, 150 of them purchased a single farm at Rustenburg, South Africa, the white farmers immediately took legal action to get rid of them. . ...

When Mr. Leonardos Johannes Labuschagne got his six weeks’ sentence for murdering the native girl, there was a considerable commotion among some of the humane people of South Africa who are not just positive that the blacks in their midst are being treated in a perfectly Christlike manner. Ten of these, all clergymen, joined in certain resolutions, which are so tame that we present them as a curiosity:

(1) That whereas it appears that juries are too prone to treat offences committed by Europeans against natives too leniently, the question is recommended to the Government for consideration whether the jury system ought not to be reconsidered in its application to such cases; .

(2) That it is also earnestly recommended to the Government that legislation should be introduced prohibiting the illicit intercourse of white men and black women, and treat such as a serious offence in view of the increasing number of white settlers and others who have been guilty of this practise. . .

The papers that bear these items to us also narrate that “native affairs in the main are coming so rapidly to a head that it requires a minister’s whole time to cope with them”. We should imagine that it would be difficult for the missionaries to convey a very good idea to the natives of just what the Christian religion really is and what it stands for.

It is reported that the native women of Bloemfontein do not take kindly to the proposed compulsory medical examination of their sex.

General Smuts, one time Premier of South Africa, once said that the acid test of the European is their treatment of the colored people. If that is the case then it looks as if they had met their test about as Mr. Wilson met his, when he said that the way the American Government would treat the Russian Government would be the acid test of the friendship of the American people for the Russian people.

The John Brown Rebellion By Mrs. c. L. c.

I HAVE been a reader of your magazine since it was first published, and have found it very instructive and helpful.

Often I have noticed corrections made to certain articles, and feel it right to call attention to some misstatements made in the article “The Switzerland of America,” by J. L. Bolling, published in Golden Age No. 141, especially that part relating to the “John Brown Rebellion”. Mr. Brown, the writer says, was a Kansan, “and lived in the immediate vicinity”, also that he was a school teacher.

The John Brown farm and the home where he lived, and to which his body was brought and buried in the family cemetery, is the farm which has been taken over by some patriotic society since I visited the spot. It is now a noted place for tourists, who visit it by the thousands every year, and is located at North Elba, Essex Co., N. Y., just outside that beautiful summer resort, Lake Placid.

I was born and grew up in the adjoining county of Clinton, New York, and from my earliest youth I have been familiar with the story. Mr. Bolling says that John Brown got his “inspiration for his act from the book entitled ‘Uncle Tom’s Cabin’ ”. John Brown may have read that book (every one was reading it at that time), and it may have hastened his act. But he knew more about the slave trouble than Harriet Beecher Stowe ever did, as he was one of the leaders of the then famous “Underground Railway”, which extended from the South to the Canadian boundary, and over which the poor slaves were helped by the sympathetic people of the North.

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