"Pay Attention to Yourselves and to All the Flock" (1977)
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"Pay Attention to Yourselves and to All the Flock"
"Pay Attention to Yourselves and to All the Flock."—Acts 20:28.
Kingdom Ministry School Textbook
Published by WATCHTOWER BIBLE AND TRACT SOCIETY OF NEW YORK, INC.
Brooklyn, New York, U.S.A.
SEPTEMBER 1977
Made in the United States of America KINGDOM MINISTRY SCHOOL COURSE (Each Unit comprises three hours)
Unit 1
(a) Imitate Jehovah, Our Loving Overseer 7
(b) Loving Overseers Working with the Congregation 15
(c) Discussion session
Unit 2
(a) How Overseers Teach 25
(b) Teaching at Congregation Meetings 31
(c) Discussion session
Unit 3
(a) Be Whole-souled in the Evangelizing Work 41
(b) Help Your Brothers to Reach All by Evangelizing 48
(c) Discussion session
Unit 4
(a) Overseers 'Ruling for Justice Itself' 55
(b) Sharing on the Judicial Committee 66
(c) Discussion session
Unit 5
(a) How the Elders Work Together as a Body 77
(b) Our Loving Overseer Provides Counsel and Discipline for All 90
(c) Discussion session
(d) Concluding Talks by Instructors Explanation of School Course
TO THE STUDENT: "Pay Attention to Yourselves and to All the Flock" is a continuation of the Kingdom Ministry School Course published by the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society to help overseers to fulfill their responsibilities as undershepherds of the flock of God. This current portion of the course, prepared under the direction of the Governing Body, has been designed to provide overseers with instruction and counsel to aid them to teach, to lead in the field service and to handle judicial matters.—Acts 20:28.
All elders have a serious responsibility before our loving Overseer, Jehovah God, to see to it that the flock is well fed. This calls for helpful teaching of the congregation as a whole through instructive meetings. It calls for appropriate teaching on a personal basis, to enlighten, to give counsel, to exhort and reprove. Improving your ability as a teacher will be a vital consideration in the course.
An important part of the work involves taking the lead in the field service. Therefore, emphasis is placed on your participation and lead in the field service.
With so many outside pressures bearing upon the brothers, you are often faced with matters involving counsel and judgment. How can you be sure that you are viewing matters from Jehovah's standpoint? How can you be balanced in judging cases that come to your attention, while showing loving concern for the brothers involved? How, at the same time, can you make sure that Jehovah's righteousness is upheld in the congregation? These are matters that will also be given careful consideration in the course.
You will observe that there are five units of study. Each of these units will be considered in a period of three hours.
Two subjects are considered in each unit. And each unit concludes with a twenty-minute period of open class discussion during which time you may ask questions on the material just considered. The instructor will arrange for a ten-minute break about halfway through each study period.
To derive the greatest benefit, we suggest that before coming to class, you read the outlines that will be covered that day.
You will be permitted to take this textbook with you upon finishing the course. Therefore, if you wish to make some brief personal notes in it you may do so. Space has been left in the margin and at the foot of each page for this purpose. We discourage the taking of extensive notes during class sessions. Often brothers miss important information when they are trying to take too many notes.
There should be no reason for anyone to feel anxious or apprehensive during the course. There will be no written reviews and there will be no grading of those in attendance. The school has been prepared to help you so that you will be in a better position to aid and encourage your brothers. We encourage you to concentrate on what is said and to participate fully. This will aid you to get the most from the course.
We are confident that you appreciate the privilege of serving Jehovah's people as an elder in the congregation. Your life is filled with many responsibilities; it is also subject to many pressures. May this course prove to be refreshing to you and make it possible for you to serve your brothers with greater effectiveness and with a happy heart under our loving Overseer, Jehovah God.
TO THE INSTRUCTORS: In most cases there will be two instructors for each school. Both of you will be present during class sessions.
You will each handle a class during each teaching unit and will share in the open discussion sessions at the end of each unit.
You are not expected to have the answers to all questions the elders may bring up. Be careful that you do not give your own opinions on matters. Rather, direct the brothers to what the Bible says and what has been published most recently in the Society's literature.
Be kind, loving and patient in dealing with the students and in handling various situations. Help the brothers to derive the greatest benefit from the Kingdom Ministry School Course.
At the conclusion of the course, each of the instructors will give a 15-minute talk to the class. You can plan together what points each of you wishes to cover. Review and emphasize the high points of the course, which the elders need to remember and put into practice. Encourage all unitedly to follow through on the material presented in school. Recommend to the elders that, upon returning to their congregation, they review lessons needing local application. This could be done at their regular meetings of the body of elders.
Do your best to move the hearts of the brothers to continue faithfully serving Jehovah and their brothers, following the example of our model, Jesus Christ.
The scheduling of school sessions can be flexible. Three units could be covered on Saturday and two units on Sunday. In this way the school could be conducted over a weekend. Or one unit could be covered each evening, with the course running for five evenings. Perhaps daytime classes would be preferable, with the course running for two and a half days. It will be up to the branch office to schedule school sessions in harmony with what is best locally.
Imitate Jehovah, Our Loving Overseer
Jehovah, the great God of love, is the Shepherd and Overseer of our souls. (1 Pet. 2:25) How glad we are to have him over us! The inspired command is that we "become imitators of God." (Eph. 5:1) While we should imitate our loving Overseer in all areas of life, we will be considering the example that Jehovah has set in three fields: (1) He is our Grand Instructor. (2) He is the Great Evangelizer who is sponsoring the preaching of the good news world wide. And, (3) when he judges he is just in all his ways.
In your efforts to be like him, you need to continue to develop your abilities as teachers. You need to take the lead in Kingdom-preaching and disciple-making. You need to be judges who render just decisions among Jehovah's people. And in all that you do, you need to exercise your oversight in a loving way.
OUR LOVING OVERSEER
How many expressions of love Jehovah has showered down on us!
Each day we have reason to thank him for the measure of health and life we enjoy, our homes, food clothing, our families, our brothers and sisters.
We thank him for the truth, for the privilege of being in his service and for the fact that he has preserved us to this day.
Yes, "we love, because he first loved us." (1 John 4:19)
As overseers we have still more reasons to thank Jehovah.
He has given us the direction we need in order to look after his people.
He has given us his Word to direct us and his spirit to aid us to carry responsibilities beyond what are normal.
When we have made mistakes, not handling situations as well as we should have, Jehovah has been patient with us. And how much we appreciate his expression of love, as we continue to learn and progress!
In imitation of Jehovah, there will be opportunities for you as overseers to show love for others.
There may be opportunities for you to help others physically.
What are some opportunities to help others in this way that you have taken advantage of in the past?
What opportunities do you see ahead of you to help your brothers and others in this way?
In addition to handling parts on the meetings, what opportunities do you have to feed your brothers spiritually?
How do situations like the following afford you with opportunities to show love for your brothers and patience with them?
When they forget to turn in their field service reports.
When children do not behave well in the Kingdom Hall.
When a person needs help in getting to the Kingdom Hall or to an assembly.
When a shy or inexperienced person needs help in preparing talks for the Theocratic School.
When a young person begins to associate and his parents are not in the truth.
When a brother does not handle a matter to completion.
When someone stays too long on a call, causing others to wait.
When a brother or sister appears to be discouraged.
When someone comes to you seeking information and does not readily understand after you explain it to him.
When dealing with a wrongdoer who does not appear to appreciate your efforts to help him.
THE GRAND INSTRUCTOR
Jehovah is the Grand Instructor of his people. (Isa. 30:20) In fact, "who is an instructor like him?" (Job 36:22) Jehovah instructed his only-begotten Son so well that he could be described as a 'Master Worker' beside his Father. And, significantly, he is described as being "glad before him all the time." (Prov. 8:30)
Since the creation of man, Jehovah has provided divine instruction.
He created man with the mental capacity to be taught and to teach.
He gave Adam divine instruction in the way of everlasting life.
Through his prophets he continued to instruct his people.
The priests of Israel were to be teachers of the law. Nehemiah described their activity on one occasion, saying that they were "reading aloud" from the law, there was a "putting of meaning into it," they 'gave understanding in the reading' and "were explaining the law to the people." (Neh. 8:7, 8) Christian overseers today need to do such teaching of God's Word too.
As a perfect reflection of his Father, God's Son was a Master Teacher. The Scriptures relate that those who heard him were "astounded at his way of teaching." (Matt. 7:28)
Noteworthy is the fact that Jesus himself said: "What I teach is not mine." "I do nothing of my own initiative; but just as the Father taught me I speak these things." (John 7:16; 8:28) Are you careful to teach God's Word, rather than give your own opinion? (1 Cor. 4:6; 2 Tim. 4:2)
Are there methods that were used by Jesus in his teaching that you are trying to use? How?
Use of questions?
Use of illustrations?
Simplicity of expression?
Clear explanations?
Object lessons?
Use of scriptures?
Reaching the hearts of those to whom you speak?
In our time Jehovah continues to provide grand instruction for his people. An evidence of this is the schooling provided by means of "the faithful and discreet slave":
Kingdom Ministry School
Gilead School
Pioneer Service School
Theocratic School
Literacy classes
How can you help the brothers in your congregation to take full advantage of the schooling provided by our Grand Instructor?
What other opportunities, besides when you are on the platform, do you have to teach Jehovah's people and interested ones?
JEHOVAH, THE GREAT EVANGELIZER, IS SPONSORING THE PREACHING OF THE GOOD NEWS WORLD WIDE
He provided good news of deliverance when uttering the first prophecy in Eden. (Gen. 3:15)
Through his angel he declared good news to Abraham. (Gal. 3:8)
It was foretold that the Messiah, Jesus Christ, would "tell good news to the meek ones," and he did that, sharing fully in the work. (Isa. 61:1)
Jesus directed that in this time of the end 'the good news (evangel) of the Kingdom would be preached in all the inhabited earth for a witness'; in fact, he said: "The good news has to be preached."
(Mark 13:10) This is good news that God wants people to hear.
Overseers of the flock of God have the privilege and responsibility to take the lead in this evangelizing work. (2 Tim. 4:5) Are you doing this?
Why is there a need for you to be in the field service when the rest of the congregation is sharing in this activity?
What arrangements do you have for field service in the congregation that serve the brothers well and get good support?
What arrangements do you have so that the elders are taking the lead in the field and working with the brothers?
When the elders take the lead and actually work with the brothers in the field service, what effect do you observe that this has on the activity of the congregation?
What obstacles do you face in trying to provide the lead needed in the field service in your congregation?
Invite other students to comment on how they deal with similar situations.
JEHOVAH IS A LOVER OF JUSTICE AND A GOD OF MERCY
Observe how these qualities showed up in the way he handled the case of the rebellion in Eden.
Justice was shown in his judgment against those who proved to be unrepentant rebels against his sovereignty. Yet in mercy he foretold a deliverer for the thenunborn offspring of Adam and Eve. (Gen. 3:15) In justice Jehovah has allowed mankind to suffer the due recompense for sin. (Deut. 32:4, 5) But in mercy he has made provision for their redemption and given them hope of everlasting life.
The ransom provision itself is based on justice, a perfect life for a perfect life. (1 Tim. 2:6) Yet, what mercy the provision reflects! It is, in fact, undeserved kindness to those in need. (John 1:17)
Jehovah shows himself to be just and merciful in every thing. Do you?
Jehovah extended the opportunity first to his covenant people to become members of the bride of Christ. But when an insufficient number responded, Jehovah mercifully extended the invitation to Gentile people. (Acts 15:14)
David was worthy of death because of his sin with Bath-sheba. He was extended mercy because of his sincere repentance.
Yet he was punished for his sin, by the death of the son of his adultery and by repeated domestic difficulties in later life.
Are you both merciful and just? Do you show these qualities in your dealings with others? In giving counsel and in judging, do you hold to the same standard God's standard, with all?
What does Micah 6:8 reveal that Jehovah expects of you? Matthew 5:7? Deuteronomy 1:16, 17?
How are you called upon to show that you are impartial, just and merciful when it comes to dealing with: (a) Those you may consider more prominent in the Christian congregation, and those you may not consider so? (b) Those of other races and nationalities? (c) Younger members of the congregation, as well as adults? (d) Wrongdoers who are sincerely repentant?
Jehovah has shown himself a Guardian and Protector of his people both physically and spiritually. (Ps. 145:20; Prov. 18:10) The basic idea inherent in the Greek word for overseer (episkopos) is protective care. We should be guardians and protectors of Jehovah's people too.
Are you alert to the needs of your brothers?
Do you step forward to assist when you see there is a need?
Imitate Jehovah, our loving Overseer.
Loving Overseers
Working with the Congregation
Overseers working with the congregation should make it their goal to imitate the loving ways of the Great Overseer, Jehovah. As Jehovah has shown consideration for the disadvantaged and needy, so loving overseers will be sensitive to the needs of the aged, the sick, the new ones, the young and those in need of material assistance in the congregation. Even as our heavenly Father has shown interest in the spiritual growth and advancement of all his intelligent creatures, so overseers today ought to demonstrate a constant interest in the spiritual well-being and advancement of all in the congregation. (Ps. 146:7-9) No doubt if it is possible you would like to be of even greater assistance to your brothers in these matters than you are at present.
WHAT KIND OF OVERSEER ARE YOU?
Very likely you are a busy person. Most overseers have many responsibilities and their lives are full.
Many have families and so have wives and children to encourage and to care for physically, emotionally and spiritually.
Most have secular employment.
Then there are personal study, preparation for the meetings, field service, and publishers who need help and encouragement in many ways.
There is work around the Kingdom Hall and there are times when a new hall needs to be built.
You also need to get your personal rest and there are times when periods of relaxation are needed.
Are you one who can handle such responsibilities and keep the needed balance so that all matters receive their proper attention?
The apostle Paul at 2 Corinthians 11:24-27 mentioned great pressures that he faced and yet he said in verse 28 that from day to day there was also rushing in on him "anxiety for all the congregations."
No doubt you, as a loving overseer, feel a similar concern for all the brothers and sisters in your congregation.
Paul wrote to Timothy and said, "I am grateful to Christ Jesus our Lord, who imparted power to me because he considered me faithful by assigning me to a ministry." (1 Tim. 1:12)
Do you not feel the same? Do you not feel grateful to Jesus and his heavenly Father that they have assigned you to a ministry?
No doubt you do. And it is our appreciation for the loving-kindness and mercy shown us by Jehovah, as well as our love for Jehovah and for our brothers, that moves us to serve as fully as possible, even with so many other responsibilities.
Do not rely on your own wisdom and strength.
Always petition Jehovah for his wisdom to direct you in doing his work. (Jas. 1:5)
Pray for his holy spirit. It can provide the needed strength beyond what is normal.
(Luke 11:13; 2 Cor. 4:7,8,16)
We pray that Jehovah will bless you in your continued efforts to serve him and his people as a loving overseer.
WORKING WITH THOSE WHO HAVE SPECIAL NEEDS IN THE CONGREGATION
At 1 Peter 2:17 we are encouraged to "honor men of all sorts" and to have "love for the whole association of brothers."
Are you taking such personal interest in your brothers and sisters? Are you aware of their needs so you can show them appropriate love and honor?
Among those who often need special attention are the aged and sickly ones of the congregation.
They may need assistance in practical ways. They may need someone to cook for them, iron their clothes, clean the floor, run errands, and so forth.
They often need encouragement. (1 Thess. 5:14)
They may need someone to help them get to the meetings, to read to them or assist them in other ways to stay spiritually strong.
What can you do to provide such practical assistance?
How can you use the assistance of other brothers and sisters to help you carry the load?
Why is it important to check to see that arrangements for assistance are followed through on?
Your being alert to such needs and providing the appropriate aid will mark you as a loving overseer.
You can be sure that such a course will be well pleasing to Jehovah. (Heb. 13:1, 16)
Newly associated ones are especially in need of attention.
When they begin to come to the Kingdom Hall they often feel like "strangers." We want to change that feeling to one of warm friendship.
Have you ever seen a new one standing by himself, or talking alone with the one with whom he studied? Often others feel they do not want to "interrupt" the conversation. The result may be that few approach and greet the new one.
Do you have attendants to greet such ones?
Do you encourage all the brothers and sisters to take the initiative in approaching and encouraging those with whom they are not acquainted?
Do you take the lead in greeting such ones?
To encourage and help others, it is suggested that you arrive at the meetings early and stay for a little while after the program.
Can you associate with new ones at other times, or perhaps accompany them in the field service or visit in their home or yours?
Such kindly interest lets them see that genuine love exists among Jehovah's people. (John 13:35)
It also fills the void created when new ones cut off former associations and worldly entertainment.
Young members of the congregation need protection from desires that are "incidental to youth." (2 Tim. 2:22)
Parents have the primary responsibility to care for the needs of their children. (Eph. 6:1-4)
However, the young ones are a part of the congregation, and elders have a responsibility toward them also.
Many youths do not have fathers in the truth. Some have no relatives in the truth. They deserve the consideration that is to be shown to the 'fatherless boy.' (Jas. 1:27)
[EXPERIENCE: One teen-ager was given attention by an elder. He would stop and pick the boy up every time he was going to help with the building of the Kingdom Hall. Each day after they finished their work on the hall, they would stop and get some refreshments and converse. The boy has grown up now and is a circuit overseer. But he still remembers this elder's concern as one of the highlights in his spiritual development.]
Note some ways that elders and others can assist and encourage young ones in the congregation.
Engage them in conversation at the Kingdom Hall and elsewhere.
Encourage them to express themselves. Listen to their viewpoints and problems.
Help them to realize that they can be helpful and encouraging to others by their presence and participation at the meetings.
Commend them for efforts to apply themselves. When possible, give them something to do. Suggest attainable goals for them. Talk with them about pioneer work, Bethel and missionary service, auxiliary pioneering, and so forth. Share with them in the field service. Help them to make progress in this activity. What are you doing to encourage and assist young members of the congregation? (2 Tim. 3:14)
Pioneers need encouragement and help in many ways. What needs to be done to encourage pioneers and to assist them in practical ways?
Assist those who are in need materially.
It is not enough just to wish them well. (Jas. 2:15- 17; 1 John 3:16-18)
Do they need advice or assistance to get appro priate secular employment?
Do they need advice and assistance in order to receive aid provided by Caesar for the needy?
Are there children, grandchildren or other family members who could help? (1 Tim. 5:4, 8)
Are there those who would like to help if they knew the need existed?
If other assistance is not available, do they qualify to receive assistance from the congregation? (1 Tim. 5:3-10)
When there are official restrictions on the work, the Following such a disaster, how can the brothers make good use of opportunities to comfort mourning ones and bind up brokenhearted ones?
Brothers and sisters witnessing in dangerous territory need loving assistance too. (Matt. 10:16) What precautions do you believe would be advisable for publishers who witness in dangerous areas? What precautions have you encouraged the brothers to take in caring for your territory?
Aiding the brothers in these ways takes time and effort. Elders are understandably limited in what they can do. But love for the whole association of brothers will prompt us to do what we can to help those in need. (2 Cor. 8:8-12) HELP YOUR BROTHERS TO MAKE PROGRESS
As an elder you can make progress. (1 Tim. 4:12-15) What goals have you set for yourself? In what areas are you endeavoring to make progress? (Phil. 3:16)
Are there others who can be aided to make progress? Before being appointed as an elder or a ministerial servant, a brother must be "tested as to fitness first." (1 Tim. 3:10)
Your being alert to give such brothers something to do in the congregation will provide an opportunity for such 'testing' and will also give them added training.
Keep in mind that not all have the same abilities. So be discreet in what you assign a brother to do. (1 Cor. 12:4-7)
If a brother is lacking in certain qualifications to be an elder or a ministerial servant, it would be a kindness to speak with him about the matter and endeavor to give practical suggestions and assistance to aid him to develop the needed qualifications.
It may be that a ministerial servant reaching out for the office of overseer needs experience in shepherding.
Could you take him on shepherding calls?
After the call you might ask him how he would have handled certain things that came up.
This may enable you to see how he reasons. You may be able to help him improve his ability to exhort.
After he has expressed himself, you might explain to him why you did or said what you did.
The body of elders may want to give ministerial servants who are making good progress in teaching some opportunities to teach on the meetings.
Then appropriate counsel can be given to these brothers in harmony with what may be needed.
Those who are not yet ministerial servants can also be used in various ways, and the elders will be able to determine what would be best.
According to what is needed and appropriate, encourage reliability, industriousness and humility. (Prov. 9:8)
To encourage them, to build them up spiritually and to get better acquainted with them, you may wish to visit with them on occasion in their homes or yours.
Accompany them in the evangelizing work.
Help them to make progress in this activity,to develop their ability and to find pleasure in sharing the good news.
Encourage them to show an interest in their brothers and to take others along with them as often as possible.
Could they set a better example in aiding and encouraging their wives and children, and others, in this activity?
Be generous in commending when progress is made. Commendation is a powerful force that often motivates one to continue progressing. (1 Cor. 11:2)
Our sisters will never be ministerial servants or elders, yet they need help in making progress also.
How do you encourage the sisters and others to share in auxiliary or regular pioneer service?
What arrangements have you made for the sisters to share in the service when you are not able to be there?
In what other ways are you encouraging and helping your sisters?
In what other ways, not discussed above, could you help your brothers and sisters to advance?
What are you doing to help others advance?
What more could be done? Invite suggestions from students.
How, along with your many other responsibilities, do you arrange your activities to help others advance? Are there times when you can combine this activity with another, thus accomplishing both at once?
THE RESULTS
The brothers feel secure when they experience such concern, assistance and protection from loving overseers working with them. (Ezek. 34:11-16)
There is joy in the congregation. And happy servants of Jehovah are glad to cooperate and exert themselves vigorously in Jehovah's work. (Prov. 15:13)
Many are motivated to imitate the faith of such loving overseers as they see how their course of conduct turns out. (Heb. 13:7)
Jehovah is honored by such devoted imitators of himself.
How Overseers Teach
Teaching is a Scriptural requirement for overseers. (1 Tim. 3:2) The apostle Paul counsels, "Pay constant attention . . . to your teaching." (1 Tim. 4:16) All of us should do this and we should strive to be good teachers. We can learn much from Jesus, the Master Teacher, by observing how he taught. But, remember, teaching is not a matter of mastering techniques; effective teaching requires love, getting the spirit of things, motivation, reaching the person's heart.
A review of this material should enhance your desire to be a better teacher and it will give you some practical suggestions.
LEARNING HOW TO TEACH BY STUDYING JESUS' EXAMPLE
Notice some of the things that made Jesus such an effective teacher:
He based his teaching on God's Word. (Matt. 4:4, 7,10)
His motive was to honor Jehovah. (John 8:49, 50)
He presented matters with simplicity, brevity and clarity. (Matthew chapters 5-7)
He used questions to involve his hearers and help them to think and draw conclusions. (Matt. 16:13-16)
He used illustrations that fit those to whom he was speaking, such as fishermen, housewives, shepherds, and so forth.
(Matt. 4:18, 19; Luke 15:3-10)
He explained matters that were not clear to his hearers. (Matt. 18:1-5; Mark 4:34)
He used object lessons. (John 13:2-16)
He reached the hearts of those to whom he spoke. (Luke 24:32)
The result of his ministry was "that the crowds were astounded at his way of teaching." (Matt. 7:28)
IMPROVING YOUR TEACHING ABILITY
Above all, hold to God's Word in your teaching. (Titus 1:9)
It is God's Word that has power and that will move people to action.
It is God's Word that is the truth. Our opinions may be in error.
In your presentation seek God's honor. Endeavor to avoid drawing attention to yourself.
We are God's servants and should seek his honor in all that we do and say.
Jokes and humorous stories are not necessary to effective teaching.
The Bible does not indicate that Jesus used such devices.
Present specific material. Jesus did. A talk dealing with generalities lacks weight and authority; it is vague.
If giving instruction, explain how a thing is to be done.
(Notice Jesus' specific instructions in Matthew 10:11-14.)
Logical development can aid greatly in effective teaching.
Avoid presenting too much material.
Do not introduce more material than can be clearly developed in the allotted time.
Keep your presentation simple, uncomplicated. Allow time to repeat the main points.
Teaching involves more than simply reading a Bible text; rather, there is a need also to explain it, to illustrate it and to apply it.
Emphasize key portions of the text under consideration.
Seek to apply the points to your audience. It will aid you to hold their attention and move them to apply what they learn.
Illustrations formed an important feature of Jesus' teaching and can help you to be effective. (Luke 7:41-43)
Work to make your illustration simple. Complex ones may be difficult to follow or even detract from your argument.
Note the simplicity and power of the illustrations used by James. (Jas. 3:5,6) How practical these illustrations would be in giving counsel, for example, against gossip!
Effective questions can be used to stimulate thinking and to aid individuals to draw conclusions.
Note how Jesus used them with a group. (Matt. 16:13-16)
Note how Jesus used them with an individual. (Luke 10:25-28,36)
Leading questions on the basis of what a person already knows can aid you to direct his mind so that he comes to a correct conclusion.
[EXAMPLE: A new brother comes to you and tells you that his secular job requires him to overcharge the customers in the store where he is employed. He asks you what he should do.
Now, will you tell him what to do, or, as a teacher, will you aid him to reason on the matter and draw his own conclusion based on the Scriptures?
How wise it might be to draw him out and ask him, "Is such action being dishonest? Would you like a person to do that to you? What does the Bible say about dishonesty? How do you feel about it?" As you read and discuss appropriate scriptures with him, you will aid him to draw a right conclusion based on the Bible and he may be motivated by a good heart to follow through on the counsel of the Scriptures.]
Viewpoint questions (asking a person what he thinks) aid you to find out what a person believes on a matter.
This will aid you to know what counsel or encouragement he needs.
It can also help you to appreciate what is needed to reach his heart.
For example, if a brother asks you about marrying an unbeliever, you might ask him: "What do you think about it? Do you remember any scriptures that bear on the subject?"
After reading with him 1 Corinthians 7:39 and 2 Corinthians 6:14,15, you might ask: "What do those scriptures tell you as to God's view on the matter? Do you agree with this counsel? What benefits can you foresee coming to the person who follows this counsel from God?"
Visual aids such as maps, an outline on a chalkboard of main points to be covered, and so forth, may also be used at times.
APPEAL TO THE HEART IN YOUR TEACHING
The heart is involved in motivation and is tied in intimately with one's affections. (Ps. 119:11)
Heartfelt appreciation is very important; the truth must get into one's heart for him to apply it.
How can you reach the heart?
One way to reach the heart is to encourage the person to ponder on what he learns. You can help him do this by emphasizing the main points and encouraging him to review these.
Another way is to ask probing questions, such as: "Do you believe what we just considered from the Bible? How do you feel about it? How could you apply this in your life?"
A third way to impress the truth on hearts is to help your listeners to think in terms of their relationship with Jehovah.
Encourage them to ask themselves questions like: "Why do I want to do this or that? Am I seeking to please God or my own fleshly desires?"
Emphasize the importance of seeking Jehovah's direction before making decisions.
There needs to be a 'willing heart' for one to be properly motivated. (Ex. 35:5,21,22)
Do not try to get the brothers in the field service by exerting pressure on them; however, encouragement is proper.
Endeavor to stimulate their hearts so there is a desire to serve Jehovah whole-souled and to have as full a share as possible. (Mark 12:30)
Whole-souled devotion is the greatest commandment of the Mosaic law; no less is required of us as disciples of Jesus Christ. (Matt. 22:36-40)
Do not expect all to be accomplishing the same in witnessing. People are different, with different conditions of health and circumstances. We can render whole-souled devotion, producing thirtyfold, sixtyfold or a hundredfold. (Matt. 13:23)
On the other hand, help the brothers to appreciate that participation in proclaiming the good news is a sacred duty, a requirement on which our life depends. (1 Cor. 9:16; Rom. 10:10) Keep before the brothers the fact that our work relates to the supreme issue of the rightness of Jehovah's sovereignty.
This alone should stir our hearts and move us to zealous service. (Luke 6:45)
Help them to see that our share in Kingdompreaching and disciple-making shows how much God's kingdom really means to us individually.
To reach the heart, show that lives are at stake, that we are doing a work never to be repeated, that the work is not in vain, that the reward for endurance in God's service is certain.
As overseers you have a great privilege and responsibility to teach God's law.
Pay 'constant attention to your teaching'; "you will save both yourself and those who listen to you." (1 Tim. 4:16)
What a joyful prospect!
What a praise to Jehovah!
Unit 2 (b)
Teaching at Congregation Meetings
The spiritual level of the congregation depends to a great extent on the quality of teaching at the meetings. The five weekly meetings form an integral and important part of our theocratic education. The brothers come to these meetings expecting to be instructed in God's Word and encouraged in his work. You have a great and wonderful privilege to stand before your brothers, God's flock "in your care," to feed them and build them up.
Do this willingly, with joy and earnestness. (1.Pet. 5:2) This will result in spiritual encouragement to your brothers, motivate them to zealous service and increase your own happiness.
TEACHING AT THE "WATCHTOWER" STUDY
The Watchtower is a means of dispensing spiritual food at the proper time.
The information it contains can greatly aid one to establish and maintain a good relationship with Jehovah.
How can we be teachers in the Watchtower study and aid our brothers to have and maintain a good relationship with Jehovah?
The opening remarks and comments of the conductor should be brief and to the point.
Be warm, enthusiastic, encouraging.
You might set the theme of the lesson and stimulate interest in the material by one or two questions that will be answered, a statement to be proved or a problem that needs a solution, and so forth.
The conductor should not comment excessively. A teacher does not do the thinking for the students; rather, he helps them to think in an orderly manner and arrive at the correct conclusion.
When important points are missed by the commentators, or the application of the scripture is overlooked, it can be helpful if you ask specific questions to draw out the points.
However, a caution: Do not ask additional questions unnecessarily or you may stifle comments on other points that the audience has in mind. Draw them out with additional questions only when needed. You can easily find yourself talking too much or unintentionally directing the minds of the brothers to concentrate on details rather than on the main points.
Tactfully and kindly encourage the brothers to participate.
This may be done by being warm and friendly yourself and by commending them for their comments and efforts.
Encourage personal and family preparation.
Recommend that the brothers comment in their own words briefly and to the point.
Some Watchtower study conductors have encouraged that the first comment be a direct answer to the printed question, with additional comments drawing attention to how the scriptures apply, to supporting arguments and to practical application of the material. This is optional.
Make good use of the Bible during the study. (Acts 17:11)
Encourage the brothers to look up and comment on the scriptures in the study as time permits.
The conductor might invite all in attendance to look up some scriptures as they are read and commented on.
Some scriptures might be assigned in advance for individuals to read and comment on.
Help the congregation to appreciate that every study is designed to aid us to understand the Bible itself, its prophecies and teachings.
Brief concluding comments (or review questions) can draw attention to the main points and how we as Christians can apply the counsel in our lives. (Jas. 1:22, 25)
To teach effectively at the Watchtower study you will need to study carefully, look up the scriptures, know how they apply, and take an interest in the material and in your brothers.
How could you improve in teaching at the Watchtower study?
TEACHING AT THE CONGREGATION BOOK STUDY
In conducting the study, seek to build appreciation for the material.
Help those attending to see, not only the answers to the questions, but also the reasons for them,the value of the information and how it applies to them.
Your opening remarks can be brief.
At the beginning you may wish to read the portion of the Bible that will be considered during the study if the material lends itself to that.
Draw attention to the main points rather than to minor ones.
For example, if you were studying about the ransom and what it is and were considering John 3:16,you would draw attention to the point that God gave his "only-begotten Son" as a ransom rather than becoming involved in a discussion of the expression "the world," although this is also mentioned in the verse.
Have unquoted scriptures read and discussed as time allows.
Long citations may be read, they may be assigned to be summarized or key verses may be read.
The conductor may decide how they may best be handled.
Watch the response of those in attendance or the lack of it.
Can you help so the material is reaching both the mind and heart?
When a comment is read, you may wish to ask the person if he would like to repeat the point in just a few words.
When would you not want to do this?
Be alert to commend the brothers for what they do.
Do not comment excessively yourself. Rather, a teacher will want to draw out answers from the audience whenever possible.
To aid in understanding points that are not clear, various types of questions can be employed.
You might use true-or-false statements, multiple choice, leading or viewpoint questions.
Help the brothers to see the practical value of the material.
Watch for points that the brothers can use in field service.
Are there points that would aid those in divided households? Or that would aid the brothers at their place of employment, at school or in other situations?
Encourage all to participate: young ones, new ones as well as the mature ones.
How do you do this?
Perhaps you can help some prepare for the study. Timid ones may be willing to read a scripture.
Help all to think on the material, understand it, appreciate it and how it applies.
Conduct your study so as to motivate the brothers to act on what they learn, so they want to do Jehovah's will. (Ps. 110:3)
It is good to have the closing review from the Bible rather than from the book if the material lends itself to this.
How could you improve in teaching your brothers at the book study?
TEACHING AT THE PUBLIC MEETING, THE SERVICE MEETING AND THEOCRATIC SCHOOL
The public meeting is generally presented in the form of a discourse, although slide presentations are also used on occasion.
The information should be spiritually upbuilding to new ones and regular attenders.
When preparing a public talk, ask yourself: "Why is this information needed? Can I present it and illustrate it so that all will be benefited and can see how the information can be used?"
For example: If your talk is on evolution, you would not want to present the material in such a way that it ridicules those who believe in evolution. While the brothers might consider such a presentation humorous, it would not appeal to one who believes in evolution.
Rather, present the information so that an unbelieving husband sitting in the audience might see the reasonableness of it.
Help the brothers to see how they could use the material and present it in such a way that it would appeal to those in the territory who believe in evolution.
We want to help people, not ridicule them. We want to appeal to their reason and better judgment.
Use terms that are easily understood by all.
Involving your audience by the use of questions or having them read and comment on scriptures may do much to hold their attention and add to the instructiveness of your presentation.
Enthusiasm is very important in your teaching.
Without it, well-prepared material may not be conveyed.
Put your heart into your talk.
Look to Jehovah for his help.
How could the public meetings in your congregation be improved?
Have slide presentations that you have had been spiritually upbuilding? Should not be merely entertaining.
Could you be a better teacher when you give public talks? How?
The purpose of the service meeting is to equip and stimulate the brothers to share fully in the preaching and disciple-making work.
Endeavor to follow the suggestions outlined under "Your Service Meetings" in Our Kingdom Service. They have been well thought out and provide the outlines for balanced and upbuilding programs.
To teach effectively, careful preparation, as well as the rehearsal of demonstrations, is necessary.
When preparing to present material from Our Kingdom Service, consider the needs of the local congregation.
Ask yourself: "Why does our congregation need this information? What points will be of greatest value to the publishers?" Then highlight these points.
Help the brothers to see how the information presented is practical and can be helpful to them and in their territory.
It stimulates interest when different members of the congregation who are qualified are impartially used on the program.
For your instruction and counsel to be most effective, you need to be one who appreciates the value of field service yourself and one who takes a good lead in the work. (1 Tim. 4:12) The brothers appreciate it when the meetings are concluded on time.
Both songs and the closing prayer should be within one hour.
If someone before you on the program takes too much time, can you reduce your part?
If someone makes a practice of going overtime, speak to him in a kindly way, give practical suggestions and help him to see the need to make adjustments.
Perhaps he should prepare less material.
Perhaps he should spend less time on introductory remarks and get right into the assigned material.
What do you believe would improve the service meetings in your congregation?
What practical suggestions do you have?
Could you be a more effective teacher when you have a part on the service meeting? How?
The Theocratic School has done much to train God's people to present the Kingdom message in a clear and effective way.
Prepare well so you know the material to be covered by the speakers and will be in a position to draw attention to points that will be instructive and spiritually upbuilding to all.
Your introductory remarks could call attention to points that the congregation can look forward to learning during the school.
At times this can be effectively done by raising
questions and inviting the brothers to look for the answers.
If the student does not cover the point, you can draw attention to it during the time you have between the talks.
Keep the audience involved to the extent possible.
It may be that you could draw the audience out on some of the material that the speaker did not have time to consider.
Draw attention to material that will be of spiritual value to the brothers.
Material that can be used in field service.
Or points that will be of value in their everyday lives.
Take the initiative to approach each student speaker personally after the meeting, not just to return his Speech Counsel form, but to encourage and help him.
Commend the brothers for what they do.
Help them to be glad that they had a part in the school, could build up their brothers and speak to Jehovah's praise.
Give helpful and practical counsel.
If some need additional help, could you arrange for this to be given by yourself or another member of the congregation?
Are there some who need help to improve their reading ability?
Why is it important that each person be able to read well and to understand what he reads?
Can arrangements be made to help them by using
an auxiliary classroom when the school is being conducted or at another time that is convenient?
What arrangements do you have to help members of the congregation who need assistance to improve their reading ability?
What results have you seen?
Meetings should always be conducted in such a way that they honor Jehovah, spiritually build up those in attendance, and cause us to grow ever stronger in our love for Jehovah, his service and our brothers.
What have you been doing in your congregation to accomplish these goals?
Unit 3 (a)
Be Whole-souled in the Evangelizing Work
Jehovah has given his people an evangelizing work. This involves preaching and teaching the good news of the Kingdom by means of every appropriate method we are able to use.
This work is one of the most important that has ever been done on the earth. Why? Because it is a "touchstone" by which mankind is being judged. Acceptance of the good news and obedience to it result in salvation; rejection and disobedience mean destruction. This in itself impresses us with the urgency of the work.
The apostle Paul stated, "Whatever you are doing, work at it whole-souled as to Jehovah, and not to men."
Being whole-souled in the evangelizing work means putting your whole soul into the work.—Col. 3:23.
WHAT IS WHOLE-SOULED SERVICE?
Whole-souled service involves using your whole soul, including your heart, mind and strength.
Loving Jehovah with your "whole soul" means that every fiber of your existence is involved in lovingly serving God; no function, capacity or desire in life is excepted.
Whole-souled service does not require that we be physically perfect.
Imperfect people are urged to be whole-souled. (Mark 12:30)
It is a matter of using all our imperfect faculties in God's service.
People have different abilities and so their accomplishments differ.
Jesus spoke of those in "fine soil" producing a hundredfold or sixty,or thirty. (Matt.13:18,23)
Was the one bearing thirty not whole-souled? Jesus did not say that.
One may have more energy or other resources to use in God's service than another does.
Two women in Bible times received honorable mention by Jesus for their contributions to God's service, though the monetary value of their gifts and what they gave differed greatly. (Luke 21:1-4; Mark 14:6-9)
Similarly today, circumstances in life differ-there are differences in health, vigor, mental ability obligations and responsibilities, time in the truth knowledge of the Scriptures; all of these can affect how much a person can accomplish.
Realize that some who do very little in God's service because of limitations may be whole-souled.
Help your brothers to enjoy what they are able to do in the evangelizing work whether it appears to be little or much.
Help your brothers and sisters also to use their whole soul in the evangelizing work.
Do they put their whole heart into their presentations of the Kingdom message?
People can sense this and it may have much to do with their reaction to the good news.
Do you put your heart into your presentation of the good news?
When in the service, is their mind on their work—their efforts to reach people and present the good news effectively-or is it on other matters?
Do you keep your mind on what you are doing when you share in the evangelizing work?
Do they exert themselves physically, using their strength in the evangelizing work? (1 Tim. 4:10)
For an older or sickly person, an hour may be all his soul may wisely do.
Do some discontinue their activity because others cannot stay longer, when their strength and circumstances permit them to do more?
Do you use your whole strength in the evangelizing work?
TAKE THE LEAD IN EVANGELIZING
Jesus set the pattern for Christian elders. Kingdompreaching was a major part of his earthly activity. (John 18:37)
Jesus was willing to extend himself in behalf of others even when he was tired. (Mark 6:30-34)
Elders should take the lead in Kingdom-preaching and disciple-making as "examples to the flock." (1 Pet. 5:2,3)
Your brothers are benefited when they see—
Your efforts to make room in your busy schedule to 'work hard' in Kingdom-preaching. (Eph. 5:15, 16; 1 Thess. 5:12, 13)
Your joy in the work. (Ps. 145:7, 11, 12)
Your interest in helping and encouraging your brothers. (Phil. 2:4)
Your relating field service experiences and encouraging others to do so.
Your keeping the field service to the fore in the meetings.
Help those who are 'reaching out' for privileges in
Help those who are 'reaching out' for privileges in the congregation to appreciate that overseers are to be examples to the flock in all respects, including having as full a share in the field service as their circumstances permit.
MAKE ARRANGEMENTS SO THAT THE MOST IS ACCOMPLISHED
Good organization is needed to accomplish the most in your personal activity and in your efforts to assist others.
When there is group witnessing, are you careful to see that you have enough territory to keep the brothers busy during the time they will be in the service?
Do you see that midweek groups have the territory they will need?
Are you alert to see that there is a balanced coverage of the territory?
What advantage would there be in making a definite schedule for working in the field service?
What benefit can you see in setting aside a specific time to share with members of your own family in the field service? Or making appointments to accompany other members of the congregation?
When you work with others, it is not just a matter of being with them in the service. There is a need to teach them and help them to make progress in the field service.
When you see a deficiency, what do you do to help a brother-
Use his Bible in witnessing?
Introduce subjects that have local appeal?
Converse with the people?
Show a genuine concern for the people?
Make return visits?
Start Bible studies?
Conduct instructive studies?
Appeal to the heart of the householder?
Remember, not all have the same abilities.
Commend the brothers for what they are able to do. (1 Cor. 12:4-7) Do what you can to help each one make progress.
Be loving and upbuilding in all that you do and say.
ENCOURAGE PIONEER SERVICE
One of the best ways to encourage pioneer service is for elders and members of their families to share in the pioneer work to the extent their circumstances allow.
Elders who pioneer have been a great blessing to others.
Some elders, in the following situations, have found it possible to get into the regular pioneer work. Could you?
Those who are retired.
Those who have no dependent children.
Those who have secular work that does not consume all their time.
Some have made adjustments in their secular employment so they could pioneer.
Some elders who do not have such favorable circumstances have been able to engage in auxiliary pioneer service one or more times during the year.
They do it because they have the evangelizing spirit, are whole-souled and feel that they can do it.
Is this a matter to which you could give more serious thought and prayer?
Many elders have encouraged their wives and children to share in either regular or auxiliary pioneer work.
Sometimes cooperation and encouragement from other family members help to make this possible. They may need help to work out practical schedules, assistance to find part-time secular work, encouragement to develop the godly view of wanting to help people. (2 Pet. 3:9)
Do you make the pioneer service a matter of enthusiastic conversation in your household? (Luke 6:45)
Be alert to the needs and problems of those already in pioneer service.
What could be done to help a pioneer who—
Does not have sufficient territory?
Does not get the literature supplies needed?
Needs someone to work with in the field service?
Needs assistance in starting studies?
Has financial problems?
May not be properly caring for his health?
Is discouraged over indifference in the territory?
How have you been able to encourage and assist pioneers in your congregation? What more could you do?
Be alert to take advantage of all opportunities to preach and teach the good news.
By example and word, motivate your brothers to share as fully as they can in spreading the good news on all occasions and in every appropriate way.
Help Your Brothers to Reach All by Evangelizing
The Christian congregation serves in Jehovah's purpose by declaring abroad his excellencies. (1 Pet. 2:9) This involves sharing the good news with all who will hear. The overseers as shepherds of the flock not only themselves take the lead in evangelizing, but also serve an important role in encouraging and helping all in the congregation to share in the evangelizing work.
Jesus said, "The good news has to be preached," but he did not indicate that the work must be done in one particular way. Rather, the disciples were encouraged to be illuminators in the world, taking advantage of every opportunity to help others learn the truth of God's Word.—Mark 13:10; Phil. 2:15.
Likewise, overseers today should not try to legislate exactly how the brothers do the evangelizing work. Rather, concern yourselves with encouraging a proper attitude toward the preaching work, give helpful suggestions as to ways in which the evangelizing work can be done and how people can be reached. Take the lead, work with the brothers in the field and help them to find pleasure in serving God and bringing the good news to others.
A PROPER MOTIVE IMPORTANT IN THE EVANGELIZING WORK
Help the brothers to see that love for Jehovah and for neighbor is demonstrated through the evangelizing work. (Mark 12:28-31) It is a privilege to share in the work assigned by Jesus.
Jesus demonstrated the proper attitude toward people, serving them in a self-sacrificing way. (Mark 6:31-34)
Remind the brothers of the example of the apostle Paul and help them to realize the joy that comes from giving. (Acts 20:24,35)
Help the brothers to understand that their appreciation for the sanctity of life is reflected in their attitude toward the evangelizing work. (Acts 20:26, 27)
Brothers should feel a personal obligation toward those who will hear, just as did the apostle Paul. (1 Cor. 9:16)
A discussion of James 1:2-4, 12 will encourage the brothers to remain firm in the evangelizing work even when suffering persecution. (Acts 5:41, 42)
HELP THE BROTHERS TO SHINE AS ILLUMINATORS ON EVERY APPROPRIATE OCCASION
When proper spiritual feeding has filled their hearts with good things, it is only natural that the brothers will want to share the good news with others on every appropriate occasion.
It is encouraging to the brothers to know that there is Scriptural backing for engaging in the evangelizing work in various manners:
Going into the homes of the people to speak with them. (Luke 19:1-10)
Preaching publicly from city to city. (Matt. 9:35) Witnessing to people in public places such as a marketplace. (Acts 17:17) Speaking to groups of people assembled in public meeting places.
(Acts 13:14-16; Matt. 13:54)
Approaching relatives and people who are traveling. (John 1:40, 41; Acts 8:27-30)
Similarly today, opportunities to evangelize present themselves while visiting relatives or friends; in dayby-day contacts with neighbors; when talking with workmates, business associates; while traveling; on vacation (holiday), and so forth.
Recognize opportunities for informal witnessing in your locality and suggest these to the brothers.
When you take the lead in this activity, and take advantage of such appropriate opportunities to evangelize, others will be encouraged to follow your example.
If the brothers are reluctant to take the initiative to evangelize informally, experiences on the service meeting and demonstrations of how to do this may be helpful to the brothers.
What opportunities have you used for informal witnessing?
How do you get the conversation started?
How do you handle things so that the conversation does not become objectionable to the other person and so he does not feel that he is being "preached" to? (Col. 4:6)
How do you know when to drop the subject? It is often good to make a statement or two and then pause to see what response you get.
Notice how Jesus did this as illustrated at John 4:7-26.
A few brief but appropriate statements from time to time may accomplish more than if you try to say it all at once.
Help the brothers to appreciate the need for tactfulness and discretion when evangelizing informally.
Mention situations where it would not be particularly appropriate for extensive informal witnessing.
What preparation can the brothers make in order to be ready for such opportunities of service?
How is it possible that our Christian conduct may open the way for conversations with others? (Titus 2:1-14)
ENCOURAGE PARTICIPATION IN PREARRANGED EVANGELIZING WORK
There are various ways to share in the evangelizing work, and often the elders can arrange for individuals to share together in this activity.
A most effective method of reaching people with the good news in many parts of the world is by calling on them from house to house.
NOTE: In cases involving Jehovah's Witnesses the United States Supreme Court has made the following favorable statements as to our evangelizing work.
"Preaching from house to house is an age-old method of proselyting. For centuries it has been a common practice in this and other countries for persons not specifically invited to go from home to home and knock on doors or ring doorbells to communicate ideas to the occupants."
Martin v. City of Struthers, 319 U.S. pp. 150; 141.
"The hand distribution of religious tracts is an age-old form of missionary evangelism-as old as the history of printing presses." Murdock v. Pennsylvania, 319 U.S. p. 105. See also Defending and Legally Establishing the Good News, 1950, pp. 34, 35.
How do you arrange to share in the evangelizing activity with your wife and children?
How do you endeavor to make this a pleasant and an upbuilding time for them?
Other publishers need the help and encouragement you can give them by sharing with them in the house-to-house activity also.
The brothers can learn from your presentation how the evangelizing work can be done effectively in the local territory.
By being with other publishers when they speak at the doors, you can recognize problems they may be having and tactfully offer suggestions for improving their service.
But be careful that you do not convey the idea that the evangelizing work should be done only in the way you do it or that it should be done only in the way you suggest.
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